Mineralogy and provenance of auriferous Waimumu Quartz Gravels, Southland, New Zealand

References

• Ashley P, Craw D, MacKenzie D, Rombouts M, Reay A 2012. Mafic and ultramafic rocks, and platinum mineralisation potential, in the Longwood Range, Southland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology & Geophysics 55: 3–19. doi: 10.1080/00288306.2011.623302
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyle RW 1979. The geochemistry of gold and its deposits. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 280. 579 p.
   Google Scholar
• Cawood PA 1986. Stratigraphic and structural relations of the southern Dun Mountain Ophiolite Belt and enclosing strata, northwestern Southland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology & Geophysics 29: 179–203. doi: 10.1080/00288306.1986.10427534
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clough DM, Craw D 1989. Authigenic gold-marcasite association- evidence for nugget growth by chemical accretion in fluvial gravels, Southland, New Zealand. Economic Geology 84: 953–958. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.84.4.953
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coombs DS, Landis CA, Norris RJ, Sinton JM, Borns DJ, Craw D 1976. The Dun Mountain Ophiolite Belt, New Zealand. American Journal of Science 276: 561–603. doi: 10.2475/ajs.276.5.561
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper AF 1976. Concentrically zoned ultramafic pods from the Haast Schist Zone, South Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology & Geophysics 19: 603–623. doi: 10.1080/00288306.1976.10426310
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craw D 1984. Lithologic variations in Otago Schist, Mt. Aspiring area, northwest Otago, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 27: 151–166. doi: 10.1080/00288306.1984.10422524
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craw D 1992. Growth of alluvial gold particles by chemical accretion and reprecipitation, Waimumu, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology & Geophysics 35: 157–164. doi: 10.1080/00288306.1992.9514510
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craw D 2013. River drainage reorientation during placer gold accumulation, southern New Zealand. Mineralium Deposita 48: 841–860. doi: 10.1007/s00126-013-0464-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craw D, Beckett S 2004. Water and sediment chemistry of Sutton Salt Lake, east Otago, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 38: 315–328. doi: 10.1080/00288330.2004.9517240
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craw D, Falconer D, Youngson JH 2003. Environmental arsenopyrite stability and dissolution: theory, experiment, and field observations. Chemical Geology 199: 71–82. doi: 10.1016/S0009-2541(03)00117-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craw D, Kerr G, Reith F, Falconer D 2015a. Pleistocene paleodrainage and placer gold redistribution, western Southland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 58: 137–153. doi: 10.1080/00288306.2015.1007462
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craw D, MacKenzie DJ, Grieve P 2015b. Supergene gold mobility in orogenic gold deposits, Otago Schist, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology & Geophysics 58: 123–136. doi: 10.1080/00288306.2014.997746
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craw D, Mitchell M, McCann R, Reay A 2013. Compositional variations and morphological evolution in platinum beach placers, southern New Zealand. Mineralium Deposita 48: 81–97. doi: 10.1007/s00126-012-0417-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craw D, Upton P, Walcott R, Burridge C, Waters J 2012. Tectonic controls on the evolution of the Clutha River catchment, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology & Geophysics 55: 345–359. doi: 10.1080/00288306.2012.709184
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falconer DM, Craw D 2009. Supergene gold mobility: a textural and geochemical study from gold placers in southern New Zealand. Economic Geology Special Publication 14: 77–93.
   Google Scholar
• Falconer DM, Craw D, Youngson JH, Faure K 2006. Gold and sulphide minerals in Tertiary quartz pebble conglomerate gold placers, Southland, New Zealand. Ore Geology Reviews 28: 525–545. doi: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2005.03.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garnett RHW, Bassett NC 2005. Placer Deposits. Economic Geology 100th Anniversary Volume: 813–843.
   Google Scholar
• Heinrich CA 2015. Witwatersrand gold deposits formed by volcanic rain, anoxic rivers and Archaean life. Nature Geoscience. doi:10.1038/NGEO2344.
   Google Scholar
• Hyden G 1980. Geology of the west dome sector of the Dun mountain ophiolite belt. Unpublished PhD thesis, Dunedin, New Zealand, University of Otago. 178 p.
   Google Scholar
• Isaac M, Lindqvist JK 1990. Geology and lignite resources of the Eastern Southland Group. New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin 101. 202 p.
   Google Scholar
• MacPherson EO 1937. The geology of the Waimumu alluvial goldfield and notes on quartz conglomerates of Southland. New Zealand Journal of Science & Technology 18: 772–778.
   Google Scholar
• Reith F, Stewart L, Wakelin SA 2012. Supergene gold transformation: secondary and nanoparticulate gold from southern New Zealand. Chemical Geology 320: 32–45. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.05.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinton JM 1980. Equilibration history of the basal Alpine-type peridotite, Red Mountain, New Zealand. Journal of Petrology 18: 216–246. doi: 10.1093/petrology/18.2.216
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spandler C, Arculus RJ, Eggins SM, Mavrogenes JA, Price RC, Reay AJ 2003. Petrogenesis of the Greenhills Complex, Southland, New Zealand: magmatic differentiation and cumulate formation at the roots of a Permian island-arc volcano. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 144: 703–721. doi: 10.1007/s00410-002-0424-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stein J, Craw D, Pope J 2011. Initial sedimentation and subsequent diagenesis in the Eastern Southland Lignite Basin, southern New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology & Geophysics 54: 167–180. doi: 10.1080/00288306.2010.515599
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turnbull IM 2000. Geology of the Wakatipu area. Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences 1:250 000 geological map 18. 1 sheet + 72p. Lower Hutt, Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences.
   Google Scholar
• Turnbull IM, Allibone AH 2003. Geology of the Murihiku Area: Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences 1:250 000 geological map 20, Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences Limited, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Turnbull IM, Mortimer N, Craw D 2001. Textural zones in the Haast Schist: a reappraisal. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 44: 171–183. doi: 10.1080/00288306.2001.9514933
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upton P, Craw D, Walcott R 2014. Far-field deformation resulting from rheologic differences interacting with tectonic stresses: An example from the Pacific/Australian plate boundary in southern New Zealand. Geosciences 4: 93–113. doi: 10.3390/geosciences4030093
   Google Scholar
• Webster JG 1986. The solubility of Au and Ag in the system Au–Ag–S–O2–H2O at 25 °C and 1 atm. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 50: 245–255. doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(86)90242-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams GJ 1974. Economic geology of New Zealand. Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Monograph 4.
   Google Scholar
• Wood BL 1956. The geology of the Gore Subdivision. New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin 53. 129 p.
   Google Scholar
• Youngson JH, Craw D 1993. Gold nugget growth during tectonically induced sedimentary recycling, Otago, New Zealand. Sedimentary Geology 84: 71–88. doi: 10.1016/0037-0738(93)90046-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Youngson JH, Craw D 1999. Variation in placer style, gold morphology, and gold particle behavior down gravel bed-load rivers: an example from the Shotover/Arrow-Kawarau-Clutha river system, Otago, New Zealand. Economic Geology 94: 615–633. doi: 10.2113/gsecongeo.94.5.615
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Youngson JH, Craw D, Falconer DM 2006. Evolution of Cretaceous-Cenozoic quartz pebble conglomerate gold placers during basin formation and inversion, southern New Zealand. Ore Geology Reviews 28: 451–474. doi: 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2005.02.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Youngson JH, Wopereis P, Kerr LC, Craw D 2002. Au-Ag-Hg and Au-Ag alloys in Nokomai and Nevis valley placers, northern Southland and Central Otago, New Zealand, and their implications for placer-source relationships. New Zealand Journal of Geology & Geophysics 45: 53–69. doi: 10.1080/00288306.2002.9514959
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar