901
Views
48
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Influences of leaf toughness and nitrogen content on in‐stream processing and nutrient uptake by litter in a Waikato, New Zealand, pasture stream and streamside channels

, &
Pages 253-271 | Received 26 May 1999, Accepted 01 Nov 1999, Published online: 29 Mar 2010

References

  • Aerts , R. 1995 . The advantages of being evergreen . Trends in Ecology and Evolution , 10 : 402 – 407 .
  • Aimer , R. 1989 . Ecology of aquatic hyphomycetes in New Zealand streams , Hamilton, , New Zealand : University of Waikato . Unpublished PhD thesis,
  • Alexander , M. 1961 . Introduction to soil microbiology , 472 New York : John Wiley and Sons .
  • Anderson , N. H. and Sedell , J. R. 1979 . Detritus processing by macroinvertebrates in stream ecosystems . Annual Review of Entomology , 24 : 351 – 377 .
  • Anonymous . 1994 . “ Method for analysis of particulate carbon and N in natural waters and sediment using CHN analyzer ” . In Manual of analytical methods , Major ions and nutrients Volume 1 , Burlington, Ontario : The National Laboratory for Environmental Testing, Canada Centre for Inland Waters .
  • APHA . 1989 . Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. , 17th edition , Washington, DC : American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, Water Pollution Control Federation .
  • Baldy , V. and Gessncr , M. O. 1997 . Towards a budget of leaf litter decomposition in a first‐order woodland stream . Comples Rendus de L ‘Academie Des Sciences Serie III Sciences de la vie life sciences , 320 : 747 – 758 .
  • Baldy , V. , Gessner , M. O. and Chauvet , E. 1995 . Bacteria, fungi and the breakdown of leaf litter in a large river . Oikos , 74 : 93 – 102 .
  • Barlocher , F. 1992 . Effects of drying and freezing autumn leaves on leaching and colonization by aquatic hyphomycetes . Freshwater Biology , 28 : 1 – 7 .
  • Barlocher , F. , Canhoto , C. and Graca , M. A. S. 1995 . Fungal colonization of alder and eucalypt leaves in two streams in Central Portugal . Archives für Hydrobiologie , 133 : 457 – 470 .
  • Barlocher , F. , Kendrick , B. and Michaelides , J. 1978 . Colonisation and conditioning of Pinus resinosa needles by aquatic hyphomycetes . Archives fur Hydrobiologie , 81 : 462 – 474 .
  • Bird , G. A. and Kaushik , N. K. 1992 . Invertebrate colonization and processing of maple leaf litter in a forested and an agricultural reach of a stream . Hydrobiologia , 234 : 65 – 77 .
  • Blackburn , W. M. and Petr , T. 1979 . Forest litter decomposition and benthos in a mountain stream in Victoria . Archiv fiir Hydrobiologie , 86 : 453 – 498 .
  • Boulton , A. J. and Boon , P. I. 1991 . A review of methodology used to measure leaf litter decomposition in lotic environments: time to turn over an old leaf . Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 42 : 1 – 43 .
  • Campbell , I. C. , James , K. R. , Hart , B. T. and Devereaux , A. 1992 . Allochthonous coarse particulate organic material in forest and pasture reaches of 2 southeastern Australian streams. 2. Litter processing . Freshwater Biology , 27 : 353 – 365 .
  • Collier , K. , Baillie , B. , Bowman , E. , Halliday , J. , Quinn , J. and Smith , B. 1997 . Is wood in streams a dammed nuisance? . Water and Atmosphere , 5 : 17 – 21 .
  • Collier , K. J. , Cooper , A. B. , Davies‐Colley , R. J. , Rutherford , J. C. , Smith , C. M. and Williamson , R. B. 1995 . Managing riparian zones: a contribution to protecting New Zealand's rivers and streams , 39 Wellington, , New Zealand : Department of Conservation .
  • Collier , K. J. and Winterbourn , M. J. 1986 . Processing of willow leaves in two suburban streams in Christchurch, New Zealand . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 20 : 575 – 582 .
  • Cummins , K. W. , Wilzbach , M. A. , Gates , D. M. , Perry , J. B. and Taliaferro , W. B. 1989 . Shredders and riparian vegetation . Bioscience , 39 : 24 – 30 .
  • Dahm , C. N. 1981 . Pathways and mechanisms for removal of dissolved organic carbon from leaf leachate in streams . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 38 : 68 – 76 .
  • Davies‐Colley , R. J. 1988 . Measuring water clarity with a black disc . Limnology and Oceanography , 33 : 616 – 623 .
  • Davies‐Colley , R. J. and Quinn , J. M. 1998 . Stream lighting in five regions of the North Island, New Zealand: control by channel size and riparian vegetation . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 32 : 591 – 605 .
  • Davis , S. F. and Winterbourn , M. J. 1977 . Breakdown and colonization of Nothofagus leaves in a New Zealand stream . Oikos , 28 : 250 – 255 .
  • Fairchild , J. F. , Boyle , T. P. , Robinson‐Wilson , E. and Stark , R. W. 1983 . “ Microbial action in detrital leaf processing and the effects of chemical perturbation ” . In Dynamics of lotic ecosystems , Edited by: Fontaine , T. D. and Bartell , S. M. 437 – 456 . Ann Arbor : Ann Arbor Science .
  • Feeny , P. 1970 . Seasonal changes in oak tannins and nutrients as a cause of spring feeding by moth caterpillars . Ecology , 51 : 565 – 581 .
  • Findlay , S. , Hickey , C. W. and Quinn , J. M. 1997 . Microbial enzymatic response to catchment‐scale variations in supply of dissolved organic carbon . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 31 : 701 – 706 .
  • Gessner , M. O. 1991 . Differences in processing dynamics of fresh and dried leaf litter in a stream ecosystem . Freshwater Biology , 26 : 387 – 398 .
  • Gessner , M. O. and Dobson , M. 1993 . Colonisation of fresh and dried leaf litter by lotic macroinvertebrates . Archives fur Hydrobiologie , 127 : 141 – 149 .
  • Graca , M. A. S. and Pereira , A. P. 1995 . The degradation of pine needles in a Mediterranean stream . Archiv fir Hydrobiologie , 134 : 119 – 128 .
  • Harding , J. S. and Winterbourn , M. J. 1995 . Effects of contrasting land use on physico‐chemical conditions and benthic assemblages of streams in a Canterbury (South Island, New Zealand) river system . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 29 : 479 – 492 .
  • Hearne , J. W. and Howard‐Williams , C. 1988 . Modelling nitrate removal by riparian vegetation in a spring‐fed stream: the influence of land‐use practices . Ecological Modelling , 42 : 179 – 198 .
  • Hicks , B. J. and Laboyrie , J. L. 1999 . Preliminary estimates of mass‐loss rates, changes in isotope composition, and invertebrate colonisation of evergreen and deciduous leaves in a Waikato, New Zealand, stream . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 33 : 221 – 232 .
  • Hill , B. H. , Gardner , T. J. , Ekisola , O. F. and Henebry , G. M. 1992 . Microbial use of leaf litter in prairie streams . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 11 : 11 – 19 .
  • Howarth , R. W. and Fisher , S. G. 1976 . Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics during leaf decay in nutrient‐enriched stream micro‐ecosystems . Freshwater Biology , 6 : 221 – 228 .
  • Hynes , H. B. N. , Haushik , N. K. , Lock , M. A. , Lush , D. L. , Stacker , S. J. , Wallace , R. R. and Williams , D. D. 1974 . Benthos and allochthonous matter in streams . Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada , 31 : 545 – 553 .
  • Jones , J. B. 1997 . Benthic organic matter storage in streams: influence of detrital input and export, retention mechanisms and climate . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 16 : 109 – 119 .
  • Kaushik , N. K. and Hynes , H. B. N. 1971 . The fate of dead leaves that fall into streams . Archiv fiir Hydrobiologie , 68 : 465 – 515 .
  • Killingbeck , K. T. 1996 . Nutrients in senesced leaves: keys to the search for potential resorption and resorption proficiency . Ecology , 77 : 1716 – 1727 .
  • Linklater , W. 1995 . Breakdown and detritivore colonisation of leaves in three New Zealand streams . Hydrobiologia , 306 : 241 – 250 .
  • Lowrance , R. 1998 . “ Riparian forest ecosystems as filters for nonpoint‐source pollution ” . In Successes, limitations, and frontiers in ecosystem science , Edited by: Pace , M. L. and Groffman , P. M. 113 – 141 . New York : Springer‐Verlag .
  • McArthur , J. V. , Barnes , J. R. , Hansen , B. J. and Leff , L. G. 1988 . Seasonal dynamics of leaf litter breakdown in a Utah alpine stream . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 7 : 44 – 50 .
  • McDowell , W. H. and Fisher , S. G. 1976 . Autumnal processing of dissolved organic matter in a small woodland stream ecosystem . Ecology , 57 : 405 – 424 .
  • Meyer , J. L. , Wallace , J. B. and Eggert , S. L. 1998 . Leaf litter as a source of dissolved organic carbon in streams . Ecosystems , 1 : 240 – 249 .
  • Molinero , J. , Pozo , J. and Gonzalez , E. 1996 . Litter breakdown in streams of the Aguera catchment: influence of dissolved nutrients and land use . Freshwater Biology , 36 : 745 – 756 .
  • Mulholland , P. J. 1992 . Regulation of nutrient concentrations in a temperate forest stream: roles of upland, riparian, and in‐stream processes . Limnology and Oceanography , 37 : 1512 – 1526 .
  • Mulholland , P. J. 1997 . Dissolved organic matter concentrations in streams . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 16 : 131 – 141 .
  • Mulholland , P. J. and Hill , W. R. 1997 . Seasonal patterns in streamwater nutrient and dissolved organic carbon concentrations: separating catchment flow path and in‐stream effects . Water Resources Research , 33 : 1297 – 1306 .
  • Mulholland , P. J. , Newbold , J. D. , Elwood , J. W. and Webster , J. R. 1985 . Phosphorus spiralling in a woodland stream: seasonal variations . Ecology , 66 : 1012 – 1023 .
  • Nolen , J. A. and Pearson , R. G. 1993 . Factors affecting litter processing by Anisocentropus kirramus (Trichoptera, Calamoceratidae) from an Australian tropical rainforest stream . Freshwater Biology , 29 : 469 – 479 .
  • O'Keefe , M. and Lake , P. S. 1987 . The decomposition of pine, eucalypt and acacia litter in a small upland Victorian stream . Bulletin of the Australian Society for Limnology , 11 : 15 – 32 .
  • Ostrofsky , M. L. 1997 . Relationship between chemical characteristics of autumn‐shed leaves and aquatic processing rates . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 16 : 750 – 759 .
  • Parkyn , S. M. and Winterbourn , M. J. 1997 . Leaf breakdown and colonisation by invertebrates in a headwater stream: comparisons of native and introduced tree species . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 31 : 301 – 312 .
  • Parkyn , S. M. , Rabeni , C. F. and Collier , K. J. 1997 . Effects of crayfish (Paranephrops planifrons: Parasticidae) on in‐stream processes and benthic faunas: a density manupulation experiment . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 31 : 685 – 693 .
  • Petersen , R. C. and Cummins , K. W. 1974 . Leaf processing in a woodland stream . Freshwater Biology , 4 : 343 – 368 .
  • Quinn , J. M. , Burrell , G. P. and Scarsbrook , M. R. 1998 . Role of riparian vegetation in restoring the energy base of agricultural streams , NIWA Client Report DOC307 50
  • Quinn , J. M. , Cooper , A. B. , Davies‐Colley , R. J. , Rutherford , J. C. and Williamson , R. B. 1997a . Land use effects on habitat, water quality, periphyton, and benthic invertebrates in Waikato, New Zealand, hill‐country streams . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 31 : 579 – 597 .
  • Quinn , J. M. , Cooper , A. B. , Stroud , M. J. and Burrell , G. P. 1997b . Shade effects on stream periphyton and invertebrates: an experiment in streamside channels . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 31 : 665 – 683 .
  • Quinn , J. M. , Cooper , A. B. and Williamson , R. B. 1993 . “ Riparian zones as buffer strips: a New Zealand perspective ” . In Ecology and management of riparian zones in Australia, Marcoola, Queensland Edited by: Bunn , S. E. , Pusey , B. J. and Price , P. 53 – 87 .
  • Quinn , J. M. , Smith , B. J. , Burrell , G. P. and Parkyn , S. M. 2000 . Leaf litter characteristics affect colonisation by stream invertebrates and growth of Olinga feredayi (Trichoptera: Conoesucidae) . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 34 : 273 – 287 .
  • Richardson , J. S. 1992 . Food, microhabitat, or both? Macroinvertebrate use of leaf accumulations in a montane stream . Freshwater Biology , 27 : 169 – 176 .
  • Rosemond , A. D. , Pringle , C. M. and Ramirez , A. 1998 . Macroconsumer effects on insect detritivores and detritus processing in a tropical stream . Freshwater Biology , 39 : 515 – 523 .
  • Rosset , J. , Barlocher , F. and Oertli , J. J. 1982 . Decomposition of conifer needles and deciduous leaves in two Black Forest and two Swiss Jura streams . Internationale Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie , 67 : 695 – 711 .
  • Rounick , J. S. and Winterbourn , M. J. 1983 . Leaf processing in two contrasting beech forest streams: effects of physical and biotic factors on litter breakdown . Archiv fir Hydrobiologie , 96 : 448 – 474 .
  • Rounick , J. S. , Winterbourn , M. J. and Lyon , G. L. 1982 . Differential utilization of allochthonous and autochthonous inputs by aquatic invertebrates in some New Zealand streams: a stable carbon isotope study . Oikos , 39 : 191 – 198 .
  • Ryder , G. I. and Scott , D. 1988 . The applicability of the river continuum concept to New Zealand streams . Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereinigung fir Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie , 23 : 1441 – 1445 .
  • Schade , J. D. and Fisher , S. G. 1997 . Leaf litter in a Sonoran Desert stream ecosystem . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 16 : 612 – 626 .
  • Sedell , J. R. , Triska , F. J. and Buckley , B. 1975 . The processing of conifer and hardwood leaves in two coniferous forest streams: II. Biochemical and nutrient changes . Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereingung fir Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie , 19 : 1628 – 1638 .
  • Smith , D. G. and Maasdam , R. 1994 . New Zealand's National River Water Quality Network 1. Design and physico‐chemical characterisation . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 28 : 19 – 25 .
  • Suberkropp , K. 1997 . Annual production of leaf‐decaying fungi in a woodland stream . Freshwater Biology , 38 : 169 – 178 .
  • Suberkropp , K. , Godschalk , G. L. and Klug , M. J. 1976 . Changes in the chemical composition of leaves during processing in a woodland stream . Ecology , 57 : 720 – 727 .
  • Suberkropp , K. and Weyers , H. 1996 . Application of fungal and bacterial production methodologies to decomposing leaves in streams . Applied and Environmental Microbiology , 62 : 1610 – 1615 .
  • Tank , J. L. , Webster , J. R. and Benfield , E. F. 1993 . Micro‐bial respiration on decaying leaves and sticks in a Southern Appalachian stream . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 12 : 394 – 405 .
  • Taylor , B. R. and Barlocher , F. 1996 . Variable effects of air‐drying on leaching losses from tree leaf litter . Hydrobiologia , 325 : 173 – 182 .
  • Townsend , C. R. , Arbuckle , C. J. , Crowl , T. A. and Scarsbrook , M. R. 1997 . The relationship between land use and physicochemistry, food resources and macroinvertebrate communities in tributaries of the Taieri River, New Zealand: a hierarchically scaled approach . Freshwater Biology , 37 : 177 – 191 .
  • Triska , F. J. , Sedell , J. R. and Buckley , B. 1975 . The processing of conifer and hardwood leaves in two coniferous forest streams. II. Biochemical and nutrient changes . Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereinigung fir Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie , 19 : 1628 – 1939 .
  • Vannote , R. L. , Minshall , G. W. , Cummins , K. W. , Sedell , J. R. and Cushing , C. E. 1980 . The river continuum concept . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 37 : 130 – 137 .
  • Wallace , J. B. , Webster , J. R. and Cuffney , T. F. 1982 . Stream detritus dynamics: regulation by invertebrate consumers . Oecologia , 53 : 197 – 200 .
  • Wallace , J. B. , Whiles , M. R. , Webster , J. R. , Cuffney , T. F. , Lugthart , G. J. and Chung , K. 1993 . Dynamics of inorganic particles in headwater streams . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 12 : 112 – 125 .
  • Webster , J. R. and Benfield , E. F. 1986 . Vascular plant breakdown in freshwater ecosystems . Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , 17 : 567 – 594 .
  • Webster , J. R. , Benfield , E. F. , Ehrman , T. P. , Schaffer , M. A. , Tank , J. L. , Hutchens , J. J. and D'Angelo , D. J. 1999 . What happens to allochthonous material that falls into streams? A synthesis of new and published information from Coweeta . Freshwater Biology , 41 : 687 – 705 .
  • Webster , J. R. , Covich , A. P. , Tank , J. L. and Crockett , T. V. 1994 . Retention of coarse organic particles in streams in the Southern Appalachian mountains . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 13 : 140 – 150 .
  • Wetzel , R. G. 1983 . Limnology , New York : Saunders College Publishing .
  • Weyers , H. S. and Suberkropp , K. 1996 . Fungal and bacterial production during the breakdown of yellow poplar leaves in 2 streams . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 15 : 408 – 420 .
  • Young , R. G. , Huryn , A. D. and Townsend , C. R. 1994 . Effects of agricultural development on processing of tussock leaf litter in high country New Zealand streams . Freshwater Biology , 32 : 413 – 428 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.