The spatio-temporal distribution and population structure of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in New Zealand

References

• Arthur KE, Balazs GH. 2008. A comparison of immature green turtle (Chelonia mydas) diets among seven sites in the main Hawaiian Islands. Pac Sci. 62:205–217. doi: 10.2984/1534-6188(2008)62[205:ACOIGT]2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arthur KE, Boyle MC, Limpus CJ. 2008. Ontogenetic changes in diet and habitat use in green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) life history. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 362:303–311. doi: 10.3354/meps07440
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avery HW, Spotila JR, Congdon JD, Fischer Jr RU, Standora EA, Avery SB. 1993. Roles of diet protein and temperature in the growth and nutritional energetics of juvenile slider turtles, Trachemys scripta. Physiol Zool. 66:902–925. doi: 10.1086/physzool.66.6.30163746
   Google Scholar
• Balazs GH. 1976. Green turtle migrations in the Hawaiian archipelago. Biol Cons. 9:125–140. doi: 10.1016/0006-3207(76)90045-8
   Google Scholar
• Balazs GH. 1985. Status and ecology of marine turtles at Johnston Atoll. Atoll Research Bulletin. The Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D.C. 285. 49 p.
   Google Scholar
• Balazs GH, Forsyth RG, Kam AKH. 1987. Preliminary assessment of habitat utilization by Hawaiian green turtles in their resident foraging pastures. U.S. Department of Commerce, Honolulu. NOAA Technical Memorandum, NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFC-71. 107p.
   Google Scholar
• Bjorndal KA. 1997. Foraging ecology and nutrition of sea turtles. In: Lutz PL, Musick JA, editor. The biology of sea turtles. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press; p. 199–231.
   Google Scholar
• Bolten AB. 1999. Techniques for measuring sea turtles. In: Eckert KL, Bjorndal KA, Abreu-Grobois FA, Donnelly M, editors. Research and management techniques for the conservation of sea turtles. Washington, D.C.: IUCN/SSC Marine Turtle Specialist Group Publication No.4.; p. 110–114.
   Google Scholar
• Bolten AB. 2003. Variation in sea turtle life history patterns: neritic vs. oceanic developmental stages. In: Lutz PL, Musick JA, Wyneken J, editor. The biology of sea turtles, volume II. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press; p. 243–257.
   Google Scholar
• Booth DJ, Figueira WF, Gregson MA, Brown L, Beretta G. 2007. Occurrence of tropical fishes in temperate southeastern Australia: role of the East Australian Current. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 72:102–114. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2006.10.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyle MC. 2006. Post-hatchling sea turtle biology. [Unpublished PhD thesis]. Townsville, Queensland, Australia: James Cook University, 128p.
   Google Scholar
• Boyle MC, FitzSimmons NN, Limpus CJ, Kelez S, Velez-Zuazo X, Waycott M. 2009. Evidence for transoceanic migrations by loggerhead sea turtles in the southern Pacific Ocean. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 276:1993–1999.
   Google Scholar
• Boyle MC, Limpus CJ. 2008. The stomach contents of post-hatchling green and loggerhead sea turtles in the southwest Pacific: an insight into habitat association. Mar Biol. 155:233–241. doi: 10.1007/s00227-008-1022-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bresette MJ, Witherington BE, Herren RM, Bagley DA, Gorham JC, Traxler SL, Crady CK, Hardy R. 2010. Size-class partitioning and herding in a foraging group of green turtles Chelonia mydas. Endangered Species Research. 9:105–116. doi: 10.3354/esr00245
   Google Scholar
• Burrows MT, Schoeman DS, Buckley LB, Moore P, Poloczanska ES, Brander KM, Brown C, Bruno JF, Duarte CM, Halpern BS, et al. 2011. The pace of shifting climate in marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Science. 334:652–655. doi: 10.1126/science.1210288
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai W, Shi G, Cowan T, Bi D, Ribbe J. 2005. The response of the Southern Annular Mode, the East Australian Current, and the southern mid-latitude ocean circulation to global warming. Geophys Res Lett. 32:1–4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr A. 1980. Some problems of sea turtle ecology. American Zoologist. 20:489–498. doi: 10.1093/icb/20.3.489
   Google Scholar
• Carr A, Caldwell DK. 1956. The ecology and migrations of sea turtles, 1: results of field work in FLorida, 1955. Am Mus Novit. 1793:1–24.
   Google Scholar
• Carr A, Carr MH, Meylan AB. 1978. The ecology and migrations of sea turtles, 7: The West Caribbean green turtle colony. B Am Mus Nat Hist. 162:1–48.
   Google Scholar
• Chiswell SM. 1994. Variability in sea surface temperature around New Zealand from AVHRR images. New Zeal J Mar Fresh. 28:179–192. doi: 10.1080/00288330.1994.9516606
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davenport J. 1997. Temperature and the life-history strategies of sea turtles. J Therm Biol. 22:479–488. doi: 10.1016/S0306-4565(97)00066-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Rosario-Martinez H. 2015. phia: Post-Hoc Interaction Analysis. [cited 2015 August 14] Available from: http://cran.r-project.org/package = phia.
   Google Scholar
• Duffy CAJ. 2002. Distribution, seasonality, lengths, and feeding behaviour of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) observed in New Zealand waters. New Zeal J Mar Fresh. 36:565–570. doi: 10.1080/00288330.2002.9517112
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epperly SP, Braun J, Veishlow A. 1995. Sea turtles in North Carolina waters. Conserv Biol. 9:384–394. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.9020384.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feary DA, Pratchett MS, Emslie MJ, Fowler AM, Figueira WF, Luiz OJ, Nakamura Y, Booth DJ. 2014. Latitudinal shifts in coral reef fishes: why some species do and others do not shift. Fish Fish. 15:593–615. doi: 10.1111/faf.12036
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francis MP, Evans J. 1993. Immigration of subtropical and tropical animals into north-eastern New Zealand. In: Battershill CN, Schiel DR, Jones GP, Creese RG, MacDiarmid AB, editor. Proceedings of the Second International Annual Temperate Reef Symposium, Auckland, New Zealand 7-10 January 1992; p. 131–136.
   Google Scholar
• Francis MP, Worthington CJ, Saul P, Clements KD. 1999. New and rare tropical and subtropical fishes from northern New Zealand. New Zeal J Mar Fresh. 33:571–586. doi: 10.1080/00288330.1999.9516901
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill BJ. 1997. Records of turtles and sea snakes in New Zealand, 1837-1996. New Zeal J Mar Fresh. 31:477–486. doi: 10.1080/00288330.1997.9516781
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greig MJ, Ridgway NM, Shakespeare BS. 1988. Sea surface temperature variations at coastal sites around New Zealand. New Zeal J Mar Fresh. 22:391–400. doi: 10.1080/00288330.1988.9516310
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirth HF. 1997. Synopsis of biological data on the green turtle Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus 1758). Biological Report 97. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D. C. 128 p.
   Google Scholar
• Hochscheid S, Bentivegna F, Hays GC. 2005. First records of dive durations for a hibernating sea turtle. Biol Letters. 1:82–86. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2004.0250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koch V, Brooks LB, Nichols WJ. 2007. Population ecology of the green/black turtle (Chelonia mydas) in Bahía Magdalena, Mexico. Mar Biol. 153:35–46. doi: 10.1007/s00227-007-0782-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Last PR, White WT, Gledhill DC, Hobday AJ, Brown R, Edgar GJ, Pecl G. 2011. Long-term shifts in abundance and distribution of a temperate fish fauna: a response to climate change and fishing practices. Global Ecol Biogeogr. 20:58–72. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00575.x
   Google Scholar
• Limpus CJ. 2008. A biological review of Australian marine turtle species. 2. Green turtle, Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus). Queensland Environmental Protection Agency, Brisbane. 95 p.
   Google Scholar
• Limpus CJ, Chaloupka MY. 1997. Nonparametric regression modelling of green sea turtle growth rates (southern Great Barrier Reef). Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 149:23–34. doi: 10.3354/meps149023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Limpus CJ, Couper PJ, Read MA. 1994. The green turtle, Chelonia mydas, in Queensland: population structure in a warm temperate feeding area. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 35:139–154.
   Google Scholar
• Limpus CJ, Limpus DJ, Arthur KE, Parmenter CJ. 2005. Monitoring of green turtle population dynamics in Shoalwater Bay: 2000–2004. Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority Research Publication Series 83. Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Townsville. 60 p.
   Google Scholar
• Limpus CJ, Reed PC. 1985. The green turtle, Chelonia mydas, in Queensland: a preliminary description of the population structure in a coral reef feeding ground. In: Grigg GC, Shine R, Ehmann H, editors. The biology of Australasian frogs and reptiles. New South Wales: Surrey Beatty & Sons; p. 47–52.
   Google Scholar
• Limpus CJ, Walter DG. 1980. The growth of immature green turtles (Chelonia mydas) under natural conditions. Herpetologica. 36:162–165.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luschi P, Hays GC, Papi F. 2003. A review of long-distance movements by marine turtles, and the possible role of ocean currents. Oikos. 103:293–302. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.12123.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marquez RM. 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 11: Sea turtles of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of sea turtle species known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125. Rome, FAO. 81 p.
   Google Scholar
• McCann C. 1966a. Key to the marine turtles and snakes occurring in New Zealand. Tuatara. 14:73–81.
   Google Scholar
• McCann C. 1966b. The marine turtles and snakes occurring in New Zealand. Tuatara. 5:201–215.
   Google Scholar
• McCullagh P, Nelder JA. 1989. Generalized linear models. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman & Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Mendonca MT. 1983. Movements and feeding ecology of immature green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in a Florida lagoon. Copeia. 1983:1013–1023. doi: 10.2307/1445104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meylan PA, Meylan AB, Gray JA. 2011. The ecology and migrations of sea turtles: 8. Tests of the developmental habitat hypothesis. B Am Mus Nat Hist. 357:1–70. doi: 10.1206/357.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moncada F, Abreu-Grobois FA, Muhlia-Melo A, Bell C, Tröeng S, Bjorndal KA, Bolten AB, Meylan AB, Zurita J, Espinosa G, et al. 2006. Movement patterns of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Cuba and adjacent Caribbean waters inferred from flipper tag recaptures. J Herpetol. 40:22–34. doi: 10.1670/39-05A.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musick JA, Limpus CJ. 1997. Habitat utilization and migration in juvenile sea turtles. In: Lutz PL, Musick JA, editors. The biology of sea turtles. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press; p. 137–163.
   Google Scholar
• Neuheimer AB, Thresher RE, Lyle JM, Semmens JM. 2011. Tolerance limit for fish growth exceeded by warming waters. Nat Clim Change. 1:110–113. doi: 10.1038/nclimate1084
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogren LH, McVea C. 1995. Apparent hibernation by sea turtles in North American waters. In: Bjorndal KA, editor. Biology and conservation of sea turtles. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press; p. 127–132.
   Google Scholar
• Pilcher NJ, Perry L, Antonopoulou M, Abdel-Moati MA, Al Abdessalaam TZ, Albeldawi M, Al Ansi M, Al-Mohannadi SF, Baldwin R, Chikhi A, et al. 2014. Short-term behavioural responses to thermal stress by hawksbill turtles in the Arabian region. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol. 457:190–198. doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2014.04.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rainey W. 1981. Guide to sea turtle visceral anatomy. U.S. Department of Commerce, Miami. NOAA Technical Memorandum, NOAA NMFS-SEFSC-82. 87p.
   Google Scholar
• R Development Core Team. 2014. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. [cited 2015 August 3] Available from http://www.r-project.org/.
   Google Scholar
• Read MA, Grigg GC, Limpus CJ. 1996. Body temperatures and winter feeding in immature green turtles, Chelonia mydas, in Moreton Bay, Southeastern Queensland. J Herpetol. 30:262–265. doi: 10.2307/1565520
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridgway KR. 2007. Long-term trend and decadal variability of the southward penetration of the East Australian Current. Geophys Res Lett. 34:1–5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roemmich D, Sutton P. 1998. The mean and variability of ocean circulation past northern New Zealand: determining the representativeness of hydrographic climatologies. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 103:13041–13054. doi: 10.1029/98JC00583
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadove SS, Pisciotta R. 1998. Assessment and initial treatment of cold-stunned sea turtles. Chelonian Conserv Bi. 3:84–87.
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz FJ. 1978. Behavioral and tolerance responses to cold water temperatures by three species of sea turtles (Reptilia, Cheloniidae) in North Carolina. Proceedings of the Florida and interregional conference on sea turtles, Jensen Beach, Florida 24-25 July 1976. Pp. 16-18.
   Google Scholar
• Seminoff JA, Resendiz A, Nichols WJ. 2002. Diet of east Pacific green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the central Gulf of California, México. J Herpetol. 36:447–453. doi: 10.1670/0022-1511(2002)036[0447:DOEPGT]2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seminoff JA, Resendiz A, Nichols WJ, Jones TT. 2002. Growth rates of wild green turtles (Chelonia mydas) at a temperate foraging area in the Gulf of California, México. Copeia. 2002:610–617. doi: 10.1643/0045-8511(2002)002[0610:GROWGT]2.0.CO;2
   Google Scholar
• Senko J, López-Castro MC, Koch V, Nichols WJ. 2010. Immature east Pacific green turtles (Chelonia mydas) use multiple foraging areas off the Pacific Coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico: first evidence from mark-recapture data. Pac Sci. 64:125–130. doi: 10.2984/64.1.125
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorte CJB, Williams SL, Carlton JT. 2010. Marine range shifts and species introductions: comparative spread rates and community impacts. Global Ecol Biogeogr. 19:303–316. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00519.x
   Google Scholar
• Southwood AL, Darveau CA, Jones DR. 2003. Metabolic and cardiovascular adjustments of juvenile green turtles to seasonal changes in temperature and photoperiod. J Exp Biol. 206:4521–4531. doi: 10.1242/jeb.00689
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spotila JR, O’Connor MP, Paladino FV. 1997. Thermal biology. In: Lutz PL, Musick JA, editors. The biology of sea turtles. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press; p. 297–314.
   Google Scholar
• Stanton BR, Sutton P. 2003. Velocity measurements in the East Auckland Current north-east of North Cape, New Zealand. New Zeal J Mar Fresh. 37:195–204. doi: 10.1080/00288330.2003.9517157
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witherington BE, Ehrhart LM. 1989. Hypothermic stunning and mortality of marine turtles in the Indian River Lagoon system, Florida. Copeia. 1989:696–703. doi: 10.2307/1445497
   Google Scholar
• Zug GR, Balazs GH, Wetherall JA, Parker DM, Murakawa SKK. 2002. Age and growth of Hawaiian green seaturtles (Chelonia mydas): an analysis based on skeletochronology. Fish B-NOAA. 100:117–127.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar