Global Self-Worth among Adolescents: The Role of Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction in Physical Education

References

• Agans, J. P., Säfvenbom, R., Davis, J. L., Bowers, E. P., & Lerner, R. M. (2013). Positive movement experiences: Approaching the study of athletic participation, exercise, and leisure activity through relational developmental systems theory and the concept of embodiment. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 45, 261–286. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-397946-9.00010-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amorose, A. J., Anderson-Butcher, D., & Cooper, J. (2009). Predicting changes in athletes’ well being from changes in need satisfaction over the course of a competitive season. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 80(2), 386–392. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2009.10599575
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumeister, R. F., Campbell, J. D., Krueger, J. I., & Vohs, K. D. (2003). Does high self-esteem cause better performance, interpersonal success, happiness, or healthier lifestyles? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4(1), 1–44. doi: 10.1111/1529-1006.01431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bos, A. E. R., Huijding, J., Muris, P., Vogel, L. R. R., & Biesheuvel, J. (2010). Global, contingent and implicit self-esteem and psychopathological symptoms in adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 48(3), 311–316. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2009.10.025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bos, A. E. R., Muris, P., Mulkens, S., & Schaalma, H. P. (2006). Changing self-esteem in children and adolescents: A roadmap for future interventions. Netherlands Journal of Psychology, 62(1), 26–33. doi: 10.1007/BF03061048
   Google Scholar
• Breslin, G., Murphy, M., McKee, D., Delaney, B., & Dempster, M. (2012). The effect of teachers trained in a fundamental movement skills programme on children’s self-perceptions and motor competence. European Physical Education Review, 18(1), 114–126. doi: 10.1177/1356336X11430657
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brettschneider, W.-D. (2001). Effects of sport club activities on adolescent development in Germany. European Journal of Sport Science, 1(2), 1–11. doi: 10.1080/17461390100071201
   Google Scholar
• Bum, C., & Jeon, I. (2016). Structural relationships between students’ social support and self-esteem, depression, and happiness. Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal, 44(11), 1761–1774. doi: 10.2224/sbp.2016.44.11.1761
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, F. F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14(3), 464–504. doi: 10.1080/10705510701301834
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coatsworth, J. D., & Conroy, D. E. (2009). The effects of autonomy-supportive coaching, need satisfaction, and self-perceptions on initiative and identity in youth swimmers. Developmental Psychology, 45(2), 320–328. doi: 10.1037/a0014027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227–268. doi: 10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., Robins, R. W., Moffitt, T. E., & Caspi, A. (2005). Low self-esteem is related to aggression, antisocial behavior, and delinquency. Psychological Science, 16(4), 328–335. doi: 10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.01535.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enders, C. K. (2010). Applied missing data analysis. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Erceg-Hurn, D. M., & Mirosevich, V. M. (2008). Modern robust statistical methods: An easy way to maximize the accuracy and power of your research. American Psychologist, 63(7), 591–601. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.63.7.591
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faulkner, G., & Tamminen, K. A. (2016). Youth sport and mental health. In K. Green, & A. Smith (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of youth sport (pp. 406–423). London: Taylor and Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Fox, K. R. (1997). The physical self: From motivation to well-being. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Fox, K. R. (2000). The effects of exercise on self-perceptions and self-esteem. In S. Biddle, K. R. Fox, & S. H. Boutcher (Eds.), Physical activity and psychological well-being (pp. 88–117). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Garn, A. C., McCaughtry, N., Martin, J., Shen, B., & Fahlman, M. (2012). A basic needs theory investigation of adolescents’ physical self-concept and global self-esteem. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 10(4), 314–328. doi: 10.1080/1612197X.2012.705521
   Google Scholar
• Gilchrist, P., & Wheaton, B. (2017). The social benefits of informal and lifestyle sports: A research agenda. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 9(1), 1–10. doi: 10.1080/19406940.2017.1293132
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harter, S. (1988). Manual for the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents.
   Google Scholar
• Harter, S. (2006). The self. In N. Eisenberg, R. M. Lerner, & W. Damon (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development (6th ed., Vol. 3, pp. 505–570). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Harter, S. (2012). Self-perception profile for adolescents: Manual and questionnaires. Denver, CO: University of Denver.
   Google Scholar
• Harter, S., Fischer, K. W., Harter, A. B., & Serwator, R. (1999). The construction of the self: A developmental perspective. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Haugen, T., Säfvenbom, R., & Ommundsen, Y. (2011). Physical activity and global self-worth: The role of physical self-esteem indices and gender. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 4(2), 49–56. doi: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2011.07.001
   Google Scholar
• Kirk, D. (2010). Physical education futures. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Kirk, D. (2013). Educational value and models-based practice in physical education. Educational philosophy and theory. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 45(9), 973–986. doi: 10.1080/00131857.2013.785352
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koka, A., & Hein, V. (2003). The impact of sports participation after school on intrinsic motivation and perceived learning environment in secondary school physical education. Kinesiology, 35(1), 86–93.
   Google Scholar
• Lerner, R. M., Lewin-Bizan, S., & Warren, A. E. A. (2011). Concepts and theories of human development. In M. E. Lamb, & M. H. Bornstein (Eds.), Social and personality development: An advanced textbook (pp. 19–66). New York, NY: Taylor and Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Little, T. D. (2013). Longitudinal structural equation modeling. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Marsh, H. W., & Hau, K.-T. (2007). Applications of latent-variable models in educational psychology: The need for methodological-substantive synergies. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 32(1), 151–170. doi: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2006.10.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh, H. W., Xu, M., & Martin, A. J. (2012). Self-concept: A synergy of theory, method, and application. In K. R. Harris, S. Graham, & T. Urdan (Eds.), APA educational psychology handbook (Vol. 1, pp. 427–458). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
   Google Scholar
• Marshall, S. L., Parker, P. D., Ciarrochi, J., & Heaven, P. C. L. (2013). Is self-esteem a cause or consequence of social support? A 4-year longitudinal study. Child Development, 85(3), 1275–1291. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12176
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mordal-Moen, K., & Green, K. (2014). Neither shaking nor stirring: A case study of reflexivity in Norwegian physical education teacher education. Sport, Education and Society, 19(4), 415–434. doi: 10.1080/13573322.2012.670114
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998-2017). Mplus User’s Guide (8th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
   Google Scholar
• Nemček, D., Kraček, S., & Peráčková, J. (2017). Rosenberg self-esteem scale analyses among elite and competitive athletes, recreational athletes and inactive individuals. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 17(5), 61–71. doi: 10.7752/jpes.2017.s5249
   Google Scholar
• NIF (Norges Idrettsforbund og Olympiske og Paralympiske Komité [Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports]). (2015). Idrettspolitisk dokument [Sports policy document] 2015-2019. Retrieved from https://www.idrettsforbundet.no/globalassets/idrett/idrettsforbundet/english/sportpolicydocument2011-2015.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Opplæringslova [the Education Act]. (1998). Lov om grunnskolen og den vidaregåande opplæringa [Act relating to Primary and Secondary Education]. (LOV-1998-07-17-61). Retrieved from https://lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1998-07-17-61
   Google Scholar
• Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Widaman, K. F. (2012). Life-span development of self-esteem and its effects on important life outcomes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(6), 1271–1288. doi: 10.1037/a0025558
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 539–569. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putnick, D. L., & Bornstein, M. H. (2016). Measurement invariance conventions and reporting: The state of the art and future directions for psychological research. Developmental Review, 41, 71–90. doi: 10.1016/j.dr.2016.06.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Säfvenbom, R. (2010). Å lede de unge ut i fristelse - og det gode liv [To lead the young ones into temptation - and the good life]. In K. Steinsholt, & K. P. Gurholt (Eds.), Aktive liv. Idrettspedagogiske perspektiver på kropp, bevegelse og dannelse [Active life. Sport pedagogical perspectives on body, movement and formative learning] (pp. 155–175). Trondheim: Tapir forlag.
   Google Scholar
• Säfvenbom, R., Geldhof, G. J., & Haugen, T. (2014). Sports clubs as accessible developmental assets for all? Adolescents’ assessment of egalitarianism vs. Elitism in sport clubs vs. School. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 6(3), 443–457. doi: 10.1080/19406940.2013.815255
   Google Scholar
• Säfvenbom, R., Haugen, T., & Bulie, M. (2015). Attitudes toward and motivation for PE. Who collects the benefits of the subject? Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 20(6), 629–646. doi: 10.1080/17408989.2014.892063
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Säfvenbom, R., Wheaton, B., & Agans, J. (2018). ‘How can you enjoy sports if you are under control by others?’ Self-organized lifestyle sports and youth development. Sport in Society, 21(12), 1990–2009. doi: 10.1080/17430437.2018.1472242
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scarpa, S. (2011). Physical self-concept and self-esteem in adolescents and young adults with and without physical disability: The role of sports participation. European Journal of Adapted Physical Activity, 4(1), 38–53.
   Google Scholar
• Sharaf, A. Y., Thompson, E. A., & Walsh, E. (2009). Protective effects of self-esteem and family support on suicide risk behaviors among at-risk adolescents. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 22(3), 160–168. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6171.2009.00194.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Singh, R. N., & Pathak, N. (2017). Effects of self-esteem on suicidal ideation among adolescents. International Journal of Indian Psychology, 4(4), 60–68. doi: 10.25215/0404.127
   Google Scholar
• Slutzky, C. B., & Simpkins, S. D. (2009). The link between children’s sport participation and self-esteem: Exploring the mediating role of sport self-concept. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(3), 381–389. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2008.09.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solenes, O. (2010). Barnekroppen og idretten: Ein historisk analyse av barneidrett i Noreg [Children’s bodies and sport: A historical analysis of children’s sport in Norway] 1937–1976. In K. Steinsholt, & K. P. Gurholt (Eds.), Aktive liv. Idrettspedagogiske perspektiver på kropp, bevegelse og dannelse [Active life. Sport pedagogical perspectives on body, movement and formative learning] (pp. 51–69). Tapir akademisk: Trondheim.
   Google Scholar
• Sowislo, J. F., & Orth, U. (2013). Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychological Bulletin, 139(1), 213–240. doi: 10.1037/a0028931
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steiger, A. E., Allemand, M., Robins, R. W., & Fend, H. A. (2014). Low and decreasing self-esteem during adolescence predict adult depression two decades later. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 106(2), 325–338. doi: 10.1037/a0035133
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stinson, D. A., Logel, C., Zanna, M. P., Holmes, J. G., Cameron, J. J., Wood, J. V., & Spencer, S. J. (2008). The cost of lower self-esteem: Testing a self-and social-bonds model of health. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(3), 412–428. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.94.3.412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stolz, S. A., & Kirk, D. (2015). David Kirk on physical education and sport pedagogy: In dialogue with Steven Stolz (part 1). Asia-Pacific Journal of Health, Sport and Physical Education, 6(1), 77–91. doi: 10.1080/18377122.2014.997862
   Google Scholar
• Støckel, J. T., Strandbu, Å, Solenes, O., Jørgensen, P., & Fransson, K. (2010). Sport for children and youth in the Scandinavian countries. Sport in Society, 13(4), 625–642. doi: 10.1080/17430431003616332
   Google Scholar
• Swann, C., Telenta, J., Draper, G., Liddle, S., Fogarty, A., Hurley, D., & Vella, S. (2018). Youth sport as a context for supporting mental health: Adolescent male perspectives. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 35, 55–64. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2017.11.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taliaferro, L. A., Rienzo, B. A., Miller, D. M., Pigg, M. R., & Dodd, V. J. (2010). Potential mediating pathways through which sports participation relates to reduced risk of suicidal ideation. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 81(3), 328–339. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2010.10599681
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tolman, D. L., Impett, E. A., Tracy, A. J., & Michael, A. (2006). Looking good, sounding good: Femininity ideology and adolescent girls’ mental health. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30(1), 85–95. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2006.00265.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trzesniewski, K. H., Donnellan, M. B., Moffitt, T. E., Robins, R. W., Poulton, R., & Caspi, A. (2006). Low self-esteem during adolescence predicts poor health, criminal behavior, and limited economic prospects during adulthood. Developmental Psychology, 42(2), 381–390. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.42.2.381
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trzesniewski, K. H., Donnellan, M. B., & Robins, R. W. (2003). Stability of self-esteem across the life span. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(1), 205–220. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.205
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Utdanningsdirektoratet [Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training]. (2015). Læreplan i kroppsøving [Curriculum for Physical Education] (KRO1-04). Retrieved from https://www.udir.no/kl06/KRO1-04?lplang=eng
   Google Scholar
• Vella, S. A., Cliff, D. P., Magee, C. A., & Okely, A. D. (2015). Associations between sports participation and psychological difficulties during childhood: A two-year follow up. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 18(3), 304–309. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2014.05.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viira, R., & Koka, A. (2012). Participation in afterschool sport: Relationship to perceived need support, need satisfaction, and motivation in physical education. Kinesiology, 44(2), 199–208.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vlachopoulos, S. P., & Michailidou, S. (2006). Development and initial validation of a measure of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in exercise: The basic psychological needs in exercise scale. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 10(3), 179–201. doi: 10.1207/s15327841mpee1003_4
   Google Scholar
• White, R. W. (1959). Motivation reconsidered: The concept of competence. Psychological Review, 66(5), 297–333. doi: 10.1037/h0040934
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wichstrøm, L. (1995). Harter’s self-perception profile for adolescents: Reliability, validity and evaluation of the question format. Journal of Personality Assessment, 65(1), 100–116. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6501_8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, D. B., London, K., & Field, A. P. (2011). Using bootstrap estimation and the plug-in principle for clinical psychology data. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 2(2), 252–270. doi: 10.5127/jep.013611
   Google Scholar