Newly discovered coralline algae in Southeast Brazil: Tectolithon fluminense gen. et sp. nov. and Crustaphytum atlanticum sp. nov. (Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta)

REFERENCES

• Adey W.H. 1964. The genus Phymatolithon in the Gulf of Maine. Hydrobiologia 24: 377–420. DOI: 10.1007/BF00170412.
   Google Scholar
• Adey W.H. & Adey P.J. 1973. Studies on the biosystematics and ecology of the epilithic crustose Corallinaceae of the British Isles. British Phycological Journal 8: 343–407. DOI: 10.1080/00071617300650381.
   Google Scholar
• Adey W.H., Hernandez-Kantun J.J., Gabrielson P.W., Nash M.C. & Hayek L.A.C. 2018. Phymatolithon (Melobesioideae, Hapalidiales) in the boreal–subarctic transition zone of the North Atlantic. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences 41, Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington, DC, USA. 90 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Adey W.H., Hernandez-Kantun J.J., Johnson G. & Gabrielson P.W. 2015. DNA sequencing, anatomy, and calcification patterns support a monophyletic, subarctic, carbonate reef-forming Clathromorphum (Hapalidiaceae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 51: 189–203. DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12266.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Athanasiadis A. 1999. Mesophyllum macedonis nov. sp. (Rhodophyta, Corallinales), a putative Tethyan relic in the North Aegean Sea. European Journal of Phycology 34: 239–252. DOI: 10.1017/S0967026299002103
   Google Scholar
• Athanasiadis A. & Adey W. 2006. The genus Leptophytum Adey (Melobesioideae, Corallinales) on the northern Pacific coast of North America. Phycologia 45: 71–115. DOI: 10.2216/04-38.1
   Google Scholar
• Athanasiadis A. & Ballantine D.L. 2014. The genera Melyvonnea gen. nov. and Mesophyllum s.s. (Melobesioideae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta) particularly from the central Atlantic Ocean. Nordic Journal of Botany 32: 385–436. DOI: 10.1111/njb.00265.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Athanasiadis A., Lebednik P.A. & Adey W.H. 2004. The genus Mesophyllum (Melobesioideae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta) on the northern Pacific coast of North America. Phycologia 43: 126–165. DOI:10.2216/i0031-8884-43-2-126.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bahia R.G., Abrantes D.P., Brasileiro P.S., Pereira-Filho G.H. & Amado-Filho G.M. 2010. Rhodolith bed structure along a depth gradient on the northern coast of Bahia State, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 58: 323–337. DOI: 10.1590/S1679-87592010000400007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bahia R.G., Amado-Filho G.M., Azevedo J. & Maneveldt G.W. 2014. Porolithon improcerum (Porolithoideae, Corallinaceae) and Mesophyllum macroblastum (Melobesioideae, Hapalidiaceae): new records of crustose coralline red algae for the southwest Atlantic Ocean. Phytotaxa 190: 38–44. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.190.1.5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basso D. 1995. Living calcareous algae by a paleontological approach: the genus Lithothamnion Heydrich nom. cons. from the soft bottoms of the Tyrrhenian Sea (Mediterranean). Rivista Italiana Di Paleontologia E Stratigrafia 101: 349–366.
   Google Scholar
• Basso D., Caragnano A., Le Gall L. & Rodondi G. 2015. The genus Lithophyllum in the north-western Indian Ocean, with description of L. yemenense sp. nov., L. socotraense sp. nov., L. subplicatum comb. et stat. nov., and the resumed L. affine, L. kaiseri, and L. subreduncum (Rhodophyta, Corallinales). Phytotaxa 208: 183–200. DOI:10.11646/phytotaxa.208.3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basso D., Rodondi G. & Mari M. 2004. A comparative study between Lithothamnion minervae and the type material of Millepora fasciculata (Corallinales, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 43: 215–223. DOI:10.2216/i0031-8884-43-2-215.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brasileiro P.S., Yoneshigue-Valentin Y., Bahia R.G., Reis R.P. & Amado-Filho G.M. 2009. Algas marinhas bentônicas da região de Cabo Frio e arredores: síntese do conhecimento. Rodriguésia 60: 039–066. DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860200960103.
   Google Scholar
• Broom J.E.S., Hart D.R., Farr T.J., Nelson W.A., Neill K.F., Harvey A.S. & Woelkerling W.J. 2008. Utility of psbA and nSSU for phylogenetic reconstruction in the Corallinales based on New Zealand taxa. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46: 58–973. DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2007.12.016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carro B., Lopez L., Peña V., Bárbara I. & Barreiro R. 2014. DNA barcoding allows the accurate assessment of European maerl diversity: a proof-of-concept study. Phytotaxa 190: 176–189. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.190.1.12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chamberlain Y.M., & Keats D.W. 1995. The melobesioid alga Mesophyllum engelhartii (Rhodophyta, Corallinaceae) in South Africa. South African Journal of Botany 61: 134–146. DOI: 10.1016/S0254-6299(15)30499-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chamberlain Y.M., Norris R.E., Keats D.W. & Maneveldt G. 1995. Clathromorphum tubiforme sp. nov. (Rhodophyta, Corallinaceae) in South Africa with comments on generic characters. Botanica Marina 38: 443–454. DOI: 10.1515/botm.1995.38.1-6.443.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darriba D., Taboada G.L., Doallo R. & Posada D. 2012. jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing. Nature Methods 9: 772. DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Felsenstein J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39: 783–791. DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freshwater D.W. & Rueness J. 1994. Phylogenetic relationships of some European Gelidium (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) species based upon rbcL sequence analysis. Phycologia 33: 187–194. DOI: 10.2216/i0031-8884-33-3-187.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabrielson P.W., Miller K.A. & Martone P.T. 2011. Morphometric and molecular analyses confirm two species of Calliarthron (Corallinales, Rhodophyta), a genus endemic to the northeast Pacific. Phycologia 50: 298–316. DOI: 10.2216/10-42.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guimaraens M.A. & Coutinho R. 1996. Spatial and temporal variation of benthic marine algae at the Cabo Frio upwelling region, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Aquatic Botany 52: 283–299. DOI: 10.1016/0304-3770(95)00511-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guimarães S.M.P.B. 2003. Uma análise da diversidade da flora marinha bentônica do estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Hoehnea 30: 11–19. DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702014000300011.
   Google Scholar
• Harvey A.S. & Woelkerling W.J. 2007. A guide to nongeniculate coralline red algal (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) rhodolith identification. Ciencias Marinas 33: 411–426. DOI: 10.7773/cm.v33i4.1210.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvey A.S., Woelkerling W.J. & Millar A.J.K. 2003. An account of the Hapalidiaceae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in south-eastern Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 16: 647–698. DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702014000300011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hernandez Kantun J., Rindi F. & Adey W.H. 2015. Sequencing type material resolves the identity and distribution of the generitype Lithophyllum incrustans, and related European species L. hibernicum and L. bathyporum (Corallinales, Rhodophyta). Journal of Phycology 51: 791–807. DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12319.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hind K.R., Gabrielson P.W., Lindstrom S.C. & Martone P.T. 2014. Misleading morphologies and the importance of sequencing type specimens for resolving coralline taxonomy (Corallinales, Rhodophyta): Pachyarthron cretaceum is Corallina officinalis. Journal of Phycology 50: 760–764. DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huelsenbeck J.P. & Ronquist F. 2001. MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogeny. Bioinformatics 17: 754–755. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/17.8.754.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krayeky-Self S., Richards J.L., Rahmatian M. & Fredericq S. 2016. Aragonite infill in overgrown conceptacles of coralline Lithothamnion spp. (Hapalidiaceae, Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta): new insights in biomineralization and phylomineralogy. Journal of Phycology 52: 161–173. DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12392.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu L.C., Lin S.M., Caragnano A. & Payri C. 2018. Species diversity and molecular phylogeny of non-geniculate coralline algae (Corallinophycidae, Rhodophyta) from Taoyuan algal reefs in northern Taiwan, including Crustaphytum gen. nov. and three new species. Journal of Applied Phycology 30: 3455–3469. DOI: 10.1007/s10811-018-1620-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maneveldt G.W., Gabrielson P.W. & Kangwe J. 2017. Sporolithon indopacificum sp. nov. (Sporolithales, Rhodophyta) from tropical western Indian and western Pacific Oceans: first report, confirmed by DNA sequence data, of a widely distributed species of Sporolithon. Phytotaxa 326: 115–128. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.326.2.3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maneveldt G.W., Gabrielson P.W., Townsend R.A. & Kangwe J. 2019. Lithophyllum longense (Corallinales, Rhodophyta): a species with a widespread Indian Ocean distribution. Phytotaxa 419: 149–168. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.419.2.2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maneveldt G.W. & Van der Merwe E. 2012. Heydrichia cerasina sp. nov. (Sporolithales, Corallinophycidae, Rhodophyta) from the southernmost tip of Africa. Phycologia 51: 11–21. DOI: 10.2216/11-05.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May D.I. & Woelkerling W.J. 1988. Studies on the genus Synarthrophyton (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) and its type species, S. patena (J.D. Hooker et W.H. Harvey) Townsend. Phycologia 26: 50–71. DOI: 10.2216/i0031-8884-27-1-50.1.
   Google Scholar
• Melbourne L.A., Hernández-Kantún J.J., Russel S. & Brodie J. 2017. There is more to maerl than meets the eye: DNA barcoding reveals a new species in Britain, Lithothamnion erinaceum sp. nov. (Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta). European Journal of Phycology 52: 166–178. DOI: 10.1080/09670262.2016.1269953
   Google Scholar
• Mendoza M.L. & Cabioch J. 1985. Critique et camparaison morphogénétique des genres Clathromorphum et Antarcticophyllum (Rhodophyta, Corallinaceae). Conséquences biogéographiques et systématiques. Cahiers de Biologie Marine 26: 251–266.
   Google Scholar
• Pardo C., Lopez L., Peña V., Hernández-Kantún J. Le Gall L., Bárbara I., & Barreto R. 2014. A multilocus species delimitation reveals a striking number of species of coralline algae forming maerl in the OSPAR maritime area. PLOS ONE 9(8): e104073. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104073.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peña V., Adey W.H., Riosmena-Rodríguez R., Jung M.Y., Afonso-Carrillo J., Choi H.G. & Bárbara I. 2011. Mesophyllum sphaericum sp. nov. (Corallinales, Rhodophyta): a new maerl-forming species from the northeast Atlantic. Journal of Phycology 47: 911–927. DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2011.01015.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peña V., De Clerck O., Afonso-Carrillo J., Ballesteros E., Bárbara I., Barreiro R. & Le Gall L. 2015. An integrative systematic approach to species diversity and distribution in the genus Mesophyllum (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in Atlantic and Mediterranean Europe. European Journal of Phycology 50: 20–36. DOI: 10.1080/09670262.2014.981294.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peña V., Rousseau F., Reviers B. & Le Gall L. 2014. First assessment of the diversity of coralline species forming maerl and rhodoliths in Guadeloupe, Caribbean using an integrative systematic approach. Phytotaxa 190: 190–215. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.190.1.13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards J.L., Sauvage T., Schmidt W.E., Frederiq S., Hughey J.R. & Gabrielson P.W. 2017. The coralline genera Sporolithon and Heydrichia clarified by sequencing type material of their generitypes and other species. Journal of Phycology 53: 1044–1059. DOI: 10.1080/09670262.2014.981294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards J.L., Vieira-Pinto T., Schmidt W.E., Sauvage T., Gabrielson P.W., Oliveira M.C. & Fredericq S. 2016. Molecular and morphological diversity of Lithothamnion spp. (Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta) from deepwater rhodolith beds in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Phytotaxa 278: 81–114. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.278.2.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders G.W. 2005. Applying DNA barcoding to red macroalgae: a preliminary appraisal holds promise for future applications. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 360(1462): 1879–1888. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2005.1719.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Short E. & George A. 2013. A primer of botanical Latin with vocabulary. Cambridge University Press, New York, USA. 339 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Sissini M.N., Oliveira M.C., Gabrielson P.W., Robinson N.M., Okolodkov Y.B., Riosmena-Rodríguez R. & Horta P.A. 2014. Mesophyllum erubescens (Corallinales, Rhodophyta)—so many species in one epithet. Phytotaxa 190: 299–319. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.190.1.18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stamatakis A. 2014. RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30: 1312–1313. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tâmega F.T.S., Riosmena-Rodriguez R., Spotorno-Oliveira P., Mariath R., Khader S. & Figueiredo M.A.O. 2015. Taxonomy and distribution of non-geniculate coralline red algae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) on rocky reefs from Ilha Grande Bay, Brazil. Phytotaxa 192: 267–278. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.192.4.4
   Google Scholar
• Thiers B. 2019 ( continuously updated). Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/; searched on 17 September 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Torrano-Silva B.N., Riosmena-Rodriguez R. & Oliveira M.C. 2014. Systematic position of Paulsilvella in the Lithophylloideae (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) confirmed by molecular data. Phytotaxa 190: 94–111. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.190.1.8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valentin J.L. 1984. Analyse dês paramètres hidrobiologiques dans remontée de Cabo Frio, Brésil. Marine Biology 82: 259–276. DOI:10.1007/BF00392407.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valentin J.L. 2001. The Cabo Frio upwelling system, Brazil. In: Coastal marine ecosystems of Latin America (Ed. by U. Seeliger & B. Kjerfve), pp. 97–105. Springer, Heidelberg, Germany.
   Google Scholar
• Van der Merwe E., Miklasz K., Channing A., Maneveldt G.W. & Gabrielson P.W. 2015. DNA sequencing resolves species of Spongites (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) in the northeast Pacific and South Africa, including S. agulhensis sp. nov. Phycologia 54: 471–490. DOI: 10.2216/15-38.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilks K.M. & Woelkerling W.J. 1994. An account of southern Australian species of Phymatolithon (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta) with comments on Leptophytum. Australian Systematic Botany 7: 183–223. DOI: 10.1071/SB9940183.
   Google Scholar
• Woelkerling W.J. 1988. The coralline red algae: an analysis of the genera and subfamilies of nongeniculate Corallinaceae. British Museum (Natural History) and Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. 268 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Woelkerling W.J. & Irvine L.M. 1986. The neotypification and status of Mesophyllum (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta). Phycologia 25: 379–396. DOI: 10.2216/i0031-8884-25-3-379.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woelkerling W.J. & Harvey A. 1993. An account of southern Australian species of Mesophyllum (Corallinaceae, Rhodophyta). Australian Systematic Botany 6: 571–637. DOI: 10.1071/SB9930571.
   Google Scholar
• Yoneshigue Y. 1985. Taxonomie et ecologie des algues marines dans la region de Cabo Frio (Rio de Janeiro, Bresil). PhD thesis. Université d’Aix Marseille, Marseille, France. 466 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Yoneshigue Y. & Valentin J.L. 1992. Macroalgae of the Cabo Frio, upwelling region, Brazil: ordination of communities. In: Coastal plant communities of Latin America (Ed. by U. Seeliger), pp. 31–50. Academic Press, San Diego, California, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Yoon H.S., Hackett J. & Bhattacharya D. 2002. A single origin of the peridinin- and fucoxanthin-containing plastids in dinoflagellates through tertiary endosymbiosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99: 11724–11729. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.172234799.
   Google Scholar