A study on some phytochemicals in Arthrospira platensis MGH-1 fortified with calcium and magnesium

REFERENCES

• Aebi, H. (1984). Catalase in vitro. In R. B. Stockbridge (Ed.), Methods in enzymology (pp. 121–126). Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Alipour Kakroudi, A., Rahaiee, S., Rajaei Litkohi, H., & Ghanbari Hassan Kiadeh, S. (2021). Comparison of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of various herbal essential oils: An in vitro study. Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, 28, 322–334. http://dx.doi.org/10.32592/JBirjandUnivMedSci.2021.28.4.101
   Google Scholar
• Ayed, H. B. A. –. B., Taidi, B., Ayadi, H., Pareau, D., & Stambouli, M. (2016). Magnesium uptake by the green microalga Chlorella vulgaris in batch cultures. Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology, 26, 503–510. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1507.07039
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailey, R. L., West, K. P., Jr., & Black, R. E. (2015). The epidemiology of global micronutrient deficiencies. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 66, 22–33. https://doi.org/10.1159/000371618
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beto, J. A. (2015). The role of calcium in human aging. Clinical Nutrition Research, 4, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.7762/cnr.2015.4.1.1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bolouri‐Moghaddam, M. R., Le Roy, K., Xiang, L., Rolland, F., & Van den Ende, W. (2010). Sugar signalling and antioxidant network connections in plant cells. The FEBS Journal, 277, 2022–2037. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07633.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradford, M. M. (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry, 72, 248–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chamovitz, D., Sandmann, G., & Hirschberg, J. (1993). Molecular and biochemical characterization of herbicide-resistant mutants of cyanobacteria reveals that phytoene desaturation is a rate-limiting step in carotenoid biosynthesis. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 268, 17348–17353. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)85341-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dai, Z. W., Meddar, M., Renaud, C., Merlin, I., Hilbert, G., Delrot, S., & Gomès, E. (2013). Long-term in vitro culture of grape berries and its application to assess the effects of sugar supply on anthocyanin accumulation. Journal of Experimental Botany, 65, 4665–4677. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ert489
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debelius, B., Forja, J. M., DelValls, Á., & Lubián, L. M. (2009). Toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper and lead in five marine microalgae. Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety, 72, 1503–1513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.04.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demmig-Adams, B., & Adams, W. W. (1996). The role of xanthophyll cycle carotenoids in the protection of photosynthesis. Trends in Plant Science, 1, 21–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(96)80019-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolatabadian, A., Sanavy, S. A. M. M., Gholamhoseini, M., Joghan, A. K., Majdi, M., & Kashkooli, A. B. (2013). The role of calcium in improving photosynthesis and related physiological and biochemical attributes of spring wheat subjected to simulated acid rain. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 19, 189–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-013-0165-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubois, M., Gilles, K., Hamilton, J., Rebers, P., & Smith, F. (1951). A colorimetric method for the determination of sugars. Nature, 168, 167. https://doi.org/10.1038/168167a0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duong, V. T., Thomas-Hall, S. R., & Schenk, P. M. (2015). Growth and lipid accumulation of microalgae from fluctuating brackish and sea water locations in South East Queensland—Australia. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6, Article 136796. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00359
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dyal, S. D., Bouzidi, L., & Narine, S. S. (2005). Maximizing the production of γ-linolenic acid in Mortierella ramanniana var. ramanniana as a function of pH, temperature and carbon source, nitrogen source, metal ions and oil supplementation. Food Research International, 38, 815–829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2005.04.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ermis, H., Guven-Gulhan, U., Cakir, T., & Altinbas, M. (2020). Effect of iron and magnesium addition on population dynamics and high value product of microalgae grown in anaerobic liquid digestate. Scientific Reports, 10, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56847-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falquet, J., & Hurni, J. P. (1997). The nutritional aspects of Spirulina. Antenna Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Galani, Y., Orfila, C., & Gong, Y. (2022). A review of micronutrient deficiencies and analysis of maize contribution to nutrient requirements of women and children in Eastern and Southern Africa. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62, 1568–1591. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2020.1844636
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghanbari, H. K. S., Rahaiee, S., Azizi, H., & Govahi, M. (2021). Evaluation of biological activities of raw and cooked Brassica oleracea sprout extracts rich in bioactive compound Sulforaphane. Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, 28, 236–247. http://dx.doi.org/10.32592/JBirjandUnivMedSci.2021.28.3.102
   Google Scholar
• Ghanbarzadeh, M., Moazami, N., Shahavi, M. H., & Mirdamadi, S. (2022). Study of bioactive compounds in Arthrospira platensis MGH-1 fortified with micronutrients of iron, zinc, and manganese. Journal of Applied Phycology, 34, 2449–2462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-022-02797-w
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghosh, S., Bheri, M., Bisht, D., & Pandey, G. K. (2022). Calcium signaling and transport machinery: Potential for development of stress tolerance in plants. Current Plant Biology, 29, Article 100235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpb.2022.100235
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giannopolitis, C. N., & Ries, S. K. (1977). Superoxide dismutases: I. Occurrence in higher plants. Plant Physiology, 59, 309–314. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.59.2.309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorain, P. C., Bagchi, S. K., & Mallick, N. (2013). Effects of calcium, magnesium and sodium chloride in enhancing lipid accumulation in two green microalgae. Environmental Technology, 34, 1887–1894. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2013.812668
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guan, W., Zhao, H., Lu, X., Wang, C., Yang, M., & Bai, F. (2011). Quantitative analysis of fatty-acid-based biofuels produced by wild-type and genetically engineered cyanobacteria by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1218, 8289–8293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.043
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han, P., Li, J., Zhong, H., Xie, J., Zhang, P., Lu, Q., Li, J., Xu, P., Chen, P., Leng, L., & Zhou, W. (2021). Anti-oxidation properties and therapeutic potentials of Spirulina. Algal Research, 55, 102240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2021.102240
   Google Scholar
• Hanifzadeh, M., Garcia, E. C., & Viamajala, S. (2018). Production of lipid and carbohydrate from microalgae without compromising biomass productivities: Role of Ca and Mg. Renewable Energy, 127, 989–997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.05.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hans, K. B., & Jana, T. (2018). Micronutrients in the life cycle: Requirements and sufficient supply. NFS Journal, 11, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nfs.2018.03.001
   Google Scholar
• Havaux, M. (2014). Carotenoid oxidation products as stress signals in plants. The Plant Journal, 79, 597–606. https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.12386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, Y., Gao, J., Wang, T., Liu, C., & Luo, R. (2020). The association between prenatal micronutrient supplementation and early development of children under age two: Evidence from rural Guizhou, China. Children and Youth Services Review, 112, Article 104929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104929
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hochmal, A. K., Schulze, S., Trompelt, K., & Hippler, M. (2015). Calcium-dependent regulation of photosynthesis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Bioenergetics, 1847, 993–1003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.02.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosseini, S. A., Réthoré, E., Pluchon, S., Ali, N., Billiot, B., & Yvin, J.-C. (2019). Calcium application enhances drought stress tolerance in sugar beet and promotes plant biomass and beetroot sucrose concentration. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20, Article 3777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153777
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katiyar, R., & Arora, A. (2020). Health promoting functional lipids from microalgae pool: A review. Algal Research, 46, Article 101800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2020.101800
   Google Scholar
• Larrosa, A. P. Q., Camara, Á. S., Pohndorf, R. S., da Rocha, S. F., & Pinto, L. A. D. A. (2018). Physicochemical, biochemical, and thermal properties of Arthrospira (Spirulina) biomass dried in spouted bed at different conditions. Journal of Applied Phycology, 30, 1019–1029. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-017-1265-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leganés, F., Sanchez-Maeso, E., & Fernández-Valiente, E. (1987). Effect of indoleacetic acid on growth and dinitrogen fixation in cyanobacteria. Plant and Cell Physiology, 28, 529–533. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a077324
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leong, Y. K., & Chang, J.-S. (2020). Bioremediation of heavy metals using microalgae: Recent advances and mechanisms. Bioresource Technology, 303, 122886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122886
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Z. Y., Guo, S. Y., & Li, L. (2003). Bioeffects of selenite on the growth of Spirulina platensis and its biotransformation. Bioresource Technology, 89, 171–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00041-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, S., & Chacko, S. A. (2013). Dietary Mg intake and biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Magnesium in Human Health and Disease, 35–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-044-1_2
   Google Scholar
• Luo, S., Luo, T., Peng, P., Li, Y., & Li, X. (2016). Disturbance of chlorophyll biosynthesis at Mg branch affects the chloroplast ROS homeostasis and Ca2+ signaling in Pisum sativum. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 127, 729–737. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-016-1008-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, Y., Wang, P., Gu, Z., Tao, Y., Shen, C., Zhou, Y., Han, Y., & Yang, R. (2019). Ca2+ involved in GABA signal transduction for phenolics accumulation in germinated hulless barley under NaCl stress. Food Chemistry: X, 2, 100023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2019.100023
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mane, P., & Bhosle, A. (2012). Bioremoval of some metals by living algae Spirogyra sp. and Spirulina sp. from aqueous solution. International Journal of Environmental Research, 6, 571–576. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijer.2012.527
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maoka, T. (2020). Carotenoids as natural functional pigments. Journal of Natural Medicines, 74, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-019-01364-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marker, A. (1972). The use of acetone and methanol in the estimation of chlorophyll in the presence of phaeophytin. Freshwater Biology, 2, 361–385. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1972.tb00377.x
   Google Scholar
• Masuda, K., & Chitundu, M. (2019). Multiple micronutrient supplementation using spirulina platensis and infant growth, morbidity, and motor development: Evidence from a randomized trial in Zambia. PLOS ONE, 14, e0211693. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211693
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matamoros, M. A., Dalton, D. A., Ramos, J., Clemente, M. R., Rubio, M. C., & Becana, M. (2003). Biochemistry and molecular biology of antioxidants in the rhizobia-legume symbiosis. Plant Physiology, 133, 499–509. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.103.025619
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michalak, A. (2006). Phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity in plants growing under heavy metal stress. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mishra, V. K., Bacheti, R., & Husen, A. (2011). Medicinal uses of chlorophyll: A critical overview. Chlorophyll: Structure, Function and Medicinal Uses, 177–196.
   Google Scholar
• Molnar, S., Kiss, A., Virág, D., & Forgó, P. (2013). Comparative studies on accumulation of selected microelements by Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris with the prospects of functional food development. Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology, 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2157-7048.1000172
   Google Scholar
• Muhid, F., Nawi, W., Kader, A. J. A., Yusoff, W. M. W., & Hamid, A. A. (2008). Effects of metal ion concentrations on lipid and gamma linolenic acid production by Cunninghamella sp. 2A1. Online Journal of Biological Sciences, 8, 62–67. https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2008.62.67
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen, F. H. (2015). Importance of plant sources of magnesium for human health. Crop and Pasture Science, 66, 1259–1264. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP15072
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandey, K. B., & Rizvi, S. I. (2009). Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in human health and disease. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2, 270–278. https://doi.org/10.4161/oxim.2.5.9498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips, A. A. M., Zlotkin, S. H., Baxter, J.-A. B., Martinuzzi, F., Kadria, T., & Roth, D. E. (2014). Design and development of a combined calcium—iron—folic acid prenatal supplement to support implementation of the New World Health Organization recommendations for calcium supplementation during pregnancy. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 35, 221–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/156482651403500209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pritwani, R., & Mathur, P. (2015). Strategies to combat micronutrient deficiencies: A review. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 5, 362–373.
   Google Scholar
• Ruiz, J. M., Rivero, R. M., Lopez-Cantarero, I., & Romero, L. (2003). Role of Ca2+ in the metabolism of phenolic compounds in tobacco leaves (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Plant Growth Regulation, 41, 173–177. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1027358423187
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi, J., Wu, Z., & Song, L. R. (2013). Physiological and molecular responses to calcium supplementation in Microcystis aeruginosa (Cyanobacteria). New Zealand Journal of Marine & Freshwater Research, 47, 51–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288330.2012.741067
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Souza, C. O., Teixeira, A. A., Lima, E. A., Batatinha, H. A., Gomes, L. M., Carvalho-Silva, M., Mota, I. T., Streck, E. L., Hirabara, S. M., & Neto, J. C. R. (2014). Palmitoleic acid (N-7) attenuates the immunometabolic disturbances caused by a high-fat diet independently of PPARα. Mediators of Inflammation, 2014, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/582197
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suliburska, J., Szulińska, M., Tinkov, A., & Bogdański, P. (2016). Effect of Spirulina maxima supplementation on calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc status in obese patients with treated hypertension. Biological Trace Element Research, 173, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0623-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trabelsi, N., Megdiche, W., Ksouri, R., Falleh, H., Oueslati, S., Soumaya, B., Hajlaoui, H., & Abdelly, C. (2010). Solvent effects on phenolic contents and biological activities of the halophyte Limoniastrum monopetalum leaves. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 43, 632–639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2009.11.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trumbo, P., Yates, A. A., Schlicker, S., & Poos, M. (2001). Dietary reference intakes. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 101, 294. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(01)00078-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan-Feng, X., Ling, L., Zhao-Pu, L., Mehta, S., & Geng-Mao, Z. (2008). Protective role of Ca against NaCl toxicity in Jerusalem artichoke by up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes. Pedosphere, 18, 766–774. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(08)60072-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zarrouk, C. (1966). Contribution a l’etude d’une cyanobacterie: Influence de divers facteurs physiques et chimiques sur la croissance et la photosynthese de Spirulina maxima (Setchell et Gardner) Geitler. University of Paris.
   Google Scholar
• Zheng, J., & Gao, Y. (2009). A novel method to bioaccumulate calcium in Spirulina. In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (pp. 1–4). IEEE.
   Google Scholar