Household Food Shopping Locations Beyond Residential Neighborhoods: An Exploratory Study Using a GPS-Based Household Survey

Literature Cited

• Apparicio, P., M. S. Cloutier, and R. Shearmur. 2007. The case of Montreal's missing food deserts: Evaluation of accessibility to food supermarkets. International Journal of Health Geographics 6 (1):4–13. doi: 10.1186/1476-072X-6-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auchincloss, A. H., J. Li, K. A. Moore, M. Franco, M. S. Mujahid, and L. V. Moore. 2021. Are neighborhood restaurants related to frequency of restaurant meals and dietary quality? Prevalence and changes over time in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Public Health Nutrition 24 (14):4630–41. doi: 10.1017/S1368980021002196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bao, K. Y., and D. Tong. 2017. The effects of spatial scale and aggregation on food access assessment: A case study of Tucson, Arizona. The Professional Geographer 69 (3):337–47. doi: 10.1080/00330124.2016.1252271.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernsdorf, K. A., C. J. Lau, A. H. Andreasen, U. Toft, M. Lykke, and C. Glumer. 2017. Accessibility of fast food outlets is associated with fast food intake: A study in the capital region of Denmark. Health & Place 48:102–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bivoltsis, A., E. Cervigni, G. Trapp, M. Knuiman, P. Hooper, and G. L. Ambrosini. 2018. Food environments and dietary intakes among adults: Does the type of spatial exposure measurement matter? A systematic review. International Journal of Health Geographics 17 (1):1–20. doi: 10.1186/s12942-018-0139-7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bower, K. M., R. J. Thorpe, Jr., C. Rohde, and D. J. Gaskin. 2014. The intersection of neighborhood racial segregation, poverty, and urbanicity and its impact on food store availability in the United States. Preventive Medicine 58:33–39. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.10.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cannuscio, C. C., A. Hillier, A. Karpyn, and K. Glanz. 2014. The social dynamics of healthy food shopping and store choice in an urban environment. Social Science & Medicine 122:13–20. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.10.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cetateanu, A., and A. Jones. 2016. How can GPS technology help us better understand exposure to the food environment? A systematic review. SSM - Population Health 2:196–205. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.04.001.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chaix, B., Y. Kestens, C. Perchoux, N. Karusisi, J. Merlo, and K. Labadi. 2012. An interactive mapping tool to assess individual mobility patterns in neighborhood studies. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 43 (4):440–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaix, B., J. Meline, S. Duncan, C. Merrien, N. Karusisi, C. Perchoux, A. Lewin, K. Labadi, and Y. Kestens. 2013. GPS tracking in neighborhood and health studies: A step forward for environmental exposure assessment, a step backward for causal inference? Health & Place 21:46–51. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2013.01.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaix, B., C. Simon, H. Charreire, F. Thomas, Y. Kestens, N. Karusisi, J. Vallée, J. M. Oppert, C. Weber, and B. Pannier. 2014. The environmental correlates of overall and neighborhood based recreational walking (a cross-sectional analysis of the RECORD study). International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 11 (1):20. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-11-20.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen, X. 2019. Enhancing the two-step floating catchment area model for community food access mapping: Case of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. The Professional Geographer 71 (4):668–80. doi: 10.1080/00330124.2019.1578978.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, X., and M. P. Kwan. 2015. Contextual uncertainties, human mobility, and perceived food environment: The uncertain geographic context problem in food access research. American Journal of Public Health 105 (9):1734–37. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302792.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christian, W. J. 2012. Using geospatial technologies to explore activity-based retail food environments. Spatial and Spatio-Temporal Epidemiology 3 (4):287–95.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clary, C., S. A. Matthews, and Y. Kestens. 2017. Between exposure, access and use: Reconsidering foodscape influences on dietary behaviours. Health & Place 44:1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.12.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford, T., S. Pitts, J. McGuirt, T. Keyserling, and A. Ammerman. 2014. Conceptualizing and comparing neighborhood and activity space measures for food environment research. Health & Place 30:215–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cummins, S. 2007. Commentary: Investigating neighbourhood effects on health—Avoiding the “local trap”. International Journal of Epidemiology 36 (2):355–57. doi: 10.1093/ije/dym033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dangerfield, F., K. Ball, V. Dickson-Swift, and L. E. Thornton. 2021. Understanding regional food environments: A qualitative exploration of food purchasing behaviour. Health & Place 71:102652.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiSantis, K. I., A. Hillier, R. Holaday, and S. Kumanyika. 2016. Why do you shop there? A mixed methods study mapping household food shopping patterns onto weekly routines of black women. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 13 (1):11. doi: 10.1186/s12966-016-0333-6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dornelles, A. 2019. Impact of multiple food environments on body mass index. PLoS ONE 14 (8):e0219365. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219365.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eckert, J., and I. Vojnovic. 2017. Fast food landscapes: Exploring restaurant choice and travel behavior for residents living in lower eastside Detroit neighborhoods. Applied Geography 89:41–51. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2017.09.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frank, L., J. Kerr, B. Saelens, J. Sallis, K. Glanz, and J. Chapman. 2009. Food outlet visits, physical activity and body weight: Variations by gender and race–ethnicity. British Journal of Sports Medicine 43 (2):124–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frank, L. D., T. L. Schmid, J. F. Sallis, J. Chapman, and B. E. Saelens. 2005. Linking objectively measured physical activity with objectively measured urban form: Findings from SMARTRAQ. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 28 (Suppl. 2):117–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gesler, W., and D. Albert. 2000. How spatial analysis can be used in medical geography. InSpatial analysis, GIS and remote sensing applications in the health sciences, ed. D. Albert, W. Gesler, and B. Levergood, 11–38. Boca Raton, FL: CRC.
   Google Scholar
• Grow, H. M. G., A. J. Cook, D. E. Arterburn, B. E. Saelens, A. Drewnowski, and P. Lozano. 2010. Child obesity associated with social disadvantage of children’s neighborhoods. Social Science & Medicine 71 (3):584–91. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.04.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hägerstrand, T. 1970. What about people in regional science? Papers in Regional Science 24 (1):7–24. doi: 10.1111/j.1435-5597.1970.tb01464.x.
   Google Scholar
• Helbich, M., B. Schadenberg, J. Hagenauer, and M. Poelman. 2017. Food deserts? Healthy food access in Amsterdam. Applied Geography 83:1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2017.02.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillier, A., C. Cannuscio, A. Karpyn, J. McLaughlin, M. Chilton, and K. Glanz. 2011. How far do low-income parents travel to shop for food? Empirical evidence from two urban neighborhoods. Urban Geography 32 (5):712–29. doi: 10.2747/0272-3638.32.5.712.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillier, A., T. Smith, C. C. Cannuscio, A. Karpyn, and K. Glanz. 2015. A discrete choice approach to modeling food store access. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 42 (2):263–78. doi: 10.1068/b39136.
   Google Scholar
• Hirsch, J. A., and A. Hillier. 2013. Exploring the role of the food environment on food shopping patterns in Philadelphia, PA, USA: A semiquantitative comparison of two matched neighborhood groups. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 10 (1):295–313. doi: 10.3390/ijerph10010295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holliday, K. M., A. G. Howard, M. Emch, D. A. Rodríguez, and K. R. Evenson. 2017. Are buffers around home representative of physical activity spaces among adults? Health & Place 45:181–88. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.03.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inagami, S., D. A. Cohen, B. K. Finch, and S. M. Asch. 2006. You are where you shop: Grocery store locations, weight, and neighborhoods. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 31 (1):10–17. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2006.03.019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerr, J., L. Frank, J. F. Sallis, B. Saelens, K. Glanz, and J. Chapman. 2012. Predictors of trips to food destinations. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 9 (1):58. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-58.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kestens, Y., A. Lebel, M. Daniel, M. Thériault, and R. Pampalon. 2010. Using experienced activity spaces to measure foodscape exposure. Health & Place 16 (6):1094–1103. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.06.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwan, M. P. 2012a. How GIS can help address the uncertain geographic context problem in social science research. Annals of GIS 18 (4):245–55. doi: 10.1080/19475683.2012.727867.
   Google Scholar
• Kwan, M. P. 2012b. The uncertain geographic context problem. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 102 (5):958–68. doi: 10.1080/00045608.2012.687349.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamichhane, A. P., J. Warren, R. Puett, D. E. Porter, M. Bottai, E. J. Mayer-Davis, and A. D. Liese. 2013. Spatial patterning of supermarkets and fast food outlets with respect to neighborhood characteristics. Health & Place 23:157–64. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2013.07.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laska, M. N., D. J. Graham, S. G. Moe, and D. Van Riper. 2010. Young adult eating and food-purchasing patterns: Food store location and residential proximity. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 39 (5):464–67. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.07.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, G., and H. Lim. 2009. A spatial statistical approach to identifying areas with poor access to grocery foods in the city of Buffalo, New York. Urban Studies 46 (7):1299–1315. doi: 10.1177/0042098009104567.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, F., P. Harmer, B. J. Cardinal, M. Bosworth, and D. Johnson-Shelton. 2009. Obesity and the built environment: Does the density of neighborhood fast-food outlets matter? American Journal of Health Promotion 23 (3):203–09.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., and C. Kim. 2018. Measuring individuals’ spatial access to healthy foods by incorporating mobility, time, and mode: Activity space measures. The Professional Geographer 70 (2):198–208. doi: 10.1080/00330124.2017.1338591.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., and C. Kim. 2020. Exploring relationships of grocery shopping patterns and healthy food accessibility in residential neighborhoods and activity space. Applied Geography 116:102169. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2020.102169.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., C. Kim, and S. Sang. 2018. Exploring impacts of land use characteristics in residential neighborhood and activity space on non-work travel behaviors. Journal of Transport Geography 70 (C):141–47. doi: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.06.001.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, J. L., B. Han, and D. A. Cohen. 2015. Beyond neighborhood food environments: Distance traveled to food establishments in 5 US cities, 2009–2011. Preventing Chronic Disease 12:150065. doi: 10.5888/pcd12.150065.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, X., A. D. Liese, J. Hibbert, B. A. Bell, S. Wilcox, and P. A. Sharpe. 2017. The association between food security and store-specific and overall food shopping behaviors. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 117 (12):1931–40. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.02.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, X., P. A. Sharpe, B. A. Bell, J. Liu, K. White, and A. D. Liese. 2018. Food acquisition and shopping patterns among residents of low-income and low-access communities in South Carolina. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 118 (10):1844–54. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.04.017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mooney, S. J., R. N. Lemaitre, D. S. Siscovick, P. Hurvitz, C. E. Goh, T. K. Kaufman, G. Zulaika, D. M. Sheehan, N. Sotoodehnia, and G. S. Lovasi. 2018. Neighborhood food environment, dietary fatty acid biomarkers, and cardiac arrest risk. Health & Place 53:128–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, L. V., and A. V. Diez Roux. 2006. Associations of neighborhood characteristics with the location and type of food stores. American Journal of Public Health 96 (2):325–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohio Department of Transportation. 2012. GPS-based household interview survey for the Cincinnati, Ohio Region. Columbus: Ohio Department of Transportation.
   Google Scholar
• Perchoux, C., B. Chaix, R. Brondeel, and Y. Kestens. 2016. Residential buffer, perceived neighborhood, and individual activity space: New refinements in the definition of exposure areas: The RECORD Cohort Study. Health & Place 40:116–22. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.05.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perchoux, C., Y. Kestens, R. Brondeel, and B. Chaix. 2015. Accounting for the daily locations visited in the study of the built environment correlates of recreational walking (the RECORD cohort study). Preventive Medicine 81:142–49. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.08.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravensbergen, L., R. Buliung, K. Wilson, and G. Faulkner. 2016. Socioeconomic inequalities in children’s accessibility to food retailing: Examining the roles of mobility and time. Social Science & Medicine 153:81–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadler, R. C., A. F. Clark, P. Wilk, C. Connor, and J. A. Gilliland. 2016. Using GPS and activity tracking to reveal the influence of adolescents’ food environment exposure on junk food purchasing. Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Sante Publique 107 (Suppl. 1):5346. doi: 10.17269/cjph.107.5346.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sadler, R. C., and J. A. Gilliland. 2015. Comparing children’s GPS tracks with geospatial proxies for exposure to junk food. Spatial and Spatio-Temporal Epidemiology 14:55–61. doi: 10.1016/j.sste.2015.09.001.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sadler, R. C., A. N. Sanders-Jackson, J. Introne, and R. Adams. 2019. A method for assessing links between objectively measured food store scores and store & neighborhood favorability. International Journal of Health Geographics 18 (1):1–12. doi: 10.1186/s12942-019-0195-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salze, P., A. Banos, J. M. Oppert, H. Charreire, R. Casey, C. Simon, B. Chaix, D. Badariotti, and C. Weber. 2011. Estimating spatial accessibility to facilities on the regional scale: An extended commuting-based interaction potential model. International Journal of Health Geographics 10 (1):2–16. doi: 10.1186/1476-072X-10-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shannon, J., and W. Christian. 2017. What is the relationship between food shopping and daily mobility? A relational approach to analysis of food access. GeoJournal 82 (4):769–85. doi: 10.1007/s10708-016-9716-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shearer, C., D. Rainham, C. Blanchard, T. Dummer, R. Lyons, and S. Kirk. 2015. Measuring food availability and accessibility among adolescents: Moving beyond the neighbourhood boundary. Social Science & Medicine 133:322–30. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.11.019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherman, J. E., J. Spencer, J. S. Preisser, W. M. Gesler, and T. A. Arcury. 2005. A suite of methods for representing activity space in a healthcare accessibility study. International Journal of Health Geographics 4 (1):1–21. doi: 10.1186/1476-072X-4-24.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stern, D., W. R. Robinson, S. W. Ng, P. Gordon-Larsen, and B. M. Popkin. 2015. US household food shopping patterns: Dynamic shifts since 2000 and socioeconomic predictors. Health Affairs (Project Hope) 34 (11):1840–8. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0449.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). 2018. Where can I use SNAP EBT? Accessed November 12, 2018. https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/retailerlocator.
   Google Scholar
• Tenkanen, H., P. Saarsalmi, O. Järv, M. Salonen, and T. Toivonen. 2016. Health research needs more comprehensive accessibility measures: Integrating time and transport modes from open data. International Journal of Health Geographics 15 (1):23. doi: 10.1186/s12942-016-0052-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson, C., S. Cummins, T. Brown, and R. Kyle. 2013. Understanding interactions with the food environment: An exploration of supermarket food shopping routines in deprived neighbourhoods. Health & Place 19:116–23. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.10.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thornton, L. E., D. A. Crawford, K. E. Lamb, and K. Ball. 2017. Where do people purchase food? A novel approach to investigating food purchasing locations. International Journal of Health Geographics 16 (1):9. doi: 10.1186/s12942-017-0082-z.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thornton, L. E., K. E. Lamb, and K. Ball. 2013. Employment status, residential and workplace food environments: Associations with women’s eating behaviours. Health & Place 24:80–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Census. 2010. American Community Survey. Accessed May 21, 2020. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/data.html.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Census Bureau. 2017. TIGER/Line shapefiles: Roads. Accessed March 5, 2018. https://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles/index.php.
   Google Scholar
• Walker, R., C. Keane, and J. Burke. 2010. Disparities and access to healthy food in the United States: A review of food deserts literature. Health & Place 16 (5):876–84. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.04.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Widener, M. J. 2017. Comparing measures of accessibility to urban supermarkets for transit and auto users. The Professional Geographer 69 (3):362–71. doi: 10.1080/00330124.2016.1237293.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Widener, M., S. Farber, T. Neutens, and M. Horner. 2013. Using urban commuting data to calculate a spatiotemporal accessibility measure for food environment studies. Health & Place 21:1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Widener, M., L. Minaker, J. Reid, Z. Patterson, T. Ahmadi, and D. Hammond. 2018. Activity space-based measures of the food environment and their relationships to food purchasing behaviours for young urban adults in Canada. Public Health Nutrition 21 (11):2103–16. doi: 10.1017/S1368980018000435.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zenk, S. N., A. J. Schulz, S. A. Matthews, A. Odoms-Young, J. Wilbur, L. Wegrzyn, K. Gibbs, C. C. Braunschweig, and C. Stokes. 2011. Activity space environment and dietary and physical activity behaviors: A pilot study. Health & Place 17 (5):1150–61. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.05.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, J., and L. Mao. 2019. Integrating multiple transportation modes into measures of spatial food accessibility. Journal of Transport & Health 13:1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.jth.2019.03.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar