The Intergenerational Transmission of Holocaust Trauma: A Psychoanalytic Theory Revisited

REFERENCES

• Adelman, A. (1995). Traumatic memory, intergenerational transmission of Holocaust narratives. Psychoanal. St. Child, 50:343–367.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Antonovsky, A., Maoz, B., Dowty, N., & Wijsenbeek, H. (1971). Twenty-five years later: A limited study of sequelae of the concentration camp experience. Social Psychiatry, 6(4):186–193.
   Google Scholar
• Appy, G. (1995). The meaning of “Auschwitz” today: Clinical reflections about the depletion of a destructive symbol. In Persistent Shadows of the Holocaust, ed. R. Moses. Madison, CT: International University Press. pp. 3–28.
   Google Scholar
• Auerhahn, N. (2013). Evolution of traumatic narratives: Impact of the Holocaust on children of survivors. Psychoanal. St. Child, 67:215–246.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auerhahn, N. & Laub, D., (1984). Annihilation and restoration: Post-traumatic memory as pathway and obstacle to recovery. Int. Rev. Psychoanal., 11:327–344.
   Google Scholar
• Auerhahn, N. & Laub, D. (1998). The primal scene of atrocity. The dynamic interplay between knowledge and fantasy of the Holocaust in children of survivors. Psychoanal. Psychology, 15:360–377.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auerhahn, N., Laub, D., & Peskin, H. (1993). Psychotherapy with Holocaust survivors. Psychotherapy, 30:434–442.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auerhahn, N. & Peskin, H. (2003). Action knowledge, acknowledgement, and interpretive action in work with Holocaust survivors. Psychoanal. Q., 72:616–655.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auerhahn, N. & Prelinger, E. (1983). Repetition in the concentration camp survivor and her child. Int. Rev. Psychoanal., 10:31–46.
   Google Scholar
• Barocas, H. (1975). Children of purgatory: reflections on the concentration camp syndrome. Int. J. Social Psychiatry. 21:87–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barocas, H. & Barocas, C. (1979). Wounds of the fathers: the next generation of Holocaust victims. Int. Rev. Psychoanal., 6:330–340.
   Google Scholar
• Baron, l. Reznikoff, M. & Glenwick, D. (1993). Narcissism, interpersonal adjustment, and coping in children of Holocaust survivors. J. Interdisciplinary and Applied Psychology, 127:257–269.
   Google Scholar
• Behm, A. (2007). Being German: Reflections on my work with holocaust survivors. Psychoanal. Perspect., 5(1):135–140.
   Google Scholar
• Berger, A. (1995). The Holocaust, second-generation witness and the voluntary covenant in American Judaism. Religion and Amer. Cult., 5:23–47.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berger, J. (1999). After the End: Representations of Post–Apocalypse. Minneapolis, MN: Univ. of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bergmann, M. (1982). Recurrent problems in the treatment of survivors and their children. In Generations of the Holocaust, eds. M. Bergmann & M. Jucovy. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. pp. 247–267.
   Google Scholar
• Bergmann, M. (1983). Therapeutic issues in the treatment of Holocaust survivors and their children. Amer. J. Social Psychiatry, 3:21–23.
   Google Scholar
• Bergmann, M. (1985). Reflections on the psychological and social function of remembering the Holocaust. Psychoanal. In., 5:9–20.
   Google Scholar
• Blum, H. P. (2007). Holocaust trauma reconstructed: Individual, familial, and social trauma. Psychoanal. Psychology, 24(1):63–73
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bodenstab, J. (2004). Under the siege: A mother-daughter relationship survives the Holocaust. Psychoanal. In., 24(5):731–751.
   Google Scholar
• Brenner, C. (2003). Commentary on Ilany Kogan’s “On being a dead and beloved child.” Psychoanal. Q., 2:767–776.
   Google Scholar
• Brody, S. (1973). The child of a refugee. Psychoanal. S. Child, 28:169–191.
   Google Scholar
• Brown E. M (2007). A child survivor of the Holocaust comes out of hiding. Two stories of trauma. Psychoanal. Perspectives 4(2):51–75.
   Google Scholar
• Eissler, K. (1967). Perverted psychiatry? Amer. J. Psychiatry, 123:1352–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellman, P. (2013). Facing the pain: Learning from the power of witnessing the Holocaust. Int. J. Psychoanal., 94(6):1185–1189.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fackenheim., E., Steiner., G., Popkin, R., & Weisel, E., (1967). Jewish Values in the Post-Holocaust Future. A Symposium.
   Google Scholar
• Faimberg, H. (1988). The telescoping of generation: genealogy of certain identifications. Contemp. Psychoanal., 24:99–117.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Felsen, I. & Erlich, H. S. (1990). Identification patterns of offspring of Holocaust survivors with their parents. Amer. J. Orthopsychiatry, 60(4):506–520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferro, A. (2003) Commentary on Ilany Kogan’s “On being a dead and beloved child.” Psychoanal. Q., 52:777–783.
   Google Scholar
• Fresco, N. (1984). Remembering the unknown. Int. Rev. Psychoanal., ll:417–427.
   Google Scholar
• Furman, E. (1956). An ego disturbance in a young child. Psychoanal. S. Child. 11:312–335.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furman, E. (1973). The impact of Nazi concentration camps on the children of survivors. In The Child in his Family, Vol 2: The Impact of Disease and Death, eds. E. J. Anthony & C. Koupernick. New York: Wiley. pp. 379–384.
   Google Scholar
• Gampel, Y. (1982). A daughter of silence. In Generations of the Holocaust, eds. M. Bergmann, & M. Jucovy. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. pp. 120–136.
   Google Scholar
• Gampel, Y. (1992). Thoughts about the transmission of conscious and unconscious knowledge in the generation born after the Shoah. J. Social Work and Policy in Israel, 5:43–50.
   Google Scholar
• Garwood, A. (1996) The Holocaust and the power of powerlessness: Survivor guilt an unhealed wound. British J. Psychotherapy, 13(2):243–258.
   Google Scholar
• Gee, J.P. (1999). Discourse Analysis, Theory and method. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Gergen, K. (1991). The Saturated Self. New York: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Gerson, S. (2009). When the third is dead: Memory, mourning, and witnessing in the aftermath of the Holocaust. Int. J. Psychoanal., 90(6):1341–1357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorden, C. (2011). Time is on my side: The intergenerational transmission of unmourned trauma and its impact on agency, narrative, and time. Contemp. Psychoanal., 47(3):364–385.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grünberg, K., (2007). Contaminated generativity: Holocaust survivors and their children in Germany. Amer. J. Psychoanal., 67(1):82–96.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grubrich-Simitis, I. (1981). Extreme traumatization as cumulative trauma: Psychoanalytic investigations of the effects of concentration camp experiences on survivors and their children. Psychoanal. S. Child, 36:415–450.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grubrich-Simitis, I. (1984). From concretism to metaphor: thoughts on some theoretical and technical aspects of the psychoanalytic work with children of Holocaust survivors. Psychoanal. S. Child, 39:301–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grubrich-Simitis, I. (2010). Reality testing in place of interpretation. a phase in psychoanalytic work with descendants of Holocaust survivors. Psychoanal. Q., 79(1):37–69.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg, J. (1996). Psychoanalytic words and psychoanalytic acts-a brief history. Contemp. Psychoanal., 32:195–211.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guntrip, H. (1975). My experience of analysis with Fairbairn And Winnicott. Int. J. Psychoanal., 77:739–754.
   Google Scholar
• Haesler, Y. (1981). Modes of transgenerational transmission of the trauma of Nazi persecution and their appearance in treatment. J. Social Work Policy in Israel., 5-6:51–60.
   Google Scholar
• Hamburger, A. (2015). Refracted attunement, affective resonance: scenic-narrative microanalysis of entangled presence in a Holocaust survivor's testimony. Contemp. Psychoanal., 51(2):239–257.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herzog, J. (1982). World beyond metaphor: thoughts on the transmission of trauma. In Generations of the Holocaust, eds. M.S. Bergmann & M. E. Jucovy. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. pp. 103–119.
   Google Scholar
• Ijzendoornet, M. H., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J. & Sagi-Schwartz, A. (2003). Are children of Holocaust survivors less well-adapted? A meta-analytic investigation of secondary traumatization. J. Traumatic Stress., 16(5):459–469.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jucovy, M. (1985). Telling the Holocaust story: a link between the generations. Psychoanal. In., 5:31–49.
   Google Scholar
• Jucovy, M. (1992) Psychoanalytic Contributions to Holocaust Studies. Int. J. Psychoanal., 73:267–282.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahn, C. (2006). Some determinants of the multigenerational transmission process. Psychoanal. Rev., 93(1):71–92.
   Google Scholar
• Kaplan, S. (2000). Child survivors and childbearing; memories from the Holocaust invading the present. Scan. Psychoanal. Rev., 23(2):249–282.
   Google Scholar
• Kestenberg, J. (1972). Psychoanalytic contributions to the problems of children of survivors from Nazi persecution. Israel Annals of Psychiatry and Related Disciplines, 10:311–325.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kestenberg, J. (1980). Psychoanalyses of children of survivors from the holocaust: Case presentations and assessment. J. Amer. Psychoanal. Assn., 28:775–804.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kestenberg, J. (1982a). Survivor parents and their children. In Generations of the Holocaust, eds. M. Bergmann & M. Jucovy. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. pp.83–101.
   Google Scholar
• Kestenberg, J. (1982b). Rachel M’s metapsychological assessment. In In Generations of the Holocaust, eds. M. Bergmann & M. Jucovy. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. pp. 137–155.
   Google Scholar
• Kestenberg, J. (1993). What a psychoanalyst learned from the Holocaust and genocide. Int. J. Psychoanal., 74:1117–1130.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kestenberg, M. (1982). Discriminatory aspects of the German indemnification policy; A continuation of persecution. In Generations of the Holocaust, eds. M. Bergmann & M. Jucovy. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. pp. 62–77.
   Google Scholar
• Kijak, M. & Funtowicz, S. (1982). The syndrome of the survivor of extreme situations-definitions, difficulties, hypotheses. International Review of Psychoanalysis, 9:25–33.
   Google Scholar
• Kijak, M. (1989). Further discussions of Reactions of psychoanalysts to the Nazi persecution, and lessons to be learnt. Int. J. Psychoanal., 16:213–222.
   Google Scholar
• Kogan, I. (1988). The second skin. Int. J. Psychoanal., 15:251–260.
   Google Scholar
• Kogan, I. (1989a). The search for the self. Int. J. Psychoanal., 70:661–672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kogan, I. (1989b). Working through the vicissitudes of trauma in psychoanalysis of Holocaust survivors’ offspring. Sigmund Freud House Bulletin, 13:25–33.
   Google Scholar
• Kogan, I. (1990). A journey to pain. Int. J. Psychoanal., 71:629–640.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kogan, I. (1992). From acting out to words and meaning. Int. J. Psychoanal., 73:455–466.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kogan, I. (1993). Curative factors in analyses Holocaust survivors' offspring. Int. J. Psychoanal., 74:803–814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kogan, I. (1995a). Love and heritage of the past. Int. J. Psychoanal., 76:805–824.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kogan, I. (1995b). The Cry Of Mute Children: A Psychoanalytic Perspective Of The Second Generation Of The Holocaust. London: Free Association Books.
   Google Scholar
• Kogan, I. (2002). Enactment and treatment in the Holocaust survivors’ offspring. Psychoanal. Q., 71:251–272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kogan, I. (2003). On being a dead and beloved child. Psychoanal. Q., 72:727–767.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krell, R. (1984). Holocaust survivors and their children. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 25:521–528.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• La Capra, D. (1992). Representing the Holocaust. Reflections on the historian’s debate. In Probing the limits of Representation, ed. S. Friedlander. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press. pp. 108–127.
   Google Scholar
• La Capra, D. (1994). Representing the Holocaust: History, Theory, Trauma. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press.
   Google Scholar
• La Capra, D. (2001). Writing History, Writing Trauma. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press.
   Google Scholar
• Levine, H. (1982). Toward a psychoanalytic understanding of the children of survivors of the Holocaust. Psychoanal. Q., 51:70–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laub, D. (1989). The empty circle: children of survivors and the limits of reconstruction. J. Amer. Psychoanal. Assn., 46:507–530.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laub, D. & Auerhahn, N. (1989). Failed empathy: A central theme in the survivor’s Holocaust experience. Psychoanal. Psychology, 6:377–400.
   Google Scholar
• Laub, D. & Auerhahn, N. (1993). Knowing and not knowing massive psychic trauma. Int. J. Psychoanal., 74: 287–302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laub, D. & Lee, S. (2003). Thanatos and massive psychic trauma: The impact of the death instinct on knowing, remembering, and forgetting. J. Amer. Psychoanal. Assn., 51:433–463.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laudan, L. (1977). Progress and its Problems: Towards a Theory of Scientific Growth. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Laufer, M. (1973). The analysis of a child of survivors. In The Child in his Family, 2: The Impact of Disease and Death, eds. E.J. Anthony and C. Koupernick. New York: Wiley. pp. 363–373.
   Google Scholar
• Leon, G. R., Butcher, J. N., Kleinman, M., Goldberg, A., & Almagor, M. (1981). Survivors of the Holocaust and their children: Current status and adjustment. J. Personality and Social Psychology, 41(3):503–516.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine, H. (1982). Toward a psychoanalytic understanding of the children of survivors of the Holocaust. Psychoanal. Q., 51:70–92
   Google Scholar
• Lipkowitz, M. H. (1973). The child of two survivors: a report of an unsuccessful therapy. Israel Annals of Psychiatry and Related Disciplines, 11:141–155.
   Google Scholar
• Luel, S. (1984). Living with The Holocaust: Thoughts on Revitalization in Psychoanalytic Reflections on The Holocaust. Selected Essays. eds. S. Luel & P. Marcus. Hoboken, NJ: Ktav Press.
   Google Scholar
• Marcus, P., & Wineman, I. (1985). Psychoanalysis encountering the Holocaust. Psychoanal. In., 5(1):85–98.
   Google Scholar
• Mitscherlich-Nielsen, M. (1989). The inability to mourn today. In The Problem of Loss and Mourning: Psychoanalytic Perspectives, eds. D. Deitrich & P. Shabad. Madison, CT: International Universities Press.
   Google Scholar
• Moore, Y. (2009). Thoughts in representation in therapy of Holocaust survivors. Int. J. Psychoanal., 90(6):1373–1391.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moses, R. (1995a). Persistent Shadows of The Holocaust: The Meaning to Those Not Directly Related. Madison, CT: International Universities Press.
   Google Scholar
• Moses, R. (1995b). An Israeli view: In clinical reflections about the depletion of a destructive symbol. In Persistent Shadows of the Holocaust, ed. R. Moses. Madison, CT: International Universities Press. pp. 3–28.
   Google Scholar
• Nadler, A. (2001). The Victim and the psychologist: changing perceptions of Isareli Holocaust survivors by the mental health community in the past fifty years. Hist. Psychology, 4(2):159–181.
   Google Scholar
• Niederland, W. (1968). Clinical observations on the “survivor syndrome.” Int. J. Psychoanal., 4(9):313–315.
   Google Scholar
• Oliner, M. (1982). Hysterical features among children of survivors. In Generations of the Holocaust, eds. M. Bergmann & M. Jucovy. New York: Columbia Univ. Press. pp. 247–266.
   Google Scholar
• Ornstein, A. (1985). Survival and recovery. Psychoanal. In., 5:99–130
   Google Scholar
• Ornstein, A. (1989). An interview with Anna Ornstein. In Healing their Wounds, eds. P. Marcus, & A. Rosenberg. New York: Praeger.
   Google Scholar
• Ornstein, A. (2012). Personal Communication.
   Google Scholar
• Parens, H. (1997). The unique pathogenicity of sexual abuse. Psychoanal. In., 17:250–266.
   Google Scholar
• Peskin, H., Auerhahn, N., & Laub, D. (1997). The second Holocaust: Therapeutic rescue when life threatens. J. Personal and Interpersonal Loss, 2:1–25.
   Google Scholar
• Pines, D. (1992). Impact of the Holocaust on the second generation. J. Social Work and Policy in Israel, 5:85–105.
   Google Scholar
• Polanyi, M. (1958). Personal Knowledge. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Prince, R. (1985a). Knowing the Holocaust. Psychoanal. In., 5:51–61.
   Google Scholar
• Prince, R. (1985b). Second generation effects of historical trauma. Psychoanal. Rev., 72:9–29.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Puget, J. (1988). Social violence. Free Associations, 13:84–139.
   Google Scholar
• Rakoff, V., Sigal, J. J., & Epstein, N. B. (1966). Children and families of concentration camp survivors. Canad. Ment. Hlth., 14:24–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reisner, S. (2003). Trauma: The seductive hypothesis. J. Amer. Psychoanal. Assn., 51:381–414.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberger, L. (1973) Children of survivors. In The Child in His Family. Vol. 2: The Impact of Disease and Death, eds. E. Anthony & C. Koupernick. New York: Wiley. pp. 375–377.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenblum, R. (2009) Postponing Trauma: The dangers of telling. Int. J. Psychoanal., 90(6):1319–1340.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal, R. (1994). Science and ethics in conducting, analyzing, and reporting psychological research. J. Amer. Psychological S., 5:127–134.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenthal, R. (1966) Covert communication in the psychological experiment. Psychological Bulletin., 67:353–367.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosnow, R. & Rosenthal, R. (1997). People Studying People: Artifacts and Ethics in Behavioral Research. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.
   Google Scholar
• Rothstein, A. (1980). Psychoanalytic paradigms and their narcissistic investment. J. Amer. Psychoanal. Assn., 28:385–395.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz, S. (1994). Non-genetic familial transmission of psychiatric disorders? Evidence from children of Holocaust survivors. J. Health Soc. Behav., 35(4):385–402.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Severino, S. (1986). Use of a Holocaust fantasy. J. Amer. Academy of Psychoanal., 14: 227–239.
   Google Scholar
• Sigal, J. Silver, D., Rakoff, V., & Ellin, B. (1973). Some second generation effects of survival of the Nazi persecution. Amer. J. Orthopsychiatry, 43:321–327.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slife, B. & Williams, R. (1995). What’s Behind the Research? Discovering the Hidden Assumptions in the Behavioral Sciences. New Jersey: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Solomon, Z. (1998). Transgenerational effects of The Holocaust: The Israeli Research Perspective. In International Handbook of Multigenerational Legacies of Trauma, ed. Y. Danieli. NY: Plenum. pp. 69–84.
   Google Scholar
• Sossin, K. M. (2007). Nonmentalizing states in early-childhood survivors of the Holocaust: Developmental considerations regarding treatment of child survivors of genocidal atrocities. Amer. J. Psychoanal., 67(1):68–81.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Spence, D. (1994). The Rhetorical Voice in Psychoanalysis: Displacement of Evidence by Theory. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sterba, E. (1968). The Effect of persecutions on adolescents. In Massive Psychic Trauma, ed. Henry Krystal. Madison, CT: International Universities Press. pp. 51–59, 259–263.
   Google Scholar
• Suedfeld, P. & Soriano, E. (1998). Separating the qualitative and quantitative dimension from the data versus analyses distinctions: Another way to study Holocaust survivors. The Reference Librarian, 61/62:113–129.
   Google Scholar
• Terry, J. (1984). The damaging effects of the survivor syndrome. In Psychoanalytic Reflections on the Holocaust: Selected Essays, eds. S. A. Luel & P. Marcus. Brooklyn, NY: Ktav Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Ticho, E. (1982). The alternate schools and the self. J. Amer. Psychoanal. Assn., 30:849–862.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuckett, D. (1993). Some thoughts on the presentation and discussion of the clinical material of psychoanalysis. Int. J. Psychoanal., 74:1175–1189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van IJzendoorn, M. H., Bakerman-Kranenburg, M. J., & Sagi-Schwartz, A. (2003). Are children of Holocaust survivors less well adapted? A meta-analytic investigation of secondary traumatization. J. Traumatic Stress, 16:459–469.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volkan, V. (1995). What the Holocaust means to a non-Jewish analyst. In. Persistent Shadows of the Holocaust, ed. R. Moses. Madison, CT: International University Press. pp. 81–87.
   Google Scholar
• Volkan, V. (1997). Bloodlines. Colorado: Westview Press.
   Google Scholar
• White, H. (1987). The Content and the Form: Narrative Discourse and Historical Representation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, A. (1985). On silence and the Holocaust. A contribution to clinical theory. Psychoanal. In., 5:63–84.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson. A. & Fromm, E. (1982). Aftermath of the concentration camp: the second generation. J. Amer. Academy of Psychoanal., 10:289–313.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wilson, M. & Sinason, M. (1999). Paralysis of symbolic functioning in the child of a Holocaust survivor. Psychoanal. Psychology, 13:117–134.
   Google Scholar
• Winship G. & Knowles, J. (1996). The transgenerational impact of cultural trauma: Linking phenomena in treatment of third generation survivors of the Holocaust. British J. Psychotherapy, 13:259–266.
   Google Scholar
• Woolgar, S. & Latour B. (1979). Laboratory Life: The Construction of Scientific Facts. New Jersey: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Yehuda, R., Schmeidler, J., Giller, E. Jr., Siever, L., & Binder-Brynes, K. (1996). The relationship between PTSD characteristics of Holocaust survivors and their adult offspring. Unpublished manuscript.
   Google Scholar
• Yerushalmi, Y. (1982). Zakhor Jewish History and Jewish Memory. Saint Louis, MO: Univ. of Washington Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zlotogorski, Z. (1983). Offspring of concentration camp survivors: The relationship of perception of family cohesion and adaptability to levels of ego functioning. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 24(4):245–354.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar