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Original Articles

Rhetorical experimentation and the cold war, 1947–1953: The development of an internationalist approach to propaganda

Pages 448-467 | Published online: 05 Jun 2009

Notes

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  • 24 November 1947 . Know North America—Pennsylvania 24 November , Charles Hulten Papers, Box 15, Harry S. Truman Library
  • 15 December 1947 . Know North America—Texas 15 December , Charles Hulten Papers, Box 15, Harry S. Truman Library
  • 29 December 1947 . Know North America—Alabama 29 December , Charles Hulten Papers, Box 15, Harry S. Truman Library
  • Grantham , Dewey W. 1987 . Recent America: The United States Since 1945 , 32 – 33 . Arlington Heights, IL : Harlan Davidson, Inc. .
  • Link , Arthur S. 1965 . American Epoch: A History of the United States Since the 1890s , 2d ed. , 703 – 706 . New York : Alfred A. Knopf .
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  • Fitzpatrick , Dick . 1951 . “America's Campaign of Truth Throughout the World,” . Journalism Quarterly , 28 : 3 – 14 .
  • 22 February 1952 . “Report to the President from Gordon Gray,” . 22 February ,
  • Griffith , Robert . 1987 . The Politics of Fear , 208 – 212 . Amherst : The University of Massachusetts Press .
  • Subcommittee of the House Committee on Appropriations . 1952 . Departments of State, Justice, Commerce, and the Judiciary Appropriations for 1953 415 408 82d Cong., 2d sess.
  • Padover , Saul K. 1951 . “Psychological Warfare and Foreign Policy,” . American Scholar , 20 : 153
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  • Subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Appropriations . 1951 . Department of State, Justice, Commerce, and the Judiciary Appropriations for 1952 1693 82d Cong., 1 st sess.
  • Ivie , Robert L. 1986 . “Literalizing the Metaphor of Soviet Savagery: President Truman's Plain Style,” . Southern Speech Communication Journal , 51 : 91 – 92 .
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  • Ivie , Robert L. 1987 . “Metaphor and the Rhetorical Invention of Cold War ‘Idealists’,” . Communication Monographs , 54 : 166
  • 28 December 1950 . Life Behind the Curtain—#44 28 December ,
  • 15 February 1951 . “Spotlight on Dictatorship,” . 15 February ,
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  • Rovere , Richard . 1959 . Senator Joe McCarthy , 198 New York : Harper Torchbooks .
  • Elder , Robert E. 1968 . The Information Machine: The United States Information Agency and American Foreign Policy , 37 Syracuse : Syracuse University Press .
  • Black , Edwin . 1970 . “The Second Persona,” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 56 : 115
  • Sproule , J. Michael . 1988 . “The New Managerial Rhetoric and the Old Criticism,” . Quarterly Journal of Speech , 74 : 474
  • Cook , Blanche Wiesen . 1981 . The Declassified Eisenhower: A Divided Legacy , vi xxi Garden City, NY : Doubleday & Company, Inc. .
  • Pirsein , Robert William . 1979 . The Voice of America: An History of the International Broadcasting Activities of the United States Government, 1940–1962 , 318 – 319 . New York : Arno Press .
  • 26 November 1952 . “Appraisal Survey of Our Cold War Effort,” . 26 November ,
  • 30 June 1953 . “The President's Committee on International Information Activities: Report to the President,” . 30 June ,
  • Greenstein , Fred I. 1982 . The Hidden‐Hand Presidency: Eisenhower as Leader , 133 New York : Basic Books, Inc., Publishers .
  • Medhurst , Martin J. 1993 . Dwight D. Eisenhower: Strategic Communicator , 73 – 74 . Westport, CT : Greenwood Press .
  • 22 June 1953 . “Memorandum on Radio in Psychological Warfare,” . 22 June ,
  • 30 September 1953 . “Progress Report to the National Security Council on Implementation of the Recommendations of the Jackson Committee Report,” . 30 September ,
  • Feinstein , Donald . 1954 . “Free Voices in the Battle of Men's Minds,” . Journalism Quarterly , 31 : 193 – 200 .
  • Jeffreys‐Jones , Rhodri . 1989 . The CIA and American Democracy , 92 New Haven : Yale University Press .
  • Medhurst , Martin J. 1990 . “Eisenhower's ‘Atoms for Peace’ Speech: A Case Study in the Strategic Use of Language,” . In Cold War Rhetoric: Strategy, Metaphor, and Ideology , Edited by: Medhurst , Martin J. 30 – 31 . New York : Greenwood Press .
  • Eisenhower , Dwight D. 1960 . “Address The Chance for Peace’ Delivered Before the American Society of Newspaper Editors,” . In Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1953 , 179 – 188 . Washington, DC : Government Printing Office .
  • 19 April 1953 . “Sunday Talk,” . 19 April , Radio Free Europe—Poland . No. 51
  • 17 April 1953 . “Eisenhower's Speech,” . 17 April , Radio Free Europe—Albanian Desk .
  • 17 April 1953 . “Our New York Correspondent Reports,” . 17 April , Radio Free Europe—Czechoslovak Desk .
  • 16 April 1953 . “International Commentary,” . 16 April , Radio Free Europe—Poland .
  • 19 April 1953 . “Special Commentary on the Occasion of President Eisenhower's Speech,” . 19 April , Radio Free Europe—Bulgaria .
  • 18 April 1953 . “Daily Commentary,” . 18 April , Radio Free Europe—Romania .
  • “Eisenhower's Speech,” . 6 – 8 . Radio Free Europe—Albania .
  • “International Commentary“ ” . 4 Radio Free Europe—Czechoslovakia .
  • Medhurst . “Eisenhower's ‘Atoms for Peace’ Speech: A Case Study in the Strategic Use of Language” . 33 39 – 40 .
  • Eisenhower , Dwight D. 1960 . “Address Before the General Assembly of the United Nations on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy,” . In Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1953 , 813 – 823 . Washington, DC : Government Printing Office .
  • 8 January 1954 . “A Program to Exploit the President's UN Speech of December 8, 1953, in Domestic and International Public Opinion Fields,” . 8 January ,
  • Ivie . “Eisenhower as Cold Warrior” . 11 – 13 . 19 – 20 .
  • Eisenhower . “Address Before the General Assembly of the United Nations on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy,” . 817 – 821 .
  • 14 December 1953 . “Check List For Possible Exploitation of President's Atomic Energy Speech,” . 14 December ,
  • Eisenhower . “Address Before the General Assembly of the United Nations on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy,” . 817
  • 20 July 1953 . “Presidential Statement,” . 20 July ,
  • Ivie . “Eisenhower as Cold Warrior” . 21 – 22 .
  • Hogan , J. Michael . “Eisenhower and Open Skies: A Case Study in ‘Psychological Warfare’,” . In Eisenhower's War of Words Edited by: Medhurst , Martin J. 132 – 155 .
  • Medhurst . Dwight D. Eisenhower: Strategic Communicator 30
  • Medhurst , Martin J. “Eisenhower's Rhetorical Leadership: An Interpretation, in “ ” . In Eisenhower's War of Words 285 – 297 .

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