The Legacy of Positivism and the Emergence of Interpretive Tradition in Spatial Planning

REFERENCES

• Abercrombie , P. 1933 . Town and Country Planning , London : Thornton/Butterworth .
   Google Scholar
• Agnew , J. 2005 . “ Space: place ” . In Spaces of Geographical Thought , Edited by: Cloke , P. and Johnson , R. 81 – 97 . London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Allmendinger , P. 2002 . Planning Theory , Basingstoke : Palgrave .
   Google Scholar
• Allmendinger , P. and Haughton , G. 2009 . Soft spaces, fuzzy boundaries, and metagovernance: the new spatial planning in the Themes Gateway . Environment and Planning A , 41 : 617 – 633 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amin , A. and Thrift , N. 1995 . “ Globalisation, ‘institutional thickness’ and the local economy ” . In Managing Cities: The New Urban Context , Edited by: Healey , P. , Cameron , S. , Davoudi , S. , Graham , S. and Madanipour , A. 91 – 108 . Chichester : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Audi , R. 1996 . The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Barnes , T. 2001 . Retheorizing economic geography: from the quantitative revolution to the cultural turn . Annals of the Association of American Geographers , 91 : 546 – 565 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumann , Z. 1995 . “ Searching for a centre that holds ” . In Global Modernities , Edited by: Featherstone , M. , Lash , S. and Robertson , R. 140 – 154 . London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• BBR (Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning) . 2001 . Spatial Development and Spatial Planning in Germany , 15 Berlin : BBR .
   Google Scholar
• BEAUREGARD P. (1989) Between modernity and postmodernity: the ambiguous position of US planning, Environment and Planning D 7(4), 381–395.
   Google Scholar
• Beauregard , P. 2005 . “ Planning and the network city: discursive correspondences ” . In The Network Society: A New Context for Planning , Edited by: Albrechts , L. and Mandelbaum , S. 24 – 34 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Brenner , N. 2000 . The urban question: reflections on Henri Lefebvre, urban theory and the politics of scale . International Journal of Urban and Regional Research , 24 ( 2 ) : 361 – 378 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabinet Office . 1999a . Modernising Government , London : Cm 4310. Stationary Office .
   Google Scholar
• Cabinet Office . 1999b . Professional Policy Making for the 21st Century , London : Cabinet Office .
   Google Scholar
• Davoudi , S. 2006 . Evidence-based planning: rhetoric and reality . DISP , 165 ( 2 ) : 14 – 25 .
   Google Scholar
• Davoudi S. (2008) Conceptions of the city region: a critical review, Journal of Urban Design and Planning, 161(DP2), 51–60.
   Google Scholar
• Davoudi , S. Climate risk and security: new meanings of the ‘environment’ in English planning system . European Planning Studies , Forthcoming 2012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davoudi , S. and Madanipour , A. Two Charters of Athens and two visions of utopia: functional and connected . Built Environment , Forthcoming 2012
   Google Scholar
• Davoudi , S. and Strange , I. 2009 . Conceptions of Space & Place in Strategic Spatial Planning , Edited by: Davoudi , S. and Strange , I. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Davoudi , S. and Strange , I. 2009b . “ Space and place in the twentieth century planning: an analytical framework and an historical review ” . In Conceptions of Space & Place in Strategic Spatial Planning , Edited by: Davoudi , S. and Strange , I. 7 – 42 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Dear , M. 1995 . “ Prolegomena to a post-modern urbanism ” . In Managing Cities: The New Urban Context , Edited by: Healey , P. , Cameron , S. J. , Davoudi , S. , Graham , A. and Madanipour , A. 27 – 44 . Chichester : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Department for Regional Development . 2001 . Regional Development Strategy for Northern Ireland 2025: Shaping Our Future , Belfast : Department for Regional Development .
   Google Scholar
• Department of Communities and Local Government (DCLG) . 2007 . Using Evidence in Spatial Planning , London : DCLG .
   Google Scholar
• Doxiadis , C. 1968 . Ekistics , London : Hutchinson .
   Google Scholar
• Duhr , S. 2007 . The Visual Language of Spatial Planning , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Ellias , N. 1992 . Time: An Essay , Oxford : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) . 1999 . Towards a Balanced and Sustainable Development of the Territory of the European Union , Luxembourg : Office for the Official Publications of the European Communities .
   Google Scholar
• Faludi , A. 1973 . Planning Theory , Oxford : Pergamon .
   Google Scholar
• Fischler , R. 1995 . “ Strategy and history in professional practice: planning as world making ” . In Spatial Practices , Edited by: Ligget , H. and Perry , D. C. 13 – 59 . London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Friedmann , J. 1993 . Toward a non-Euclidean mode of planning . Journal of the American Planning Association , 59 ( 4 ) : 482 – 485 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greater London Authority . 2004 . London Plan: Spatial Development Strategy for Greater London , London : Greater London Authority .
   Google Scholar
• Hagen , J. E. 2010 . Branding, Bonding, Bringing about … The Performance of Landscape Concepts in Spatial Planning , Wageningen : Wageningen University .
   Google Scholar
• Haggett , P. 1965 . Locational Analysis in Human Geography , London : Edward Arnold .
   Google Scholar
• Hall , P. 2002 . Cities of Tomorrow , 3 , Oxford : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Harley , J. B. 1988 . “ Maps, knowledge and power ” . In Iconography of Landscape: Essays on the Symbolic Representation, Design and Use of Past Environment , Edited by: Cosgrove , D. and Daniel , S. 277 – 312 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Harley , J. B. 1992 . “ Deconstructing the map ” . In Writing Worlds: Discourse, Text and Metaphor , Edited by: Barnes , T. J. and Duncan , S. J. 231 – 247 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Harvey , D. 1989 . The Condition of Post-modernity , Oxford : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Harvey , D. 1996 . Justice, Nature and Geography of Difference , Oxford : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Healey , P. 1997 . Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented Societies , London : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Healey , P. 2007 . Urban Complexity and Spatial Strategies, Towards a Relational Planning for Our Times , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Hoch , C. 1994 . What Planners Do: Power, Politics, and Persuasion , Chicago , IL : Planners Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hollis , M. 2003 . The Philosophy of Social Science: An Introduction , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Howard , E. 1902 . Garden Cities of To-morrow , London : Swan Sonnensche .
   Google Scholar
• Hubbard , P. , Kitchin , R. and Valentine , G. 2004 . “ Editors' introduction ” . In Key Thinkers on Space and Place, pp. 1–13 , Edited by: Hubbard , P. , Kitchin , R. and Valentine , G. London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Innes , J. 1996 . Planning through consensus building, a new view of the comprehensive planning ideal . American Planning Association Journal , 62 ( 4 ) : 460 – 472 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs , J. 1961 . The Death and Life of Great American Cities , Harmondsworth : Penguin .
   Google Scholar
• Jensen , O. and Richardson , T. 2004 . Making of European Space: Mobility, Power and Territorial Identity , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Joyce , P. 2003 . The Rule of Freedom: Liberalism and the Modern City , London : Verso .
   Google Scholar
• Latour , B. 1993 . We Have Never Been Modern trans. Porter C. Harvard University Press, Mass
   Google Scholar
• Latour , B. 2005 . From Realpolitike to Dingpolitik, or How to Make Things Public (available at: http://www.bruno-latour.fr/expositions/96-MTP-DING.pdf) (accessed on 15 September 2010)
   Google Scholar
• Le Corbusier . 1925/1929 . L'Urbanisme Cres, Paris; trans. Etchelle F. (1929) as The City of Tomorrow and its Planning. John Podher, London
   Google Scholar
• Le Corbusier . 1935/1967 . La Ville Radieuse Freal et Cie, Paris; trans. Knight P., Levieux E. and Coltman D. (1967) as The Radiant City. Faber & Faber, London
   Google Scholar
• Leccardie , C. 2008 . New biographies in the ‘risk society’? About future and planning . The 21st Century Society, Journal of the Academy of Social Sciences , 3 ( 2 ) : 119 – 129 .
   Google Scholar
• Lefebvre , H. 1991 . The Production of Space trans. Donaldson-Smith N. from the original 1974 Edn. Blackwell, Oxford
   Google Scholar
• Lindblom , C. E. 1959 . The science of ‘muddling through’ . Public Administration Review , 19 : 79 – 88 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• London Borough of Barnet . 2009 . Characterisation Study of London Borough of Barnet, Draft Final Report, Section I: Introduction , London Borough of Barnet .
   Google Scholar
• Luhmann , N. 1982 . “ The future cannot begin: temporal structures in modern society ” . In The Differentiation of Society , Edited by: Luhmann , N. 271 – 289 . New York , NY : Columbia University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Madanipour , A. 1995 . “ Reading the city ” . In Managing Cities: The New Urban Context , Edited by: Healey , P. , Cameron , S. , Davoudi , S. , Graham , S. and Madanipour , A. 21 – 26 . London : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Magee , B. 1973 . Popper , Glasgow : Collins/Fontana .
   Google Scholar
• Massey , D. 2005 . For Space , London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Murdoch , J. 2006 . Post-Structuralist Geography , London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Murray , M. 2009 . “ Building consensus in contested spaces and places: The Regional Development Strategy for Northern Ireland ” . In Conceptions of Space & Place in Strategic Spatial Planning , Edited by: Davoudi , S. and Strange , I. 125 – 147 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Nadin , V. 2007 . The emergence of the spatial planning approach in England . Planning Practice and Research , 22 ( 1 ) : 43 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) . 2004a . Planning Policy Statement 12: Local Development Frameworks , London : ODPM .
   Google Scholar
• Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) . 2004b . The Planning Response to Climate Change: Advice on Better Practice , London : ODPM .
   Google Scholar
• Osborne , T. and Rose , N. 1999 . Spatial phenomenotechnics: making space with Charles Booth and Patrick Geddes . Environment and Planning D: Society and Space , 22 : 209 – 228 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pagden , A. 2005 . “ What sparks intellectual movements? ” . In Times Higher Education Supplement 29 April, 16–17
   Google Scholar
• Peattie , L. 1987 . Planning Ciudad Guayana , Ann Arbor , MI : University of Michigan Press .
   Google Scholar
• Planning . 2009 . Centre extends science of planning . Planning , 19 ( June ) : 23
   Google Scholar
• Sandercock , L. 2003 . Out of the closet: the importance of stories and storytelling in planning practice . Planning Theory and Practice , 4 ( 1 ) : 11 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• Schumaker , P. D. 1978 . The quest for control: a critique of the rational-central-rule approach in public affairs . Journal of Politics , 40 ( 1 ) : 239 – 242 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott , J. 1998 . Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve Human Conditions Have Failed , New Haven , CT : Yale University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Scottish Executive . 2004 . National Planning Framework for Scotland , Edinburgh : Scottish Executive .
   Google Scholar
• Scruton , R. 1996 . Modern Philosophy: An Introduction and Survey , London : Mandarin .
   Google Scholar
• Sert J. L. (1944) Can Our Cities Survive? An ABC of Urban Problems, their Analysis, their Solution. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. Appx.
   Google Scholar
• Smith , A. F. M. 1996 . Mad cows and ecstasy: chance and choice in an evidence-based society . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A , 159 ( 3 ) : 367 – 383 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soja , E. 1989 . Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Social Theory , London : Verso .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , N. 1998 . Urban Planning Theory Since 1945 , London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , P. 2005 . “ Time: from hegemonic change to everyday life ” . In Key Concepts in Geography , Edited by: Holloway , S. , Rice , S. and Valentine , G. 151 – 164 . London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Unger , R. 2007 . The Self Awakened: Pragmatism Unbound , Boston , MA : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Watson , V. 2003 . Conflicting rationalities: implications for planning theory and practice . Planning Theory and Practice , 4(4) : 395 – 407 .
   Google Scholar
• Weiss , C. H. 1975 . “ Evaluation research in the political context ” . In Handbook of Evaluation Research, Vol. 1 , Edited by: Struening , E. S. and Guttentag , M. 13 – 25 . London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Welsh Assembly Government . 2004 . Wales Spatial Plan: People, Places, Futures , Cardiff : Welsh Assembly Government .
   Google Scholar
• Yorkshire and Humber Assembly . 2006 . Yorkshire and Humber Plan , Wakefield : Yorkshire and Humber Assembly .
   Google Scholar
• Young , K. , Ashby , D. , Boaz , A. and Grayson , L. 2002 . Social science and the evidence-based policy movement . Social Policy and Society , 1 ( 3 ) : 215 – 224 .
   Google Scholar