Imposex in the dogwhelk Nucella lapillus (L.) in Icelandic waters

References

• Bailey , S.K. and Davies , I.M. 1989 . The effects oftributyltin on dogwhelks Nucella lapillus from Scottish coastal waters . Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 69 : 335 – 354 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailey , S.K. and Davies , I.M. 1991 . Continuing impact of TBT, previously used in mariculture, on dogwhelk (Nucella lapillus L.) populations in a Scottish sea loch . Marine Environmental Research , 32 : 187 – 199 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brick , M. and Bolte , M. 1994 . Cytology of the outer penis epithelium of Buccinum undatum (L.) from the Arctic region - an observation of the imposex phenomenon . Helgoländer Meeresuntersuchungen , 48 : 123 – 131 .
   Google Scholar
• Bryan G. W Gibbs P.E. Impact of low concentrations of tributyltin (TBT) on marine organisms: a review Metal ecotoxicology: conceps and applications Newman M.C. McIntosh A.W. Lewis Publishers Michigan 1991 323 361
   Google Scholar
• Bryan , G.W , Gibbs , P.E. , Burt , G.R. and Hummerstone , L.G. 1987 . The effects of tributyltin (TBT) accumulation on adult dogwhelks, Nucella lapillus: long-term field and laboratory experiments . Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 67 : 525 – 544 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis , D.Y. and Pattisina , L.A. 1990 . Widespread neogastropod imposex: a biological indicator of global TBT contamination? . Marine Pollution Bulletin , 21 : 248 – 253 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fioroni , P. , Oehlmann , J. and Stroben , E. 1991 . The pseudohermaphroditism of Prosobranchs; morphological aspects . Zoologischer Anzeiger , 226 : 1 – 26 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbs , P.E. and Bryan , G.W. 1986 . Reproductive failure in populations of the dog-whelk, Nucella lapillus, caused by imposex induced by tributyltin from antifouling paints . Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 66 : 767 – 777 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbs , P.E. , Bryan , G.W and Pascoe , P.L. 1991 . TBT-induced imposex in the dogwhelk, Nucelia lapillus: geographical uniformity of the response and effects . Marine Environmenial Research , 32 : 79 – 87 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbs , P.E. , Bryan , G.W , Pascoe , P.L. and Burt , G.R. 1987 . The use of the dogwhelk Nucella lapillus as an indicator of tributyltin (TBT) contamination . Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 67 : 507 – 523 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbs , P.E. , Pascoe , P.L. and Burt , G.R. 1988 . Sex change in the female dog-whelk, Nucella lapillus, induced by tributyltin from antifouling paints . Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 68 : 715 – 731 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg , E.D. 1986 . TBT: an environmental dilemma . Environment , 28 : 17 – 44 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harding , MJ.C. , Bailey , S.K. and Davies , I.M. 1992 . TBT imposex survey of the North Sea. Annex 7: Norway . Scottish Fisheries working paper No 10/92 ,
   Google Scholar
• Ingó1fsson , A. 1975 . “ Life on seashores ” . In Rit Landverndar, 4, Votlendi Edited by: Gardarsson , A. 61 – 99 . (in Icelandic)
   Google Scholar
• Knutzen , J. 1993 . Tinnorganiske forbindelse - en marin forurensning som er undervurdert i Norge? . Vann 2 , 93 : 235 – 243 . (in Norwegian)
   Google Scholar
• Oehlmann , J. , Stroben , E. and Fioroni , P. 1993 . Fréquence et degré d'expression du pseudohermaphrodisme chez quelques Prosobranches Sténoglosses des côtes fran~aises (surtout de la baie de Morlaix et de la Manche). 2. Situation jusqu' au printemps de 1992 . Cahiers de Biologie Marine , 34 : 343 – 362 .
   Google Scholar
• Short , J.W , Rice , S.D. , Brodersen , C.C. and Stickle , W.B. 1989 . Occurence of tri-n-butyltin-caused imposex in the North Pacific marine snail Nucelia lima in Auke Bay, Alaska . Marine Biology , 102 : 291 – 297 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , B.S. 1971 . Sexuality in the American mud snail, Nassarius obsoletus Say . Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London , 39 : 377 – 378 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , B.S. 1981a . Male characteristics in female mud snails caused by antifouling bottom paints . Journal of Applied Toxicology , 1 : 22 – 25 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith , B.S. 1981b . Tributyltin compounds induce male characteristics on female mud snails Nassarius obsoletus = Ilyanassa obsoleta . Journal of Applied Toxicology , 1 : 141 – 144 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stroben , E. , Oehlmann , J. and Fioroni , P. 1992 . Hinia reticulata and Nucella lapillus. Comparison of two gastropod tributyltin bioindicators . Marine Biology , 114 : 289 – 296 .
   Google Scholar
• Svavarsson , J. and Skarphéðinsdóttir , H. 1993 . Vansköpun af völdum tríbútýltimengunar hjá íslenskum nákuðungum . Fjölrit Líffråðistofnunar háskölans nr. 36 , (In Icelandic, Mimeo)
   Google Scholar
• Ten Hallers-Tjabbes , C.C. , Kemp , J.F. and Boon , J.P. 1994 . Imposex in whelks (Buccinum undatum) from the open North Sea: relation to shipping traffic intensities . Marine Pollution Bulletin , 28 : 311 – 313 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar