A revised model of visual range in fish

References

• Aksnes , D.L. 1996 . Natural mortality, fecundity and development time in marine planktonic copepods - implications of behaviour . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 131 : 315 – 316 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aksnes , D.L. 1993 . A theoretical model of visual aquatic predation . Ecological modelling , 67 : 233 – 250 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anthony , P.D. 1981 . Visual contrast thresholds in the cod Gadus morhua L. . Journal ofFish Biology , 19 : 87 – 103 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baliño , B.M and Aksnes , D.L. 1993 . Winter distribution and migration of the sound scattering layers, zooplankton and micronekton in Masfjorden, western Norway . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 102 : 35 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandt , S.B. and Kirsch , J. 1993 . Spatially explicit models of Striped Bass growth potential in Chesapeake Bay . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 122 : 845 – 869 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark , C.W. and Levy , D.A. 1988 . Diel vertical migration by juvenile sockeye salmon and the anti predation window . American Naturalist , 131 : 271 – 290 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cornsweet , T.N. 1970 . Visual perception , 475 – 475 . London : Academic Press, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Douglas R.H. Hawryshyn C. W. Behavioural studies of fish vision: an analysis of visual capabilities The visual system offish Douglas R.H. Djamgoz M. Chapman & Hall Cambridge 1990 373 418
   Google Scholar
• Duntley , S.Q. 1960 . Improved nomographs for calculating visibility by swimmers (natural light) . Bureau of Ships Contract No. bs-72039, Rep. 5-3 Feb. ,
   Google Scholar
• Duntley , S.Q. 1962 . “ Underwater visibility ” . In The Sea , Edited by: Hill , M.N . Vol. 1. , 452 – 455 . Londo : J. Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Duntley , S.Q. 1963 . Light in the sea . Journal of the Optical Society of America , 53 : 214 – 233 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eggers , D.M. 1977 . The nature of prey selection by planktivorous fish . Ecology , 58 : 46 – 59 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eiane , K. , Aksnes , D.L. and Giske , J. 1997 . The significance of optical properties in competition among visual and tactile planktivores: a theoretical study . Ecological Modelling , 98 : 123 – 136 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiksen , Ø and Giske , J. 1995 . Vertical distribution and population dynamics of copepods by dynamic optimization . ICES Journal of Marine Science , 52 : 483 – 503 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiksen , Ø. , Giske , J. and Siagstad , D. 1995 . A spatially explicit fitness-based model of capelin migrations in the Barents Sea . Fisheries Oceanography , 4 : 193 – 208 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerritsen , J. and Strickler , J.R. 1977 . Encounter probabilities and community structure in zooplankton: a mathematical model . Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada , 34 : 73 – 82 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giske , J. and Aksnes , D.L. 1992 . Ontogeny, season and tradeoffs: vertical distribution of the mesopeJagic fish Maurolicus muelleri . Sarsia , 77 : 253 – 262 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giske , J. , Aksnes , D. L. and Fiksen , Ø. 1994 . Visual predators, environmental variables and zooplankton mortality risk . Vie & Milieu , 44 : 1 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• Giske , J. , Rosland , R , Berntsen , J. and Fiksen , Ø. 1997 . Ideal free distribution of copepods under predation risk . Ecological Modelling , 95 : 45 – 59 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giske , J. and Salvanes , A.G.V. 1995 . Why pelagic pianktivores should be unselective feeders . Journal of theoretical Biology , 173 : 41 – 50 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gregory , R.S. and Northcote , T.G. 1993 . Surface, planktonic, and benthic foraging by juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in turbid laboratory conditions . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 50 : 233 – 240 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hester , F. J. 1968 . Visual contrast thresholds of the Goldfish (Carasshts auratus) . Vision Research , 8 : 1315 – 1335 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Houston , A.I. , McNamara , J.M. and Hutchinson , J.M.C. 1993 . General results concerning the trade-off between gaining energy and avoiding predation . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B , 341 : 375 – 397 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaartvedt , S. , Melle , W. , Knutsen , T. and Skjoldal , H.R. 1996 . Vertical distribution of fish and krill beneath water of varying optical properties . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 136 : 51.58 – 51.58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacKenzie , B.R. , Miller , T.J. , Cyr , S. and Leggett , W.C. 1994 . Evidence for a dome-shaped relationship between turbulence and larval fish ingestion rates . Limnology & Oceanography , 39 : 1790 – 1799 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mangel , M. and Clark , C.W. 1986 . Towards a unified foraging theory . Ecology , 67 : 1127 – 1138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mangel , M. and Clark , C.W. 1988 . Dynamic modelling in behavioural ecology , 308 – 308 . Princeton , , NJ. : Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mason , D.M. and Patrick , E. V. 1993 . A model for the spacetime dependence of feeding for pelagic fish populations . Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , 122 : 884 – 901 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miner , G.J. and Stein , R.A. 1993 . Interactive influence of turbidity and light on larval Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) foraging . Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences , 50 : 781 – 788 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicol , J.A.C. 1989 . The eyes of fishes , 308 – 308 . Oxford : Clarendon Press .
   Google Scholar
• O'Brien , W.J. , Slade , N.A. and Vinyard , G.L. 1976 . Apparent size as determinant of prey selection by bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) . Ecology , 57 : 1304 – 1310 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Brien W.J. Planktivory by freshwater fish: Thrust and parry in pelagia. Predation: Direct and indirect impacts on aquatiC communities Kerfoot W.C. Sih A. University Press of New England Hanover 1987 3 16
   Google Scholar
• Preisendorfer , R.W. 1986 . Sec chi disc science: Visual optics of natural waters . Limnology & Oceanography , 31 : 909 – 226 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosland , R. and Giske , J. 1994 . A dynamic optimization model of the diel vertical distribution of a pelagic planktivorous fish . Progress in Oceanography , 34 : 1 – 43 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosland , R. and Giske , J. 1997 . A dynamic model for the life history of Maurolicus muelleri, a pelagic planktivore fish . Fisheries Oceanography , 6 : 19 – 34 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosland , R. 1997 . Optimal responses to environmental and physiological constraints: evaluation of a model for a planktivore . Sarsia , 82 : 113 – 128 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothschild , B.J. and Osborn . 1988 . Small-scale turbulence and plankton contact rates . Journal of Plankton Research , 10 : 465 – 474 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , J.H. 1961 . Contrast-thresholds as a function of retinal position and target size for the light -adapted eye , 61 – 10 . University of California, Vision Laboratory S10 ref. SIO .
   Google Scholar
• Tyler , J.A. and Rose , K.A. 1994 . Individual variability and spatial heterogeneity in fish population models . Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries , 4 : 91 – 123 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Utne , A.C.W. 1997 . The effect of turbidity and illumination on the reaction distance and search time of a marine planktivore (Gobiusculus flavescens) . Journal ofFish Biology , 50 : 926 – 938 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vinyard , G.L. and O'Brien , W.J. 1976 . Effects oflight and turbidity on the reactive distance of Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) . Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada , 33 : 2845 – 2849 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walton , W.E. , Hairston , N.G. and Wetterer , J.K. 1992 . Growthrelated constraints on the diet selection by sunfish . Ecology , 73 : 429 – 437 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolken , J.J. 1995 . Light detectors, photoreceptors, and imaging systems in nature , 259 – 259 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wright , D.I. and O'Brien , W.J. 1984 . The development and field test of a tactical model of the planktivorous feeding of white crappie (Pomoxis annularis) . EcolOgical Monographs , 54 : 65 – 98 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zaneveld , J.R.V. , Spinrad , R.W. and Bartz , R. 1979 . Optical properties of turbidity standards . Ocean Optics , 6 : 159 – 168 .
   Google Scholar