234
Views
42
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

The HOPE (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation) Study and its Consequences

, , , &
Pages 143-156 | Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents. Low‐dose captopril for the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension. Arch Intern Med 1984; 144: 1947–53
  • The Consensus Trial Group. Effect of Enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure:results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS). N Engl J Med 1987; 316: 1429–35
  • The SOLVD Investigators. Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 293–302
  • The SOLVD Investigators. Effect of enalapril on mortality and development of heart failure in asymptomatic patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions. N Engl J Med 1992; 327: 625–91
  • Pfeffer M. A., Braunwald E., Morge L. A., Basta L., Brown E. J Jr., Cuddy T. E., Davis B. R., Geltman E. M., Goldman S., Flaker G. C. Effect of Enalapril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1992; 327: 669–77
  • Lonn E. M., Yusuf S., Jha P., Montague T. M., Teo K. K., Benedict C. R., Pitt B. Emerging role of angiotensin – converting enzyme inhibitor in cardiac and vascular protection. Circulation 1994; 90: 2056–69
  • Steinberg D., Parsathanathy S., Carew T. E., Khoo J., Witzum J. Beyond Cholesterol. Modifications of low‐density lipoprotein that increase its atherogenicity. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 915–24
  • Berry E. M. The effects of nutrients on lipoprotein susceptibility to oxidation. Curr Opin Lipidol 1992; 3: 5–11
  • Gey K. F., Puska P., Jordan P., Moser U. K. Inverse correlation between plasma, Vitamin E and mortality from ischemic heart disease in cross‐cultural epidemiology. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53((Suppl1))5326–34
  • Stampfer M. J., Hennekens C. H., Manson J. A. A prospective study of Vitamin E consumption and risk for coronary disease in women. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1444–49
  • Rimm E. B., Stampfer M. J., Ascherio A. Vitamin E consumption and risk of coronary heart disease among men. N Engl J Med 1993; 32: 1450–56
  • Jha P., Flather M., Lonn E., Farkouh M., Yusuf S. The Antioxidant Vitamins and Cardiovascular Disease. A Critical Review of Epidemiologic Clinical Trial Data. Ann Int Med 1995; 123: 860–72
  • The HOPE (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation) Study. The design of a large, simple randomized trial of an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor (Ramipril) and Vitamin E in patients at high risk of cardiovascular events. The HOPE Study Investigators. Can J Cardiol 1995; 12: 127–37
  • Lonn E. M., Yusuf S., Doris C. I., Sabrine M. J., Dzavik V., Hutchison K., Riley W. A., Tucher J., Pogue J., Taylor W., for the SECURE Investigators. Am J Cardiol 1996; 78: 914–19
  • Gerstein H. C., Bosch J., Pogue J., Wayne taylor D., Zinman B., Yusuf S. The HOPE Study Investigators. Rationale and Design of a large study to evaluate the renal and cardiovascular effects of an ACE inhibitor and Vitamin E in high‐risk patients with diabetes. The MICRO‐HOPE study. Diabetes Care 1996; 19: 1225–28
  • Effects of an angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitor. Ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high‐risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 145–53
  • Dagenais G., Yusuf S., Bourassa M. G., Yi Q., Bosch J., Lonn E. M., Kouz S., Grover J., on behalf of the HOPE investigators. Effects of Ramipril on coronary events in high‐risk persons. Results of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study. Circulation 2001; 104: 522–26
  • Sleight P., Yusuf S., Pogue J., Tsuyuki R., Diaz R., Probstfield J., for the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study Investigators. Blood‐pressure reduction and cardiovascular risk in HOPE Study. (Letter) Lancet 2001; 358: 2130–31
  • Vitamin E. Supplementation and Cardiovascular Events in High‐Risk Patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 154–160
  • Lonn E. M., Yusuf S., Dzavik V., Doris I., Yi Q., Smith S., Moore‐cox A., Bosch J., Riley W. A., Teo K. K., for the SECURE Investigators. Effects of Ramipril and Vitamin E on Atherosclerosis. The Study to Evaluate Carotid Ultrasound Changes in Patients Treated with Ramipril and Vitamin E (SECURE). Circulation 2001; 103: 919–25
  • Lonn E., Roccaforte R., Yi Q., Dagenais G., Sleight P., Bosch J., Suhan P., Micks M., Probstfield J., Bernstein V., Yusuf S., on behalf of the HOPE Investigators. Effect of long‐term therapy with Ramipril in high‐risk women. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 4: 693–702
  • Lorell B. H. ACE inhibitors after myocardial infarction. (Letter to the Editor) N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 966–67
  • Klein W. Gender differences in clinical trials in coronary heart disease:response in drug therapy. Eur Heart J 1996; 17: 1786–90
  • Schumkert H., Danser A. H. J., Hense H. W. Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on the renin‐angiotensin system in postmenopausal women. Circulation 1947; 95: 39–45
  • Bosch J., Yusuf S., Pogue J., Sleight P., Lonn E., Rangoonwala B., Davis R., Ostergren J., Probstfield J., on behalf of the HOPE Investigators. Use of Ramipril in preventing stroke:double blind randomized trial. BMJ 2002; 324: 1–5
  • Schrader J., Lüders S. Preventing stroke (Editorial). BMJ 2002; 324: 699–703
  • Stys T., Lawson W. E., Smaldone G. C., Stys A. Does aspirin attenuate the beneficial effects of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibition in heart failure?. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160: 1409–13
  • Teo K. K., Yusuf S., Pfeffer M., Kober L., Hall A., Pogue J., Latini R., Collins R., for the ACE Inhibitors Collaborative Group. Lancet 2002; 360: 1037–43
  • Ostergren J., Sleight P., Dagenais G., Danisa K., Bosch J., Yi Q., Yusuf S., for the HOPE Study Investigators. Impact of Ramipril in patients with evidence of clinical or sub‐clinical peripheral arterial disease. Europ Heart J 2004; 25: 17–24
  • Svensson P., De faire U., Sleight P., Yusuf S., Stergren J. Comparative effects of Ramipril on ambulatory and office blood pressures. A HOPE Sub‐study. Hypertension 2001; 38: e28–e32
  • Eikelboom J. W., Hirsh J., Weitz J. I., Johnston M., Yi Q., Yusuf S. Aspirin‐resistant thromboxane biosynthesis and the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events. Circulation 2002; 105: 1650–55
  • Kammel W. B., Gordon T., Offutt D. Left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram. Prevalence, incidence, and mortality in the Framingham Study. Ann Intern Med 1969; 71: 89–101
  • Schmeder R. E., Martus P., Klingbeil A. Reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension. JAMA 1996; 275: 1507–13
  • Roman M. J., Alderman M. H., Pickering T. G. Differential effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and diuretic therapy on reductions in ambulatory blood pressure, left ventricular mass and vascular hypertrophy. Am J Hypertens 1998; 11: 387–96
  • Lonn E., Mathew J., Pogue J., Johnstone D., Danisa K., Bosch J., Baird M., Dagenais G., Sleight P., Yusuf S., on behalf of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study Investigators. Relationship of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy to mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in high‐risk patients. Eur J Cardiovasc Prevention Rehab 2003; 10: 420–28
  • Mathew J., Sleight P., Lonn E., Johnstone D., Pogue J., Yi Q., Bosch J., Sussex B., Probstfield J., Yusuf S., for the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Investigators. Reduction of cardiovascular risk by regression of electrocardiographic markers of left ventricular hypertrophy of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor Ramipril. Circulation 2001; 104: 1616–21
  • Lonn E., Shaikholeslami R., Yi Q., Bosch J., Sullivan B., Tanser P., Magi A., Yusuf S. Effects of Ramipril on left ventricular mass and function in cardiovascular patients with controlled blood pressure and with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43: 2200–6
  • Teo K. K., Mitchell B., Pogue J., Bosch J., Dagenais G., Yusuf S., on behalf of the HOPE Investigators. Effect of Ramipril in reducing sudden deaths and non‐fatal cardiac arrests in high‐risk individuals without heart failure or left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation 2004; 110: 1413–17
  • Arnold J. M. O., Yusuf S., Young J., Mathew J., Johnstone D., Avegam A., Lonn E., Pogue J., Bosch J., on behalf of the HOPE Investigators. Prevention of heart failure in patients in the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study. Circulation 2003; 107: 1284–90
  • Parfrey P. S., Foley R. N. The clinical epidemiology of cardiac disease in chronic uremia. J Am Soc Nephrol 1999; 10: 1053–58
  • Mann J. F. E., Gerstein H. C., Pogue J., Lonn E., Yusuf S. Cardiovascular risk in patients with early renal insufficiency. Implications for the use of ACE inhibitors. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2002; 2: 157–62
  • Boaz M., Smetana S., Weinstein T. Secondary prevention with antioxidants of cardiovascular disease in end‐stage renal disease (SPACE):randomized placebo‐controlled trial. Lancet 2000; 356: 1213–18
  • Mann J. F. E., Lonn E. M., Yi Q., Gerstein H. C., Hoogwerf B. J., Pogue J., Bosch J., Dagenais G. R., Yusuf S., on behalf of the HOPE investigators. Effects of Vitamin E in cardiovascular outcomes in people with mild‐to‐moderate renal insufficiency:results of the HOPE study. Kidney Int 2004; 65: 1375–80
  • Mann J. F. E., Gerstein H. C., Pogue J., Bosch J., Yusuf S., for the HOPE investigators. Renal insufficiency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes and the impact of Ramipril:the HOPE randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2001; 134: 629–36
  • Mann J. F. E., Gerstein H. C., Yi Q., Franks J., Lonn E. M., Hoogwerf B. J., Rashkow A., Yusuf S., on behalf of the HOPE investigators. Progression of renal insufficiency in type 2 diabetes with or without microalbuminuria:results of the Heart Outcomes and Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) randomized study. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 42: 936–42
  • Gerstein H. C., Mann J. F. E., Pogue J., Dineen S. F., Hallé J‐P., Hoogwerf B., Joyce C., Rashkow A., Young J., Zinman B., Yusuf S., on behalf of the HOPE study investigators. Prevalence and determinants of microalbuminuria in high‐risk diabetic and non‐diabetic patients in the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study. Diabetes Care 2000; 23((Suppl2))B35–B39
  • Gerstein H. C., Mann J. F. E., Yi Q., Zinman B., Dineen S., Hoogwerf B., Hallé J‐P., Young J., Rashkow K., Joyce C., Nawaz S., Yusuf S., for the HOPE study investigators. Albuminuria and risk of cardiovascular events, death, and heart failure in diabetic and non‐diabetic individuals. JAMA 2001; 286: 421–26
  • Meltzer S., Leiter L., Daneman D. 1998 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Diabetes in Canada. Can Med Assoc J 1998; 159((Suppl 8))S1–S29
  • Mann J. F. E., Gerstein H. C., Yi Q., Lonn E. M., Hoogwerf B. J., Rashkow A., Yusuf S., on behalf of the HOPE investigators. Development of renal disease in people at high cardiovascular risk:results of the HOPE randomized study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14: 641–47
  • Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study Investigators. Effects of Ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus:results of the HOPE study and MICRO‐HOPE substudy. Lancet 2000; 355: 253–59
  • Lonn E., Yusuf S., Hoogwerf B., Pogue J., Yi Q., Zinman B., Bosch J., Dagenais G., Mann J. F. E., Gerstein H. C., on behalf of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Investigators. Effects of Vitamin E on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in high‐risk patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2002; 25: 1919–27
  • Levy A. P., Gerstein H. C., Miller‐lotan R., Ratner R., Mcqueen M., Lonn E., Pogue J. The effect of Vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular risk in diabetic individuals with different haptoglobin phenotypes. Diabetes Care 2004; 27: 2767
  • Yusuf S., Gerstein H., Hoogwerf B., Pogue J., Bosch J., Wolfenbuttel B. H. R., Zuisman B., for the HOPE Study Investigators. Ramipril and the development of diabetes. JAMA 2001; 286: 1882–85
  • Dagenais G. R., Auger P., Bogaty P., Gerstein H., Lonn E., Yi Q., Yusuf S., On behalf of the HOPE Study Investigators. Increased occurrence of diabetes in people with ischemic cardiovascular disease and general and abdominal obesity. Can J Cardiol 2003; 19: 1387–91
  • Fabricant C. G., Fabricant J., Litrenta M. M. Virus‐reduced atherosclerosis. J Exp Med 1978; 148: 335–40
  • Smieja M., Gnarpe J., Lonn E., Gnarpe H., Olsson G., Yi Q., Dzavik V., Mcqueen M., Yusuf S., for the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study Investigators. Circulation 2003; 107: 251–57
  • Veres A., Füst G., Smieja M., Mcqueen M., Horvath A., Yi Q., Biró A., Pogue J., Romics L., Karádi I., Singh M., Gnarpe J., Proháska Z., Yusuf S., for the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study Investigators. Relationship of anti‐60kDa Heat Shock Protein and Anti‐Cholesterol Antibodies to Cardiovascular Events. Circulation 2002; 106: 2775–2780
  • Schmidt M. I., Duncan B. B., Sharrett A. R. Markers of inflammation and prediction of diabetes mellitus in adults (atherosclerosis risk in community study):a cohort study. Lancet 1999; 353: 1649–52
  • Meigs J. B., Hu F. B., Rifai N., Manson J. E. Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. JAMA 2004; 291: 1978–86
  • Lamy A., Yusuf S., Pogue J., Gabni A., on behalf of the HOPE Investigators. Cost implications of the use of Ramipril in high‐risk patients based on the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) Study. Circulation 2003; 107: 960–65
  • Carroll C. A., Coen M. M., Piepbo R. W. Economic impact of Ramipril on hospitalization of high‐risk cardiovascular patients. Ann Pharmacotherapy 2003; 37: 327–31
  • Malik I. S., Bhatia V. K., Kooner J. S. Cost effectiveness of Ramipril treatment for cardiovascular risk reduction. Heart 2001; 85: 539–43
  • Björholt F. L., Anderson F. L., Kahan T., östergren J. The cost‐effectiveness of Ramipril in the treatment of patients at high risk of cardiovascular events:a Swedish sub‐study to the HOPE study. J Int Med 2002; 251: 508–17
  • Dzau V. J., Bernstein K., Celermajer D. Pathophysiologic and therapeutic importance of tissue ACE:a consensus report. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2002; 16: 149–60
  • Lonn E., Gerstein H. C., Smieja M., Mann J. F. E., Yusuf S. Mechanisms of cardiovascular risk reduction with Ramipril:insights from HOPE and HOPE substudies. Eur Heart J Supplements 2003; 5((Suppl A))A43–A48
  • Smieja M., Yusuf S., Lonn E. Inflammatory markers and subsequent cardiovascular events in the HOPE trial. Circulation 2001; 17((Suppl II))II–791, Abstract 11363

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.