References
- Klein S. Obesity. Clin Perspect Gastroenterol 2000; 3: 232–6
- Martin LF, Hunter SM, Lauve RM, O'Leary JP. Severe obesity: expensive to society, frustrating to treat, but important to confront. South Med J 1995; 88: 895–902
- Colditz GA. Economic costs of obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 1992; 55 Suppl 2: 503S–7S
- Wolf AM, Colditz GA. Current estimates of the economic cost of obesity in the United States. Obes Res 1998; 6: 97–106
- Consensus Development Conference Panel. Gastrointestinal surgery for severe obesity. Ann Intern Med 1991;15:956–61.
- Lin ZY, Chen JDZ. Advances in gastrointestinal electrical stimulation. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2002; 30: 419–58
- Lin ZY, McCallum RW, Schirmer BD, Chen JDZ. Effects of pacing parameters on entrainment of gastric waves in patients with gastroparesis. Am J Physiol 1991; 274: G186–91
- McCallum RW, Chen JDZ, Lin ZY, Schirmer BD, Williams RD, Ross RA. Gastric pacing improves emptying and symptoms in patients with gastroparesis. Gastroenterology 1998; 114: 456–61
- Bellahsene BE, Lind CD, Schirmer BD, Updike OL, McCallum RW. Acceleration of gastric emptying with electrical stimulation in a canine model of gastroparesis. Am J Physiol 1992; 262: G826–34
- Qian LW, Lin XM, Chen JDZ. Normalization of atropine-induced postprandial dysrhythmias with gastric pacing. Am J Physiol 1999; 276: G387–92
- Eagon JC, Kelly KA. Effects of gastric pacing on canine gastric motility and emptying. Am J Physiol 1993; 265: G767–74
- Miedema BW, Sarr MG, Kelly KA. Pacing the human stomach. Surgery 1992; 111: 143–50
- Hocking MP, Vogel SB, Sninsky CA. Human gastric myoelectrical activity and gastric emptying following gastric surgery and with pacing. Gastroenterology 1992; 103: 1811–6
- Chen JDZ, Qian LW, Ouyang H, Yin JY. Gastric electrical stimulation with short pulses improves vomiting but not gastric dysrhythmia in dogs. Gastroenterology 2003; 124: 401–9
- Sarna SK, Bowes KL, Daniel EE. Gastric pacemaker. Gastroenterology 1976; 70: 226–31
- Eagon JC, Kelly KA. Effect of electrical stimulation on gastric electrical activity, motility and emptying. Neurogastroenterol Motil 1995; 7: 39–45
- Lin XM, Abo M, Peters LJ, Chen JDZ. Retrograde electrical stimulation induces vomiting and delays gastric emptying of liquid in dogs [abstract]. Gastroenterology 1999; 116: A970
- Chen JDZ, McCallum RW. Electrogastrographic parameters and their clinical significance. Electrogastrography: principles and clinical applications, JDZ Chen, McCallum. Raven Press, New York 1994; 45–73
- Chen JDZ, McCallum RW. Clinical applications of electrogastrography. Am J Gastroenterol 1993; 88: 1324–36
- Xu XH, Wang ZS, Hayes J, Chen JDZ. Is there a one-to-one correlation between gastric emptying of liquids and gastric myoelectrical or motor activity in dogs?. Dig Dis Sci 2002; 47: 365–72
- Lin XM, Chen JDZ. Abnormalities of gastric slow waves in patients with functional dyspepsia assessed by multi-channel electrogastrography. Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2001; 280: G1370–5
- Xu XH, Qian LW, Chen JDZ. Anti-dysrhythmic effects of long-pulse gastric electrical stimulation in dogs. Digestion 2004; 69: 63–70
- Kelly KA. Differential responses of the canine gastric corpus and antrum to electrical stimulation. Am J Physiol 1974; 226: 230–4
- Xing JH, Brody F, Brodsky J, Larive B, Ponsky J, Soffer E. Gastric electrical stimulation at proximal stomach induces gastric relaxation in dogs. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2003; 15: 15–23
- Sun Y, Chen JDZ. Gastric electrical stimulation reduces gastric tone energy dependently. Scand J Gastroenterol 2005; 40: 154–9
- Qin C, Sun Y, Chen JDZ, Foreman RD. Gastric electrical stimulation modulates neuronal activity in nucleus tractus solitarii in rats. Auton Neurosci. 2005; 119: 1–8
- Ouyang H, Adler S, Yin J, Chen JDZ. Therapeutic potential of chronic gastric electrical stimulation for obesity and its possible mechanisms: a preliminary canine study. Dig Dis Sci 2003; 48: 698–705
- Shikora SA, Bessier M, Fisher BL, Trigillo C, Mincure M, Greenstein R. Laparoscopic insertion of the implantable gastric stimulator (IGSTM): initial surgical experience. Obesity Surg 2000;10: App 3-A.
- Cigaina V. Longterm effects of gastric pacing to reduce feed intake in swine. Obesity Surg 1996; 6: 250–3
- Favretti F, Luca MD, Segato G, Busetto L, Ceoloni A, Magon A, et al. Treatment of morbid obesity with the transcend implantable gastric stimulator (IGS): a prospective survey. Obesity Surg 2004; 14: 1–5