References
- Schoen R. Experimentelle untersuchungen uber meteorismus. Dtsch Arch Klin Med 1925.
- McIver MA, Redfield AC, Benedict EB. Gaseous exchange between the blood and the lumen of the stomach and intestines. Am J Physiol 1926; 76: 92–111
- Campbell JA. Gas tensions in the mucous membrane of the stomach and small intestine. Q J Exp Physiol 1932; 22: 159–65
- Rune SJ. The duodenal PCO2 in duodenal ulcer patients and normal subjects. Acta Hepatogastroenterol (Stuttgart) 1972; 19: 386–7
- Knichwitz G, Rotker J, Mollhoff T, Richter KD, Brussel T. Continuous intramucosal PCO2 measurement allows the early detection of intestinal malperfusion. Crit Care Med 1998; 26: 1550–7
- Kolkman JJ, Groeneveld AB. Occlusive and non-occlusive gastrointestinal ischaemia: a clinical review with special emphasis on the diagnostic value of tonometry. Scand J Gastroenterol 1998; Suppl 225: 3–12
- Fiddian-Green RG, Stanley JC, Nostrant T, Philips D. Chronic gastric ischemia. A cause of abdominal pain or bleeding identified from the presence of gastric mucosal acidosis. J Cardiovasc Surg 1989; 30: 852–9
- Kolkman JJ, Otte JA, Groeneveld AB. Gastrointestinal luminal PCO2 tonometry: an update on physiology, methodology and clinical applications. Br J Anaesth 2000; 84: 74–86
- Heard SO, Helsmoortel CM, Kent JC, Shahnarian A, Fink MP. Gastric tonometry in healthy volunteers: effect of ranitidine on calculated intramural pH. Crit Care Med 1991; 19: 271–4
- Kolkman JJ, Groeneveld AB, Meuwissen SG. Effect of gastric feeding on intragastric P(CO2) tonometry in healthy volunteers. J Crit Care 1999; 14: 34–8
- Sieber C, Beglinger C, Jager K, Stalder GA. Intestinal phase of superior mesentery artery blood flow in man. Gut 1992; 33: 497–501
- Parker DR, Carlisle K, Cowan FJ, Corrall RJ, Read AE. Postprandial mesenteric bloodflow in humans: relationships to endogenous gastrointestinal hormone secretion and energy content of food. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1995; 7: 435–40
- Humphrey SP, Williamson RT. A review of saliva: normal composition, flow, and function. J Prosthet Dent 2001; 85: 162–9
- Chapman MV, Woolf RL, Bennett-Guerrero E, Mythen MG. The effect of hypothermia on calculated values using saline and automated air tonometry. Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2002; 16: 304–7
- Dohgomori H, Arikawa K, Kanmura Y. Effect of temperature on gastric intramucosal POC2 measurement by saline and air tonometry. J Anesth 2003; 17: 284–6
- Winship DH, Robinson JE. Acid loss in the human duodenum: volume change, osmolal loss and CO2 production in response to acid loss. Gastroenterology 1974; 66: 181–8
- Ovesen L, Bendtsen F, Tage-Jensen U, Pedersen NT, Gram BR, Rune SJ. Intraluminal pH in the stomach, duodenum, and proximal jejunum in normal subjects and patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Gastroenterology 1986; 90: 958–62
- Hannibal S, Rune SJ. Duodenal bulb pH in normal subjects. Eur J Clin Invest 1983; 13: 455–60
- Isenberg JI, Hogan DL, Thomas FJ. Duodenal mucosal bicarbonate secretion in humans: a brief review. Scand J Gastroenterol 1986; 21: 106–9
- Singer MV. Pancreatic secretory response to intestinal stimulants: a review. Scand J Gastroenterol 1987; Suppl 139: 1–13
- Veale D, Fagret D, Pepin JL, Bonnet C, Siche JP, Levy P. Circadian changes of left ventricular ejection fraction in normal subjects. Chronobiol Int 1994; 11: 200–10
- Veerman DP, Imholz BPM, Wieling W, Wesseling KH, van Montfrans GA. Circadian profile of systemic hemodynamics. Hypertension 1995; 26: 55–9
- Leodolter A, Glasbrenner B, Wiedeck H, Eberhardt H, Malfertheiner P, Brinkmann A. Influence of Helicobacter pylori infection and omeprazole treatment on gastric regional CO2. Digestion 2003; 67: 179–85
- Brown CM, Snowdon CF, Slee B, Sandle LN, Rees WDW. Measurement of bicarbonate output from the intact human oesophagus. Gut 1993; 34: 872–80
- Mertz-Nielsen A, Hillingso J, Bukhave K, Rask-Madsen. Reappraisal of bicarbonate secretion by the human oesophagus. Gut 1997; 40: 582–6
- Girelli CM, Cuvello P, Limido E, Rocca F. Duodenogastric reflux: an update. Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91: 648–53
- Rees WDW, Go VLW, Malagelada JR. Simultaneous measurement of antroduodenal motility, gastric emptying, and duodenogastric reflux in man. Gut 1979; 20: 963–70
- Byrne JP, Romagnoli R, Bechi P, Attwood SEA, Fuchs KH, Collard J. Duodenogastric reflux of bile in health: normal range. Physiol Meas 1999; 20: 149–58
- Severinghaus J, Bradley F. Electrodes for blood PO2 and PCO2 determination. J Appl Physiol 1958; 13: 515–20