205
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Basic demographic characteristics and prevalence of comorbidities in acute mesenteric ischemia: a systematic review and proportional meta-analysis

ORCID Icon, , , &
Pages 605-618 | Received 25 Oct 2022, Accepted 22 Nov 2022, Published online: 02 Dec 2022

References

  • Clair DG, Beach JM. Mesenteric ischemia. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(10):959–968.
  • Oldenburg WA, Lau LL, Rodenberg TJ, et al. Acute mesenteric ischemia: a clinical review. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164(10):1054–1062.
  • Bala M, Kashuk J, Moore EE, et al. Acute mesenteric ischemia: guidelines of the world society of emergency surgery. World J Emerg Surg. 2017;12(1):1–11.
  • Duran M, Pohl E, Grabitz K, et al. The importance of open emergency surgery in the treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia. World J Emerg Surg. 2015;10(1):1–6.
  • Wu W, Liu J, Zhou Z. Preoperative risk factors for short-term postoperative mortality of acute mesenteric ischemia after laparotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Emerg Med Int. 2020;2020:1382475.
  • Sumbal R, Baig MMA, Sumbal A. Predictors of mortality in acute mesenteric ischemia: a systematic review and Meta-Analysis. J Surg Res. 2022;275:72–86.
  • Tilsed J, Casamassima A, Kurihara H, et al. ESTES guidelines: acute mesenteric ischaemia. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2016;42(2):253–270.
  • Stoney RJ, Cunningham CG. Acute mesenteric ischemia. Surgery. 1993;114(3):489–490.
  • Yasuhara H. Acute mesenteric ischemia: the challenge of gastroenterology. Surg Today. 2005;35(3):185–195.
  • Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Syst Rev. 2021;10(1):1–11.
  • Nakagawa S, Poulin R, Mengersen K, et al. Meta‐analysis of variation: ecological and evolutionary applications and beyond. Methods Ecol Evol. 2015;6(2):143–152.
  • Freeman MF, Tukey JW. Transformations related to the angular and the square root. Ann Math Statist. 1950;21(4):607–611.
  • DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials. 1986;7(3):177–188.
  • Alhan E, Usta A, Çekiç A, et al. A study on 107 patients with acute mesenteric ischemia over 30 years. Int J Surg. 2012;10(9):510–513.
  • Altintoprak F, Arslan Y, Yalkin O, et al. Mean platelet volume as a potential prognostic marker in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia–retrospective study. World J Emerg Surg. 2013;8(1):49.
  • Türkoğlu A, Gül M, Oğuz A, et al. Mean platelet volume: is it a predictive parameter in diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia? Int Surg. 2015;100(5):962–965.
  • Aktimur R, Cetinkunar S, Yildirim K, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a diagnostic biomarker for the diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2016;42(3):363–368.
  • Destek S, Yabacı A, Abik YN, et al. Predictive and prognostic value of L-lactate, D-dimer, leukocyte, C-reactive protein and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2020;26(1):86–94.
  • Yılmaz EM, Cartı EB. Prognostic factors in acute mesenteric ischemia and evaluation with mannheim peritonitis index and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2017;23(4):301–305.
  • Ozturk S, Unver M, Ozdemir M, et al. Prognostic factors in acute mesenteric ischemia and evaluation with multiple logistic regression analysis effecting morbidity and mortality. Pol Przegl Chir. 2020;93(1):25–33.
  • Yıldırım D, Hut A, Tatar C, et al. Prognostic factors in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. Turk J Surg. 2017;33(2):104–109.
  • Bilgic I, Dolu F, Şenol K, et al. Prognostic significance of red cell distribution width in acute mesenteric ischemia. Perfusion. 2015;30(2):161–165.
  • Dinc T, Yildiz B, Kayilioglu I, et al. Red cell distribution width, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and anticoagulant use affect mortality in acute arterial mesenteric ischemia. Perfusion. 2015;30(4):337–340.
  • Aliosmanoglu I, Gul M, Kapan M, et al. Risk factors effecting mortality in acute mesenteric ischemia and mortality rates: a single center experience. Int Surg. 2013;98(1):76–81.
  • Kisaoglu A, Bayramoglu A, Ozogul B, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of red cell distribution width in diagnosing acute mesenteric ischemia in patients with abdominal pain. World J Surg. 2014;38(11):2770–2776.
  • Karadeniz E, Bayramoğlu A, Atamanalp SS. Sensitivity and specificity of the Platelet-Lymphocyte ratio and the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio in diagnosing acute mesenteric ischemia in patients operated on for the diagnosis of mesenteric ischemia: a retrospective Case-Control study. J Invest Surg. 2020;33(8):774–781.
  • Bilgiç IC, Gelecek S, Ozmen MM, et al. The association of elevated mean platelet volume with the outcome of acute mesenteric ischemia. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2015;26(7):727–730.
  • Akyıldız HY, Sözüer E, Uzer H, et al. The length of necrosis and renal insufficiency predict the outcome of acute mesenteric ischemia. Asian J Surg. 2015;38(1):28–32.
  • Güzel M, Sözüer EM, Salt Ö, et al. The value of the serum I-FABP level for diagnosing acute mesenteric ischemia. Surg Today. 2014;44(11):2072–2076.
  • Wu W, Zhou Z. A comprehensive way to access hospital death prediction model for acute mesenteric ischemia: a combination of traditional statistics and machine learning. Int J Gen Med. 2021;14:591–602.
  • Zhuang X, Chen F, Zhou Q, et al. A rapid preliminary prediction model for intestinal necrosis in acute mesenteric ischemia: a retrospective study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2021;21(1):1–8.
  • Huang H-H, Chang Y-C, Yen DH-T, et al. Clinical factors and outcomes in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia in the emergency department. J Chin Med Assoc. 2005;68(7):299–306.
  • Wu W, Yang L, Zhou Z. Clinical features and factors affecting postoperative mortality for obstructive acute mesenteric ischemia in China: a hospital-based survey. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2020;16:479–487.
  • Yang S, Zhao Y, Chen J, et al. Clinical features and outcomes of patients with acute mesenteric ischemia and concomitant Colon ischemia: a retrospective cohort study. J Surg Res. 2019;233:231–239.
  • Yang S, Fan X, Ding W, et al. D-dimer as an early marker of severity in patients with acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2014;93(29):e270.
  • Jia Z, Jiang G, Tian F, et al. Early endovascular treatment of superior mesenteric occlusion secondary to thromboemboli. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2014;47(2):196–203.
  • Liu K, Liu S, Li L, et al. Evaluation of endovascular therapy combined with bowel resection treatment on patients with acute mesenteric venous thrombosis. Ann Vasc Surg. 2020;65:72–81.
  • Hsu H-P, Shan Y-S, Hsieh Y-H, et al. Impact of etiologic factors and APACHE II and POSSUM scores in management and clinical outcome of acute intestinal ischemic disorders after surgical treatment. World J Surg. 2006;30(12):2152–2162.
  • Yang S, Fan X, Ding W, et al. Multidisciplinary stepwise management strategy for acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis: an intestinal stroke center experience. Thromb Res. 2015;135(1):36–45.
  • Wang S, Liu H, Wang Q, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio are effective predictors of prognosis in patients with acute mesenteric arterial embolism and thrombosis. Ann Vasc Surg. 2018;49:115–122.
  • Jiang M, Li C-L, Pan C-Q, et al. Nomogram for predicting transmural bowel infarction in patients with acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2020;26(26):3800–3813.
  • Wang X, Chu C, Sun S, et al. Outcomes and clinical characteristics of transmural intestinal necrosis in acute mesenteric ischemia. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2019;54(8):953–959.
  • Yang S, Zhang L, Liu K, et al. Postoperative catheter-directed thrombolysis versus systemic anticoagulation for acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis. Ann Vasc Surg. 2016;35:88–97.
  • Wang Y, Zhao R, Xia L, et al. Predictive risk factors of intestinal necrosis in patients with mesenteric venous thrombosis: retrospective study from a single center. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;2019:8906803.
  • Crawford RS, Harris DG, Klyushnenkova EN, et al. A statewide analysis of the incidence and outcomes of acute mesenteric ischemia in Maryland from 2009 to 2013. Front Surg. 2016;3:22.
  • Andraska E, Haga L, Reitz K, et al. Acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis results in high rates of readmission and morbidity. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2020;8(5):748–755.
  • Beaulieu RJ, Arnaoutakis KD, Abularrage CJ, et al. Comparison of open and endovascular treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia. J Vasc Surg. 2014;59(1):159–164.
  • Park WM, Gloviczki P, Cherry Jr. KJ, et al. Contemporary management of acute mesenteric ischemia: factors associated with survival. J Vasc Surg. 2002;35(3):445–452.
  • Kougias P, Lau D, El Sayed HF, et al. Determinants of mortality and treatment outcome following surgical interventions for acute mesenteric ischemia. J Vasc Surg. 2007;46(3):467–474.
  • Chou EL, Wang LJ, McLellan RM, et al. Evolution in the presentation, treatment, and outcomes of patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. Ann Vasc Surg. 2021;74:53–62.
  • Chhabra L, Srinivasan I, Sareen P, et al. Interatrial block-a novel risk factor for acute mesenteric ischemia. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2012;31(4):191–194.
  • Gupta PK, Natarajan B, Gupta H, et al. Morbidity and mortality after bowel resection for acute mesenteric ischemia. Surgery. 2011;150(4):779–787.
  • Atre ID, Eurboonyanun K, O'Shea A, et al. Predictors of transmural intestinal necrosis in patients presenting with acute mesenteric ischemia on computed tomography. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2022;47(5):1636–1643.
  • Hedayati N, Riha GM, Kougias P, et al. Prognostic factors and treatment outcome in mesenteric vein thrombosis. Vasc Endovascular Surg. 2008;42(3):217–224.
  • Gearhart SL, Delaney CP, Senagore AJ, et al. Prospective assessment of the predictive value of [alpha]-glutathione S-transferase for intestinal ischemia/discussion. Am Surg. 2003;69(4):324–329; discussion 329.
  • Char DJ, Cuadra SA, Hines GL, et al. Surgical intervention for acute intestinal lschemia: experience in a community teaching hospital. Vasc Endovascular Surg. 2003;37(4):245–252.
  • Endean ED, Barnes SL, Kwolek CJ, et al. Surgical management of thrombotic acute intestinal ischemia. Ann Surg. 2001;233(6):801–808.
  • Sindall ME, Davenport DL, Wallace P, et al. Validation of the American association for the surgery of trauma grading system for acute mesenteric ischemia—more than anatomic severity is needed to determine risk of mortality. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2020;88(5):671–676.
  • Acosta S, Ögren M, Sternby N-H, et al. Clinical implications for the management of acute thromboembolic occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery: autopsy findings in 213 patients. Ann Surg. 2005;241(3):516–522.
  • Salim S, Ekberg O, Elf J, et al. Clinical implications of CT findings in mesenteric venous thrombosis at admission. Emerg Radiol. 2018;25(4):407–413.
  • Acosta S, Block T, Björnsson S, et al. Diagnostic pitfalls at admission in patients with acute superior mesenteric artery occlusion. J Emerg Med. 2012;42(6):635–641.
  • Salim S, Ekberg O, Elf J, et al. Evaluation of direct oral anticoagulants and vitamin K antagonists in mesenteric venous thrombosis. Phlebology. 2019;34(3):171–178.
  • Acosta S, Ögren M, Sternby NH, et al. Fatal nonocclusive mesenteric ischaemia: population‐based incidence and risk factors. J Intern Med. 2006;259(3):305–313.
  • Acosta S, Ögren M, Sternby N-H, et al. Incidence of acute thrombo-embolic occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery—a population-based study. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2004;27(2):145–150.
  • Acosta S, Ögren M, Sternby N-H, et al. Mesenteric venous thrombosis with transmural intestinal infarction: a population-based study. J Vasc Surg. 2005;41(1):59–63.
  • Wadman M, Syk I, Elmståhl S. Survival after operations for ischaemic bowel disease. Eur J Surg. 2000;166(11):872–877.
  • Bourcier S, Oudjit A, Goudard G, et al. Diagnosis of non-occlusive acute mesenteric ischemia in the intensive care unit. Ann Intensive Care. 2016;6(1):1–8.
  • Calame P, Winiszewski H, Doussot A, et al. Evaluating the risk of irreversible intestinal necrosis among critically ill patients with nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2021;116(7):1506–1513.
  • Lareyre F, Augène E, Chikande J, et al. Evaluation of the impact of sarcopenia in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. Ann Vasc Surg. 2020;63:170–178. e171.
  • Nuzzo A, Joly F, Ronot M, SURVI group, et al. Normal lactate and unenhanced CT-scan result in delayed diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2020;115(11):1902–1905.
  • Nuzzo A, Maggiori L, Paugam-Burtz C, et al. Oral antibiotics reduce intestinal necrosis in acute mesenteric ischemia: a prospective cohort study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019;114(2):348–351.
  • Leone M, Bechis C, Baumstarck K, et al. Outcome of acute mesenteric ischemia in the intensive care unit: a retrospective, multicenter study of 780 cases. Intensive Care Med. 2015;41(4):667–676.
  • Nuzzo A, Maggiori L, Ronot M, et al. Predictive factors of intestinal necrosis in acute mesenteric ischemia: prospective study from an intestinal stroke center. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017;112(4):597–605.
  • Lareyre F, Augène E, Massalou D, et al. Vascular calcifications are associated with increased mortality in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. Ann Vasc Surg. 2021;72:88–97.
  • Nakamura F, Yui R, Muratsu A, et al. A strategy for improving the prognosis of non‐occlusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI): a single‐center observational study. Acute Med Surg. 2019;6(4):365–370.
  • Yukaya T, Saeki H, Taketani K, et al. Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors after surgery for non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia: a multicenter study. J Gastrointest Surg. 2014;18(9):1642–1647.
  • Matsumoto S, Sekine K, Funaoka H, et al. Diagnostic performance of plasma biomarkers in patients with acute intestinal ischaemia. Br J Surg. 2014;101(3):232–238.
  • Murata T, Kawachi J, Igarashi Y, et al. Monitoring the sequential organ failure assessment score in nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia increases the survival rate: a single-center observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(48):e28056.
  • Suzuki S, Kondo H, Furukawa A, et al. Prognostic factors of preoperative examinations for non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia: a multicenter retrospective project study conducted by the japanese society for abdominal emergency medicine. World J Surg. 2020;44(11):3687–3694.
  • Takiguchi T, Nakajima M, Ohbe H, et al. Vasodilator therapy and mortality in nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia: a nationwide observational study. Crit Care Med. 2020;48(5):e356–e361.
  • Stahl K, Busch M, Maschke SK, et al. A retrospective analysis of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia in medical and surgical ICU patients: clinical data on demography, clinical signs, and survival. J Intensive Care Med. 2020;35(11):1162–1172.
  • Matthaei H, Klein A, Branchi V, et al. Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI): absence of renal insufficiency and performance of early bowel resection may indicate improved outcomes. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2019;34(10):1781–1790.
  • Martini V, Lederer A-K, Fink J, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with acute mesenteric ischemia: a retrospective cohort analysis. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2022;407(3):1225–1232.
  • Pedersoli F, Schönau K, Schulze-Hagen M, et al. Endovascular revascularization with stent implantation in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia due to acute arterial thrombosis: clinical outcome and predictive factors. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2021;44(7):1030–1038.
  • Dahlke M, Asshoff L, Popp F, et al. Mesenteric ischemia–outcome after surgical therapy in 83 patients. Dig Surg. 2008;25(3):213–219.
  • Ritz J-P, Germer C-T, Buhr HJ. Prognostic factors for mesenteric infarction: multivariate analysis of 187 patients with regard to patient age. Ann Vasc Surg. 2005;19(3):328–334.
  • Kärkkäinen JM, Lehtimäki TT, Manninen H, et al. Acute mesenteric ischemia is a more common cause than expected of acute abdomen in the elderly. J Gastrointest Surg. 2015;19(8):1407–1414.
  • Lemma AN, Tolonen M, Vikatmaa P, et al. Choice of first emergency room affects the fate of patients with acute mesenteric ischaemia: the importance of referral patterns and triage. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2019;57(6):842–849.
  • Kärkkäinen JM, Lehtimäki TT, Saari P, et al. Endovascular therapy as a primary revascularization modality in acute mesenteric ischemia. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2015;38(5):1119–1129.
  • Tolonen M, Lemma A, Vikatmaa P, et al. The implementation of a pathway and care bundle for the management of acute occlusive arterial mesenteric ischemia reduced mortality. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2021;91(3):480–488.
  • Arnalich F, Maldifassi MC, Ciria E, et al. Association of cell-free plasma DNA with perioperative mortality in patients with suspected acute mesenteric ischemia. Clin Chim Acta. 2010;411(17-18):1269–1274.
  • Huerta C, Rivero E, Montoro M, et al. Risk factors for intestinal ischaemia among patients registered in a UK primary care database: a nested case–control study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011;33(8):969–978.
  • Acosta-Mérida MA, Marchena-Gómez J, Saavedra-Santana P, et al. Surgical outcomes in acute mesenteric ischemia: has anything changed over the years? World J Surg. 2020;44(1):100–107.
  • Marchena-Gomez J, Acosta-Merida MA, Hemmersbach-Miller M, et al. The age-adjusted charlson comorbidity index as an outcome predictor of patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. Ann Vasc Surg. 2009;23(4):458–464.
  • Milone M, Di Minno MND, Musella M, et al. Computed tomography findings of pneumatosis and portomesenteric venous gas in acute bowel ischemia. World J Gastroenterol. 2013;19(39):6579–6584.
  • Canfora A, Ferronetti A, Marte G, et al. Predictive factors of intestinal necrosis in acute mesenteric ischemia. Open Med (Wars). 2019;14(1):883–889.
  • Paladino NC, Inviati A, Di Paola V, et al. Predictive factors of mortality in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. A retrospective study. Ann Ital Chir. 2014;85(3):265–270.
  • Al-Shraim MM, Zafer MH, Rahman GA. Acute occlusive mesenteric ischemia in high altitude of southwestern region of Saudi Arabia. Ann Afr Med. 2012;11(1):5–10.
  • Bukhari HA, Kumar A. Early surgical intervention improves survival in acute intestinal ischemia in the intensive care unit. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:6672591.
  • Abu-Daff S, Abu-Daff N, Al-Shahed M. Mesenteric venous thrombosis and factors associated with mortality: a statistical analysis with five-year follow-up. J Gastrointest Surg. 2009;13(7):1245–1250.
  • Naazar AA, Omair A, Chu SH, et al. A shifting trend towards endovascular intervention in the treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia. Cureus. 2021;13(10):e18544. DOI:10.7759/cureus.18544
  • Parys S, Daneshmand A, Sieunarine K, et al. The effect of comorbidity on early clinical decision making in acute mesenteric ischemia. Acta Chir Belg. 2022;122(5):341–345.
  • Emile SH, Elmetwally AM, AbdelMawla A. Outcome of laparotomy and conservative treatment of patients with acute mesenteric venous ischemia with viable bowel. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2022 Mar 9. Epub ahead of print.
  • Emile SH. Predictive factors for intestinal transmural necrosis in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. World J Surg. 2018;42(8):2364–2372.
  • Yun W-S, Lee KK, Cho J, et al. Treatment outcome in patients with acute superior mesenteric artery embolism. Ann Vasc Surg. 2013;27(5):613–620.
  • Kim H-K, Hwang D, Park S, et al. Treatment outcomes and risk factors for bowel infarction in patients with acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2017;5(5):638–646.
  • Caluwaerts M, Castanares-Zapatero D, Laterre P-F, et al. Prognostic factors of acute mesenteric ischemia in ICU patients. BMC Gastroenterol. 2019;19(1):1–10.
  • Safioleas MC, Moulakakis KG, Papavassiliou VG, et al. Acute mesenteric ischaemia, a highly lethal disease with a devastating outcome. Vasa. 2006;35(2):106–111.
  • Al-Thani H, El-Mabrok J, El-Menyar A, et al. Clinical presentation and outcome of mesenteric vein thrombosis: a single-center experience. Angiology. 2015;66(3):249–256.
  • Sreedharan S, Tan Y, Tan S, et al. Clinical spectrum and surgical management of acute mesenteric ischaemia in Singapore. Singapore Med J. 2007;48(4):319–323.
  • Studer P, Vaucher A, Candinas D, et al. The value of serial serum lactate measurements in predicting the extent of ischemic bowel and outcome of patients suffering acute mesenteric ischemia. J Gastrointest Surg. 2015;19(4):751–755.
  • Nonthasoot B, Tullavardhana T, Sirichindakul B, et al. Acute mesenteric ischemia: still high mortality rate in the era of 24-hour availability of angiography. Journal-Medical Association of Thailand. 2005;88:s46.
  • Wang FS, Fan JG, Zhang Z, et al. The global burden of liver disease: the major impact of China. Hepatology. 2014;60(6):2099–2108.
  • Tran TB, Worhunsky DJ, Spain DA, et al. The significance of underlying cardiac comorbidity on major adverse cardiac events after major liver resection. HPB (Oxford). 2016;18(9):742–747.
  • Wang J, Chen K, Li X, et al. Postoperative adverse events in patients with diabetes undergoing orthopedic and general surgery. Medicine. 2019;98(14):e15089.
  • Frisch A, Chandra P, Smiley D, et al. Prevalence and clinical outcome of hyperglycemia in the perioperative period in noncardiac surgery. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(8):1783–1788.
  • Berwanger O, de Barros E Silva PGM, Barbosa RR, LOAD Investigators, et al. Atorvastatin for high-risk statin-naïve patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: the lowering the risk of operative complications using atorvastatin loading dose (LOAD) randomized trial. Am Heart J. 2017;184:88–96.
  • Dunkelgrun M, Boersma E, Schouten O, et al. Bisoprolol and fluvastatin for the reduction of perioperative cardiac mortality and myocardial infarction in intermediate-risk patients undergoing noncardiovascular surgery: a randomized controlled trial (DECREASE-IV). In: LWW; 2009.
  • Parikh DS, Swaminathan M, Archer LE, et al. Perioperative outcomes among patients with end-stage renal disease following coronary artery bypass surgery in the USA. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25(7):2275–2283.
  • Thourani VH, Sarin EL, Kilgo PD, et al. Short-and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing valve surgery with end-stage renal failure receiving chronic hemodialysis. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012;144(1):117–123.
  • Moran-Atkin E, Stem M, Lidor AO. Surgery for diverticulitis is associated with high risk of in-hospital mortality and morbidity in older patients with end-stage renal disease. Surgery. 2014;156(2):361–370.
  • Scaglione S, Kliethermes S, Cao G, et al. The epidemiology of cirrhosis in the United States. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015;49(8):690–696.
  • Gupta H, Ramanan B, Gupta PK, et al. Impact of COPD on postoperative outcomes: results from a national database. Chest. 2013;143(6):1599–1606.
  • Benesch C, Glance LG, Derdeyn CP, American Heart Association Stroke Council; Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, et al. Perioperative neurological evaluation and management to lower the risk of acute stroke in patients undergoing noncardiac, nonneurological surgery: a scientific statement from the American heart association/American stroke association. Circulation. 2021;143(19):e923–e946.
  • Siasos G, Tsigkou V, Kokkou E, et al. Smoking and atherosclerosis: mechanisms of disease and new therapeutic approaches. Curr Med Chem. 2014;21(34):3936–3948.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.