References
- Thomsen HS, Dorph S, Olsen S. Pyelorenal backflow in rabbits following clamping of the renal vein and artery: radiologic and microscopic investigation. Acta Radiol Diagn 1982; 23: 143–8
- Saltzman B, Khasidy LR, Smith AD. Measurement of renal pelvis pressures during endourologic procedures. Urology 1987; 30: 472–4
- Wilson WT, Preminger GM. Intrarenal pressures generated during flexible deflectable ureterorenoscopy. J Endourol 1990; 4: 135–41
- Djurhuus JC. Aspects of renal pelvic function [MS Thesis]. University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1980
- Schwalb DM, Eshghi M, Davidian M, Franco I. Morphological and physiological changes in the urinary tract associated with ureteral dilation and ureteropyeloscopy: an experimental study. J Urol 1993; 149: 1576–85
- Thomsen HS. Pyelorenal backflow. Clinical and experimental investigations. Radiologic, nuclear, medical and pathoanatomic studies. Dan Med Bull 1984; 31: 438–57
- Sonda LP, Fischer CP, Gross MD, Skinner RW. Pyelovenous backflow: implications for coagulum pyelolithotomy and nephroscopy. J Urol 1985; 133: 894–6
- Boccafoschi C, Lugnani F. Intra-renal reflux. Urol Res 1985; 13: 253–8
- Danuser H, Weiss R, Abel D, Walter B, Scholtysik G, Mettler D, et al. Systemic and topical drug administration in the pig ureter: effect of phosphodiesterase inhibitors, alpha1, beta and beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists and antagonists on the frequency and amplitude of ureteral contractions. J Urol 2001; 166: 714–20
- Selmy GI, Hassouna MM, KhalafI M, Elhilali MM. Effects of verapamil, prostaglandin F2 alpha, phenylephrine, and noradrenaline on upper urinary tract dynamics. Urology 1994; 43: 31–5
- Holst U, Dissing T, Rawashdeh YF, Frokiaer J, Djurhuus JC, Mortensen J. Norepinephrine inhibits the pelvic pressure increase in response to flow perfusion. J Urol 2003; 170: 268–71
- Park YC, Tomiyama Y, Hayakawa K, Akahane M, Ajisawa Y, Miyatake R, et al. Existence of a beta3-adrenoceptor and its functional role in the human ureter. J Urol 2000; 164: 1364–70
- Jung HU, Frimodt-Møller PC, Osther PJ, Mortensen J. Pharmacological effect on pyeloureteral dynamics with a clinical perspective—a review of the literature. Urol Res 2006; 34: 341–50
- Jakobsen JS, Holst U, Jakobsen P, Steen W, Mortensen J. Local and systemic effects of endoluminal pelvic perfusion of isoproterenol: a dose–response investigation in pigs. J Urol 2007; 177: 1934–8
- Wanajo I, Tomiyama Y, Yamazaki Y, Kojima M, Shibata N. Pharmacological characterization of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating relaxation in porcine isolated ureteral smooth muscle. J Urol 2004; 172: 1155–9
- Hollenbeck BK, Schuster TG, Faerber GJ, Wolf JS, Jr. Comparison of outcomes of ureteroscopy for ureteral calculi located above and below the pelvic brim. Urology 2001; 58: 351–6
- Schuster TG, Hollenbeck BK, Faerber GJ, Wolf JS, Jr. Complications of ureteroscopy: analysis of predictive factors. J Urol 2001; 166: 538–40
- Chow GK, Patterson DE, Blute ML, Segura JW. Ureteroscopy: effect of technology and technique on clinical practice. J Urol 2003; 170: 99–102
- Lim DJ, Shattuck MC, Cook WA. Pyelovenous lymphatic migration of transitional cell carcinoma following flexible ureterorenoscopy. J Urol 1993; 149: 109–11
- Porpiglia F, Ghignone G, Fiori C, Fontana D, Scarpa RM. Nifedipine versus tamsulosin for the management of lower ureteral stones. J Urol 2004; 172: 568–71
- Yilmaz E, Batislam E, Basar MM, Tuglu D, Ferhat M, Basar H. The comparison and efficacy of 3 different alpha1-adrenergic blockers for distal ureteral stones. J Urol 2005; 173: 2010–12
- Ames CD, Weld KJ, Dryer ST, Hruby G, Minor SD, Yan Y, et al. Pharmacologic manipulation of the porcine ureter: acute impact of topical drugs on ureteral diameter and peristaltic activity. J Endourol 2006; 20: 943–8