Women’s Civil Rights and the Worldwide Liberalization of Abortion on Demand and for Socio-Economic Reasons

References

• Asal, Victor, Mitchell Brown, and Renee Gibson Figueroa. 2008. “Structure, Empowerment and the Liberalization of Cross-National Abortion Rights.” Politics & Gender 4:265–84. doi: 10.1017/S1743923X08000184.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashraf, Nava, Dean Karlan, and Wesley Yin. 2010. “Female Empowerment: Impact of a Commitment Savings Product in the Philippines.” World Development 38:333–44. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.05.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asman, Oren. 2004. “Abortion in Islamic Countries - Legal and Religious Aspects.” Medicine & Law 23:73–90.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blofield, Merike. 2006. The Politics of Moral Sin: Abortion and Divorce in Spain, Chile and Argentina. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bloom, David E, David Canning, Günther Fink, and Jocelyn E Finlay. 2009. “Fertility, Female Labour Force Participation, and the Demographic Dividend.” Journal of Economic Growth 14:79–101. doi: 10.1007/s10887-009-9039-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blumberg, Rae Lesser. 1984. “A General Theory of Gender Stratification.” Sociological Theory 2:23–101. doi: 10.2307/223343.
   Google Scholar
• Boehmke, Frederick J. 2009. “Approaches to Modeling the Adoption and Diffusion of Policies with Multiple Components.” States Politics & Policy Quarterly 9:229–52. doi: 10.1177/153244000900900205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Box-Steffensmeier, Janet M., Suzanna De Boef, and Kyle A. Joyce. 2007. “Event Dependence and Heterogeneity in Duration Models: The Conditional Frailty Model.” Political Analysis 15:237–56. doi: 10.1093/pan/mpm013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Box-Steffensmeier, Janet and Bradford S. Jones. 2004. Event History Analysis: A Guide for Social Scientists. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Boyle, Elizabeth, Minzee Kim, and Wesley Longhofer. 2015. “Abortion Liberalization in World Society, 1960-2009.” American Journal of Sociology 121:882–913. doi: 10.1086/682827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Branisa, Boris, Stephan Klasen, and Maria Ziegler. 2013. “Gender Inequality in Social Institutions and Gendered Development Outcomes.” World Development 45:252–68. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.12.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burroway, Rebekah. 2012. “A Cross-National Analysis of Sex-Specific HIV Prevalence Rates and Women’s Access to Property, Land, and Loans in Developing Countries.” International Journal of Sociology 42:47–67. doi: 10.2753/IJS0020-7659420203.
   Google Scholar
• Carter, David B. and Curtis S. Signorino. 2010. “Back to the Future: Modeling Time Dependence in Binary Data.” Political Analysis 18:271–92. doi: 10.1093/pan/mpq013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cingranelli, David L., David L. Richards, and K. Chad Clay. 2014. “The CIRI Human Rights Dataset.” Version 2014.04.14. Retrieved (http://www.humanrightsdata.com).
   Google Scholar
• Cleves, Mario A., William W. Gould, and Roberto G. Gutierrez. 2008. An Introduction to Survival Analysis Using Stata. College Station, TX: Stata Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• Coleman, Isobel. 2004. “The Payoff from Women’s Rights.” Foreign Affairs 83:80–95. doi: 10.2307/20033977.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins, Randall, Janet Saltzman Chafetz, Rae Lesser Blumberg, Scott Coltrane, and Jonathan H Turner. 1993. “Toward an Integrated Theory of Gender Stratification.” Sociological Perspectives 36:185–216. doi: 10.2307/1389242.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connel, Raewyn. 2002. Gender. London: Polity.
   Google Scholar
• Connelly, Matthew. 2008. Fatal Misconception: The Struggle to Control World Population. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cook, Rebecca J. 1995. “International Human Rights and Women’s Reproductive Health.” Pp. 256–75 in Women’s Rights, Human Rights: International Feminist Perspectives, edited by J. Peters and A. Wolper. New York: Routledge,
   Google Scholar
• Cook, Rebecca J. 2014. “Stigmatized Meanings of Criminal Abortion Law.” Pp. 347–69 in Abortion Law in Transnational Perspective, edited by R. Cook, J. Erdman, and B. Dickens. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
   Google Scholar
• Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, M. Steven Fish, Adam Glynn, Allen Hicken, et al. 2019. “V-Dem Codebook V9.” Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.
   Google Scholar
• Deere, Carmen Diana and Magdalena León. 2001. Empowering Women: Land and Porperty Rights in Latin America. Pittsburg: University of Pittsburg Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dixon-Mueller, Ruth. 1993. Population Policy & Women’s Rights: Transforming Reproductive Choice. Westport: Praeger.
   Google Scholar
• Elias, Julio, Nicola Lacetera, Mario Macis, and Paola Salandi. 2017. “Economic Development & the Regulation of Morally Contentious Activities.” American Economic Review 107:76–80. doi: 10.1257/aer.p20171098.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• England, Paula. 2000. “Conceptualizing Women’s Empowerment in Countries of the North.” Pp. 37–68 in Women’s Empowerment and the Demographic Process, edited by Harriet Presser and Gita Sen. New York: Oxford University Press,
   Google Scholar
• Fioretos, Orfeo, ed. 2016. Oxford Handbook of Historical Institutionalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Forman-Rabinovici, Aliza and Udi Sommer. 2018a. “Reproductive Health Policy-Makers: Comparing the Influences of International and Domestic Insitutions on Abortion Polic.” Public Administration 96:185–99. doi: 10.1111/padm.12383.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forman-Rabinovici, Aliza and Udi Sommer. 2018b. “An Impediment to Gender Equality?: Religion’s Influence on Development and Reproductive Policy.” World Development 105:48–58. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.12.024.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francome, Colin. 2015. Unsafe Abortion and Women’s Health: Change and Liberalization. New Farnham: Ashgate.
   Google Scholar
• Frank, David John, Bayliss J. Camp, and Steven A. Boutcher. 2010. “Worldwide Trends in the Criminal Regulation of Sex, 1945 to 2005.” American Sociological Review 75:867–93. doi: 10.1177/0003122410388493.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frankowski, Stanislaw and George Cole. 1987. Abortion and Protection of the Human Fetus. Dordrecht: Martinus Nihhoff.
   Google Scholar
• Fraser, Arvonne S. 1999. “Becoming Human: The Origins and Development of Women’s Human Rights.” Human Rights Quarterly 21:853–906. doi: 10.1353/hrq.1999.0050.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Githens, Marianne. 1996. “Reproductive Rights and the Struggle with Change in Eastern Europe.” Pp. 55–70 in Abortion Politics: Public Policy in Cross-Cultural Perspective, edited by M. Githens and D. McBride Stetson. New York: Routledge,
   Google Scholar
• Gonzales, Christian, Sonali Jain-Chandra, Kalpana Kochnar, and Monique Newiak. 2015. “Fair Play: More Equal Laws Boost Female Labor Force Participation.” IMF Staff Discussion Note 15/02.
   Google Scholar
• Harvard School of Public Health. 2013. Annual Review of Population Law. Harvard University.
   Google Scholar
• Hemminki, Elina, Zhuochun Wu, Guiying Cao, Kirsi Viisainen. 2005. “Illegal Births and Legal Abortions – The Case of China.” Reproductive Health 2:1–8. doi: 10.1186/1742-4755-2-5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hensel, Paul. 2018. “ICOW Colonial History Data Set, Version 1.1.” Retrieved (http://www.paulhensel.org/icowcol.html).
   Google Scholar
• Hildebrandt, Achim. 2015. “What Shapes Abortion Law? – A Global Perspective.” Global Policy 6:1–11. doi: 10.1111/gpol.2015.6.issue-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honaker, James, Gary King, and Matthew Blackwell. 2018. “Amelia II: A Program for Missing Data.” Retrieved (https://gking.harvard.edu/amelia).
   Google Scholar
• Htun, Mala. 2003. Sex and the State: Abortion, Divorce, and the Family under Latin American Dictatorships and Democracies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Htun, Mala and S. Laurel Weldon. 2012. “The Civic Origins of Progressive Policy Change: Combating Violence against Women in Global Perspective, 1975-2005.” American Political Science Review 106:548–69. doi: 10.1017/S0003055412000226.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt, Kate and Mike Gruszczynski. 2018. “The Ratification of CEDAW and the Liberalization of Abortion Laws.” Politics & Gender 2018:1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Inglehart, Roland and Chirstian Welzel. 2005. Modernization, Cultural Change, and Democracy: The Human Development Sequence. Cambridge: Cambridge.
   Google Scholar
• James, Spencer L., Paul Gubbins, Christopher J.L. Murray, and Emmanuela Gakidou. 2012. “Developing a Comprehensive Time Series of GDP per Capita for 210 Countries from 1950 to 2015.” Population Health Metrics 10:1–12. doi: 10.1186/1478-7954-10-12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joachim, Jutta. 2007. Agenda Setting, the UN, and NGOs: Violence and Reproductive Rights. Georgetown: Georgetown University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Joffe, C.E., T.A. Weitz, and C.L. Stacey. 2004. “Uneasy Allies: Pro-choice Physicians, Feminist Health Activists and the Struggle for Abortion Rights.” Sociology of Health & Illness 26:775–96. doi: 10.1111/shil.2004.26.issue-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, Todd M. and Gina A. Zurlo, eds. 2018. World Christian Database. Leiden/Boston: Brill.
   Google Scholar
• Kabeer, Naila. 1999. “Resources, Agency, Achievements: Reflections on the Measurement of Women’s Empowerment.” Development and Change 30:435–64. doi: 10.1111/dech.1999.30.issue-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kane, Gillian. 2008. “Abortion Law Reform in Latin America: Lessons for Advocacy.” Gender and Development 16:361–75. doi: 10.1080/13552070802120558.
   Google Scholar
• Kaplan, Gisela. 1992. Contemporary Western European Feminism. London: Allen.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, Khalid S., Daniel Wojdyla, A. Lale Say, Metin Gülmezoglu, and Paul F. A. Van Look. 2006. “WHO Analysis of Causes of Maternal Death: A Systematic Review.” The Lancet 367:1066–74. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68397-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulczycki, Andrezj. 1999. The Abortion Debate in the World Arena. Houndmills: MacMillan Press.
   Google Scholar
• Linders, Annulla. 2004. “Victory and Beyond: A Historical Comparative Analysis of the Outcomes of the Abortion Movements in Sweden and the United States.” Sociological Forum 19:371–404. doi: 10.1023/B:SOFO.0000042554.66359.1d.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lovenduski, Joni. 1986. Women and European Politics: Contemporary Feminism and Public Policy. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.
   Google Scholar
• Luker, Kristin. 1984. Abortion and the Politics of Motherhood. Berkeley: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mackay, Fiona, Meryl Kenny, and Louise Chappell. 2010. “New Institutionalism through a Gender Lens: Towards a Feminist Institutionalism?” International Political Science Review 31:573–88. doi: 10.1177/0192512110388788.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall, T.H. 1992 [1950]. Citizenship and Social Class and Other Essays. Cambridge: University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mazur, Amy G. 2002. Theorizing Feminist Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• McBride Stetson, Dorothy. 1996. “Abortion Policy Triads and Women’s Rights in Russia, the US and France.” Pp. 97–117 in Abortion Politics: Public Policy in Cross-Cultural Perspective, edited by M. Githens and D. M. Stetson. New York: Routledge,
   Google Scholar
• McBride Stetson, Dorothy. 2001. Abortion Politics, Women's Movements, and the Democratic State: A Comparative Study of State Feminism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, Francesca. 1991. Latin American Women and the Search for Social Justice. Hanover: University Press of New England.
   Google Scholar
• Muramatsu, Minoru. 1988. “Japan.” Pp. 293–301 in International Handbook on Abortion, edited by Paul Sachdev. Greenwood Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nussbaum, Martha. 1999. Sex and Social Justice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Outshoorn, Joyce. 1996. “The Stability of Compromise: Abortion Politics in Western Europe.” Pp. 141–64 in Abortion Politics, edited by M. Githens and D.M. Stetson. New York: Routledge,
   Google Scholar
• Parsons, Talcott and Robert F. Bales. 1956. Family: Socialization and Interaction Process. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
   Google Scholar
• Paxton, Pamela and Melanie M. Hughes. 2014. Women, Politics, and Power: A Global Perspective. Los Angeles: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Paxton, Pamela, Melanie M. Hughes, and Matthew A. Painter II. 2010. “Growth in Women’s Political Representation: A Longitudinal Exploration of Democracy, Electoral System and Gender Quotas.” European Journal of Political Research 49:25–52. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6765.2009.01886.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterman, Amber. 2011. “Women’s Property Rights and Gendered Policies: Implications for Women’s Long-Term Welfare in Rural Tanzania.” Journal of Development Studies 47:1–30. doi: 10.1080/00220381003600366.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petersen, Kerry A. 1993. Abortion Regimes. Adelshot: Dartmouth.
   Google Scholar
• Progressive Alliance. 2017. “Political Parties and Associated Partners of the Progressive Alliance.” Retrieved (http://progressive-alliance.info/network/parties-and-organisations/).
   Google Scholar
• Ramirez, Francisco and Elizabeth H. McEneaney. 1997. “From Women’s Suffrage to Reproduction Rights? Cross-National Considerations.” International Journal of Comparative Sociology 38:6–23. doi: 10.1177/002071529703800102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowlands, Sam. 2012. “Abortion Law of Jurisdictions around the World.” International Federation of Professional Abortion and Contraception Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Sen, Amartya. 1999. Development as Freedom. New York: Anchor Books.
   Google Scholar
• Sen, Gita and Srilatha Batliwala. 2000. “Empowering Women for Reproductive Rights.” Pp. 15–36 in Women’s Empowerment and the Demographic Process, edited by Harriet Presser and Gita Sen. New York: Oxford University Press,
   Google Scholar
• Shakya, Ganga, Sabitri Kishore, Cherry Bird, Jennifer Barak. 2004. “Abortion Law Reform in Nepal: Women’s Right to Life and Health.” Reproductive Health Matters 12:75–84. doi: 10.1016/S0968-8080(04)24007-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shapiro, Gilla K. 2013. “Abortion Law in Muslim-majority Countries: An Overview of the Islamic Discourse with Policy Implications.” Health Policy and Planning 29:483–94. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czt040.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, Bonnie G. 2008. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Women in World History. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Socialist International. 2015. “Member Parties of the Socialist International.” Retrieved (http://www.socialistinternational.org/about.cfm).
   Google Scholar
• Solt, Frederick. 2019. “Measuring Income Inequality across Countries and over Time: The Standardized World Income Inequality Database.” SWIID Version 8.0, February.
   Google Scholar
• Stinnett, Douglas M., Jaroslav Tir, Philip Schafer, Paul F. Diehl, and Charles Gochman. 2002. “The Correlates of War Project Direct Contiguity Data, Version 3.” Conflict Management and Peace Science 19:58–66. doi: 10.1177/073889420201900203.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suitters, Beryl. 1973. Be Brave and Angry: Chronicles of the International Planned Parenthood Federation. London: International Planned Parenthood Federation.
   Google Scholar
• Sundström, Aksel, Pamela Paxton, Yi-ting Wang, and Staffan I. Lindberg. 2015. “Women’s Political Empowerment: A New Global Index, 1900-2012.” V-Dem Working Paper 2015, p. 19.
   Google Scholar
• Tietze, Christopher and Stanley K. Henshaw. 1986. Induced Abortion: A World Review 1986. New York: The Alan Guttmacher Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Tripp, Aili Mari. 2006. “The Evolution of Transnational Feminisms: Consensus, Conflict and New Dynamics.” Pp. 51–75 in Global Feminism: Transnational Women’s Activism, Organizing, and Human Rights, edited by Myra Marx Ferree and Aili Mari Tripp. New York: New York University Press,
   Google Scholar
• Union of International Associations. several years. Yearbook of International Organizations. Brussels: UIA.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations. 2001. Abortion Policies: A Global Review. New York: United Nations.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations. Several years. Statistical Yearbook. New York: United Nations.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Human Rights Council. 2014. “Report of the Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.” Retrieved (https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G14/108/66/PDF/G1410866.pdf?OpenElement).
   Google Scholar
• Universal Law Publishing. 2011. The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971. New Delhi: Universal Law Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Valiente, Celia. 2018. “Gender and Politics.” Pp. 143–56 in The SAGE Handbook of Political Sociology, edited by William Outhwaite and Stephen P. Turner. London: Sage,
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Yi-ting, Patrick Lindenfors, Aksel Sunsdtröm, Fredrik Jansson, Pamela Paxton, and Staffan I. Lindberg. 2017. “Women’s Rights in Democratic Transitions: A Global Sequence Analysis, 1900-2012.” European Journal of Political Research 56:735–56. doi: 10.1111/1475-6765.12201.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Welzel, Christian. 2013. Freedom Rising. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. 2016. “World Development Indicators.” World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. 2008. World Health Report 2008. Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. 2019. “Global Abortion Policies Database.” Retrieved (https://abortion-policies.srhr.org/).
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Several years. International Digest of Health Legislation. Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Yishai, Yael. 1993. “Public Ideas and Public Policy: Abortion Politics in Four Democracies.” Comparative Politics 25:207–28. doi: 10.2307/422352.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zielinska, Eleonora. 1987. ““European Socialist Countries.” Pp. 241–334 in Abortion and Protection of the Human Fetus, edited by S.J. Frankowski and G.F. Cole. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff.
   Google Scholar