Acidification in nitrogen-saturated forested catchment

References

• Aber , J.D. , Nadelhoffer , K.J. , Steudler , P. and Melillo , J.M. 1989 . Nitrogen saturation in northern forest ecosystems . BioScience , 39 : 378–386 – 378–386 .
   Google Scholar
• Abrahamsen , G. 1980 . “ Acid precipitation, plant nutrients and forest growth ” . In In Proc. Int. Conf. Impact Acid Precip. , Edited by: Drabøs , D. and Tollan , A. 58–63 – 58–63 . Norway : SNSF Project .
   Google Scholar
• Air Quality Bureau and Japan Environment Agency . 1996 . Air Pollution in Japan-The results of nationwide air quality monitoring in 1995 and its summary-, 1996 , 1–2077 – 1–2077 . Tokyo : Gyosei . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Baba , M. , Okazaki , M. and Hashitani , T. 1995a . Effect of acidic deposition on forested Andisols in the Tama Hill region of Japan . Environ. Pollut. , 89 : 97–106 – 97–106 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baba , M. , Okazaki , M. and Hashitani , T. 1995b . Effect of acid deposition on forested catchment in the western Tokyo, Japan . Water, Air Soil Pollut. , 85 : 1215–1220 – 1215–1220 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cape , J.N. and Lightowlers , P.J. 1988 . Review of Throughfall and Stemflow Chemistry Data in the United Kingdom , 1–64 – 1–64 . Midlothian , , U.K. : Institute of Terrestrial Ecology . ITE Project T07003el, Final Report
   Google Scholar
• Chishima , T. and Okazaki , M. 1997 . A case study on effect of acid deposition on Pinus densijiora trees in Tama Hill region of Japan . Pap. Environ. Inf. Sci. , 11 : 7–12 – 7–12 . (in Japanese with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Cronan , C.S. 1985 . “ Chemical weathering and solution chemistry in acid forest soils: Differential influence of soil type, biotic processes, and H+ deposition ” . In The Chemistry of Weathering , Edited by: Drever , J.J. 175–195 – 175–195 . Dordrecht : D. Reidel Publishing Co. .
   Google Scholar
• Freemantle , M. 1995 . The acid test for Europe . Chem. Eng. News , 73 : 10–17 – 10–17 .
   Google Scholar
• Friedland , A.J. , Gregory , R.A. , Karenlampi , A. and Johnson , A.H. 1984 . Winter damage to foliage as a factor in red spruce decline . Can. J. For. Res. , 14 : 963–965 – 963–965 .
   Google Scholar
• Gundersen , P. and Rasmussen , L. 1990 . Nitrification in forest soils: Effects from nitrogen deposition on soil acidification and aluminum release . Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. , 113 : 1–45 – 1–45 .
   Google Scholar
• Haibara , K. and Aiba , Y. 1982 . The nutrient circulation and budget for a small catchment basin of an established Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) and Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obrusa S. et Z.) stand . J. Jpn. For. Soc. , 64 : 8–14 – 8–14 . (in Japanese with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Harmsen , G.W. and Kolenbrander , G.J. 1965 . “ Soil inorganic nitrogen ” . In Soil Nitrogen , Edited by: Bartholomew , W.V. and Clark , F.E. 43–92 – 43–92 . Madison , , Wisconsin : American Society of Agronomy, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Htitti , R.F. 1990 . Nutrient supply and fertilizer experiments in view of N saturation . Plant Soil , 128 : 45–58 – 45–58 .
   Google Scholar
• Japan Environment Agency^ . 1991 . White Report for Environment-Generalities-, 1991 , 1–242 – 1–242 . Tokyo : Japan Ministry of Finance, Printing Bureau . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Japan Environment Agency^ . 1994 . “ Results of Survey for Acid Deposition ” . In Second Phase 1988–1993 , 1–80 – 1–80 . Tokyo : Japan Environment Agency . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Japan Environment Agency^ . 1996 . White Report for Environment-Generalities-1996 , 1–515 – 1–515 . Tokyo : Japan Ministry of Finance, Printing Bureau . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Japan Environment Agency^ . 1997 . “ Interim report on results of survey for acid deposition, third phase ” . In Acid Deposition , Edited by: Okita , T. , Totsuka , T. and Hishita , K. 203–252 – 203–252 . Tokyo : Chuoh-Hoki . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Katou , Y. 1996 . Throughfall and stemflow in urban area: The composition of precipitation and of throughfall and annual deposition . Environ. Conserv. Eng. , 25 : 612–617 – 612–617 . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Kobayashi , T. , Nakagawa , Y. , Tamaki , M. , Hiraki , T. and Shoga , M. 1995 . Evaluation of acidic deposition onto the forest canopies: Study on the method of estimating dry deposition and leaching rate dividedly . Jpn. J. Environ. Sci. , 8 : 25–34 – 25–34 . (in Japanese with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Kölling , C. , Pauli , B. , Haberle , K.-H. and Rehfuess , K.E. 1997 . Magnesium deficiency in young Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) trees induced by NH4NO3 application . Plant Soil , 195 : 283–291 – 283–291 .
   Google Scholar
• Konohira , E. , Yoh , M. , Toda , T. , Yagi , K. , Kubota , J. and Tsukamoto , Y. 1997 . Denitrification in the valley soil of a forested catchment-Analysis by the natural abundance of 15N of nitrate . J. Jpn. For. Soc. , 79 : 83–88 – 83–88 . (in Japanese with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Krahl-Urban , B. , Brandt , C.J. , Schimansky , C. , Peters , K. , Peniston-Bird , R. , Benz , A. , Anderer , J. and StOcker , V. 1988 . Forest Decline , 1–137 – 1–137 . Washington, D.C., BMFT, Bonn : KFA, Julich, EPA .
   Google Scholar
• Matsumoto , Y. , Maruyama , Y. and Morikawa , Y. 1992 . Some aspects of water relations on large Cryptomeria japonica D. Don trees and climatic changes on the Kanto plains in Japan in relation to forest decline . Jpn. J. For. Environ. , 34 : 2–13 – 2–13 . (in Japanese with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Matsumoto , K. and Ogura , N. 1992 . Chemical composition and behavior of atmospheric aerosols in Fuchu city, Tokyo . Chikyukagaku (Geochemistry) , 26 : 95–1O4 – 95–1O4 . (in Japanese with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Minami , K. 1990 . Emission of biogenic gas compounds from soil ecosystem . Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. , 61 : 227–230 – 227–230 . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Mulder , J. , van Grinsven , J.J.M. and van Breemen , N. 1987 . Impacts of acid atmospheric deposition on woodland soils in the Netherlands: III. Aluminum chemistry . Soil Sci Soc. Am. J. , 51 : 1640–1646 – 1640–1646 .
   Google Scholar
• Mulder , J. , van Breemen , N. , Rasmussen , L. and Driscoll , C.T. 1989 . “ Aluminum chemistry of acidic sandy soils with various inputs of acidic deposition in the Netherlands and in Denmark ” . In Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology of Aluminum , Edited by: Lewis , T.E. 171–194 – 171–194 . Chelsea : Lewis .
   Google Scholar
• Mullin , J.B. and Riley , J.P. 1955 . The colorimetric determination of silicate with special reference to sea and natural waters . Anal. Chim. Acta , 12 : 162–176 – 162–176 .
   Google Scholar
• Nihlgilard , B. 1985 . The ammonium hypothesis-An additional explanation to the forest dieback in Europe . Ambia , 14 : 2–8 – 2–8 .
   Google Scholar
• Nodvin , S.C. , van Miegroet , H. , Lindberg , S.E. , Nicholas , N.S. and Johnson , D.W. 1995 . Acidic deposition, ecosystem processes, and nitrogen saturation in a high elevation southern Appalachian watershed . Water, Air, Soil Pollut. , 85 : 1647–1652 – 1647–1652 .
   Google Scholar
• Ogura , N. , Ishino , A. , Nagai , K. and Tange , I. 1986 . Behaviour of nitrogen compounds in surface runoff water at small watershed of Tama Hill . Jpn. J. Limnol. , 47 : 17–26 – 17–26 . (in Japanese with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Ohkura , T. , Sakagami , K. , Matsuda , T. and Hamada , R. 1993 . Parent materials of Holocene volcanic ash soils on south Kanto district, Japan: Evaluation with primary mineral and element composition . J. Geogr. , 102 : 217–233 – 217–233 . (in Japanese with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Ohrui , K. 1997 . Nitrogen saturation in forest ecosystems: The existing conditions in Japan . Jpn. J. For. Environ. , 39 : 1–9 – 1–9 . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Okazaki , M. 1989 . “ Effect of acid deposition on soils ” . In Assessment for Effect of Acid Deposition on Terrestrial Ecosystems and the Overcoming Strategy , 63–69 – 63–69 . Japan : The Ministry of Education, Science and Culture{cxJapan} . G010-N11-01 (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Okazaki , M. and Matsui , T. 1990 . “ Geomorphology and geology ” . In Guidebook Excursion C, Soils and Agriculture in Kanto and Tokaido , Edited by: 14th ed. 2–7 – 2–7 . Tokyo : ICSS Excursion Committee .
   Google Scholar
• Shibata , H. and Sakuma , T. 1996 . Canopy modification of precipitation chemistry in deciduous and coniferous forests affected by acidic deposition . Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. , 42 : 1–10 – 1–10 .
   Google Scholar
• Soikkeli , S. and Klirenlampi , L. 1984 . The effects of nitrogen fertilization on the ultrastructure of mesophyll cells of conifer needles in northern Finland . Eur. J. For. Pathol. , 14 : 129–136 – 129–136 .
   Google Scholar
• Stoddard , J.L. 1994 . “ Long-term changes in watershed retention of nitrogen, its cause and aquatic consequences ” . In In Environmental Chemistry of Lakes and Reservoirs , Edited by: Baker , L.A. 223–284 – 223–284 . Washington, D.C. : American Chemical Society .
   Google Scholar
• Takenaka , C. and Win , KoKo . 1998 . New sampler for dry deposition in forest canopy . J. For. Res. , 3 : 19–24 – 19–24 .
   Google Scholar
• Tamm , C.O. , Aronsson , A. and Popovic , B. 1995 . Nitrogen saturation in a long-term forest experiment with annual additions of nitrogen . Water, Air, Soil Pollut. , 85 : 1683–1688 – 1683–1688 .
   Google Scholar
• Tomizawa , N. , Tomizawa , M. , Suzuki , S. , Tange , I. , Ambe , Y. and Ogura , N. 1992 . Report on Meteorological Observation from 1984 to 1988 at the Rolling Land Laboratory , 1–12 – 1–12 . Fuchu : Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Tomizawa , M. , Tomizawa , N. , Ogura , N. , Suzuki , S. and Ambe , Y. 1995 . Report on Meteorological Observation from 1989 to 1993 at the Rolling Land Laboratory , 1–12 – 1–12 . Fuchu : Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Tsurumi , M. and Ichikuni , M. 1989 . Chemical characteristics of inorganic constituents in stream waters of Tama River . Jpn. J. Environ. Sci. , 2 : 9–16 – 9–16 . (in Japanese with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Ulrich , B. 1986 . Natural and anthropogenic components of soil acidification . Z. Pjianzenernahr. Bodenk. , 149 : 702–717 – 702–717 .
   Google Scholar
• van Breemen , N. , Burrough , P.A. , Velthorst , E.J. , van Dobben , H.F. , de Wit , T. , Ridder , T.B. and Reijnders , H.F.R. 1982 . Soil acidification from atmospheric ammonium sulphate in forest canopy throughfall . Nature , 299 : 548–550 – 548–550 .
   Google Scholar
• van Breemen , N. , Mulder , J. and van Grinsven , J.J.M. 1987 . Impacts of acid atmospheric deposition on woodland soils in the Netherlands: II. Nitrogen transformations . Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. , 51 : 1634–1640 – 1634–1640 .
   Google Scholar
• van Breemen , N. , Visser , W.F.J. and Pape , Th. 1989 . Biogeochemistry of an Oak-Woodland Ecosystem in the Netherlands Affected by Acid Atmospheric Deposition, Agricultural Research Reports 930 , 1–197 – 1–197 . Wageningen, the Netherlands : Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation (Pudoc) .
   Google Scholar
• Wright , R.F. , Roe1of , J.G.M. , Bredemeier , M. , Blanck , K. , Boxman , A.W. , Emmett , B.A. , Gundersen , P. , Hultberg , H. , Kjønaas , O.J. , Moldan , F. , Tietema , A. , van Breemen , N. and van Dijk , H.F.G. 1995 . NITREX: responses of coniferous forest ecosystems to experimentally changed deposition of nitrogen . For. Ecol. Manage. , 71 : 163–169 – 163–169 .
   Google Scholar
• Wright , R.F. and van Breemen , N. 1995 . The NITREX project: an introduction . For. Ecol. Manage. , 71 : 1–5 – 1–5 .
   Google Scholar
• Yoh , M. and Minami , K. 1991 . Emission of biogenic gas compounds from soil ecosystem and their effects on global environment 3. Nitrous oxide emission from soils . Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr. , 62 : 654–661 – 654–661 . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Yoshida , M. and Kawahata , Y. 1988 . Neutralization mechanism of acid rain by soil . Jpn. J. Soil Sci Plant Nutr. , 59 : 413–415 – 413–415 . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Yoshitake , T. 1996 . Forest decline on Mt. Nantai in Nikko city . Jpn. J. For. Environ. , 38 : 13–16 – 13–16 . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar