References
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- Murata , I. 1973 . Topics in Nonbenzenoid Aromatic Chemistry , Edited by: Nozoe , T. , Breslow , R. , Hafner , K. , Ito , S. and Murata , I. Vol. 1 , 159 Wiely Inc. .
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- Sato , T. and Yokote , M. 1980 . Senryo to Yakuhin , 25 : 138 For reviews on the biological and dye use of the phenalenyl system see:
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- Boudjouk , P. and Johnson , P. D. J. 1978 . Org. Chem. , 43 : 3979 We have published an improved synthesis of phenalene:
- Bonthrone , W. and Reid , D. H. 1959 . J. Chem. Soc. , : 2773 1,4,7-trimethylphenalenylium perchlorate, for example, is air stable and can be recrystallized from boiling acetic acid:, Reid, D. H.; Sutherland, R. G., J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 3295
- Reid , D. H. 1958 . Tetrahedron , 3 : 339 Alkyl substituents also increased the stability of phenalenyl radicals towards dimerization, and slows down the secondary reaction of the dimer to form peropyrene:, Gerson, F. Helv. Chim. Acta, 1966, 49, 1463. Gerson, F.; Heilbronner, E.; Reddoch, H. A.; Paskovic, D. H.; Das, N. C. Helv. Chim. Acta, 1967, 50, 813
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- While the reaction works without the use of sonication the yield varies considerately depending on the quality of stirring. Using sonication the yield is consistently in the 70–75% range for isolated product
- Pouchert , C. J. and Campbell , J. R. 1974 . The Aldrich Library of NMR Spectra , Milwaukee, Wisconsin : Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc. .