- A refreshing exception to this generalization is provided by Henry Lee Smith, Jr., “The Concept of the Morphophone,” Language, XLIII (1967), 306–341.
- Compare Otto Jespersen's converse derivation of tip from top in Language: Its Nature, Development and Origin (London, 1922), p. 407.
- Cf. Jerzy Kurylowicz, L’ Apophonie en Indo-Européen, (Wroclaw, 1956).
- Cf. Mauricio Swadesh, “Origen y evolución del Lenguaje humano,” Anales de Antropologia, II (Mexico City, 1965), 76.
- Jakob Grimm, Deutsche Grammatik, I, 1st ed. (Göttingen, 1819), 10.
- Ibid., p. 9.
- Roger W. Wescott, “Metaphones in Bini and English,” Studies in Linguistics in Honor of George L. Trager, Ed. M. E. Smith (The Hague, forthcoming).
- George L. Trager and Henry Lee Smith, Jr., “An Outline of English Structure,” Studies in Linguistics, Occasional Papers, No.3 (Norman, Okla., 1951).
- See pp. 328 and 330.
- Trager and Smith, p. 22.
- Ibid., p. 23.
- Ibid., p. 27.
- See pp. 334–336.
- Hans Kurath and Raven I. McDavid, Jr., The Pronunciation of English in the Atlantic States (Ann Arbor, 1961), map 2, p. 185.
- Cf. Hans Marchand, Categories and Types of English Word-Formation, 2nd ed. (Munich, 1969), p. 426.
- Louis Kronenberger, ed., An Anthology of Light Verse (New York, 1935), p. 206.
- Reported to have been composed by William James in the course of a nitrous oxide experiment.
- Edward Sapir, Language: An Introduction to the Study of Speech (New York, 1921), p. 16.
- George L. Trager, “A Componential Morphemic Analysis of English Personal Pronouns,” Language, XLIII (1967), 372.
- In substandard speech, at least, the here of “this here thing” is, if anything, more pronominal than the same of “this same thing.”
- Pertaining to nonlinguistic vocalization by human beings.
- Pertaining to the vocalizations of nonhuman animals only.
- Pertaining to nonvocal phonation by organisms.
- American slang for ‘ejaculate semen’.
- British slang for ‘African’ or ‘West Indian’.
- For a more precise statement as to which nuclei belong to which macrophones, see table 11.
- Edward Sapir, “A Study in Phonetic Symbolism,” Journal of Experimental Psychology, XII (1929), 225–239.
- Cf. Smith, “The Concept of the Morphophone,” pp. 318–321.
- The sequence choose, choice does not really invalidate this generalization, since choose comes to us from Old English but choice from Old French.
- Charles K. Thomas, An Introduction to the Phonetics of American English (New York, 1947), pp. 47–108.
- Private communication.
- Cf. Leonard Bloomfield, Language (New York, 1933), p. 91.
- On p. 328.
- Classroom survey by the writer.
- On p. 310.
- Cf. p. 316.
- Cf. pp. 310, 325, and 329.
- Morris Swadesh, “Archaic Doublets in Altaic,” in American Studies in Altaic Linguistics, Ed. Nicholas Poppe, Indiana University Publications, Uralic and Altaic Series, Vol. 13 (Bloomington, Ind., 1962), 301.
- Ogden Nash, The Face Is Familiar: The Selected Verse of Ogden Nash (Boston, 1940), p. 69
- Morris Swadesh, “Linguistic Overview,” in Prehistoric Man in the New World, ed. Jesse Jennings and Edward Norbeck (Chicago, 1964), p. 542.
- “Origen y evolución del lenguaje humano,” Anales de Antropologia, II, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico City, 1965), 73.
- See pp. 321 and 324.
- Cf. R. W. Wescott, “The Evolution of Language: Re-opening a Closed Subject,” Studies in Linguistics, XIX (1967), p. 72.
- A stands for allologous, G for grammatical, E for echoic, F for fictive, and H for hackneyed.
- †Dashes indicate either that there is no exemplar or that it is so dubious or aberrant as to be better left uncited.
- ‡:Parenthesized question-marks indicate sequences which may be interpreted either as apophonic or as epiphonic.
- Double asterisks mark sequences that are unambiguously epiphonic (i.e., inversely or regressively apophonic).
- The sequences ɔ-aw, ɔ-u, aw-u, and ow-u contain no exemplars that are beyond question; they are therefore omitted.
- Choose new content alerts to be informed about new research of interest to you
- Easy remote access to your institution's subscriptions on any device, from any location
- Save your searches and schedule alerts to send you new results
- Export your search results into a .csv file to support your research