An analysis of Vietnamese traditional herbal medicines for prescription and non-prescription drugs, herbicides and pesticides

References

• Chan K . Some aspects of toxic contamination in herbal medicines. Chemosphere. 2003;52:1361–1371.10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00471-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byard RW . The potential forensic significance of traditional herbal medicines. J Forensic Sci. 2010;55:89–92.10.1111/jfo.2009.55.issue-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coghlan ML , Haile J , Houston J , Murray D , White N , Moolhuijzen P , Bellgard M , Bunce M . Deep sequencing of plant and animal DNA contained within traditional Chinese medicines reveals legality issues and health safety concerns. PLoS Genetics. 2012;8:e1002657.10.1371/journal.pgen.1002657
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coghlan ML , Maker G , Crighton E , Haile J , Murray DC , White NE , Byard RW , Bellgard MI , Mullaney I , Trengove R , et al . Combined toxicological and genetic auditing of traditional Chinese medicines provides a means of detecting adulterants and improving pharmacovigilance. Sci Rep. 2015;5:17475.10.1038/srep17475
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan TYK , Chan JCN , Tomlinson B , Critchley JAJH . Poisoning by Chinese herbal medicines in Hong Kong: a hospital-based study. Vet Human Toxicol. 1994;36:546–547.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chan TYK , Chan JCN . Chinese herbal medicines revisited: a Hong Kong perspective. Lancet. 1993;342:1532–1534.10.1016/S0140-6736(05)80091-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dasgupta A . Review of abnormal laboratory test results and toxic effects due to use of herbal medicines. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003;120:127–137.10.1309/P024K7VRDDPJCTVN
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barry TL , Petzinger G , Zito SW . GC/MS comparison of the West Indian aphrodisiac “Love Stone” to the Chinese medication “Chan Su”: Bufotenine and related bufadienolides. J Forensic Sci. 1996;41:1068–1073.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kostakis C , Byard RW . Sudden death associated with intravenous injection of toad extract. Forensic Sci Int. 2009;188:e1–e5.10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.02.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang WF , Wen K-C , Hsiao M-L . Adulteration by synthetic therapeutic substances of traditional Chinese medicines in Taiwan. J Clin Pharmacol. 1997;37:344–350.10.1002/jcph.1997.37.issue-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leung KS-Y , Chan K , Chan C-L , Lu G-H . Systematic evaluation of organochlorine pesticide residues in Chinese Materia Medica. Phytother Res 2005;19:514-518.10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1573
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilbert JD , Musgrave I , Hoban C , Byard RW . Lethal hepatocellular necrosis associated with herbal polypharmacy in a patient with chronic Hepatitis B infection. Forensic Sci Int. 2014;241:138–140.10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.05.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byard RW , Musgrave I . Herbal medicines and forensic investigations. Forensic Sci Med. 2010;6:81–82.10.1007/s12024-010-9157-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byard RW , Musgrave I , Hoban C , Bunce M . DNA sequencing and metabolomics – new approaches to the forensic assessment of herbal therapeutic agents. Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2015;11:1–2.10.1007/s12024-014-9537-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blacksell L , Byard RW , Musgrave IF . Forensic problems with the composition and content of herbal medicines. J Forensic Leg Med. 2014;23:19–21.10.1016/j.jflm.2014.01.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sims DN , Felgate PD , Felgate HE , Lokan RJ . Application of a simple extraction procedure using aqueous ammonia to the analysis of basic drugs in blood by GC. Forensic Sci Int. 1991;49:33–42.10.1016/0379-0738(91)90169-J
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woerdenbag HJ , Nguyen TM , Vu DV , Tran H , Nguyen DT , Tran TV , et al . Vietnamese traditional medicine from a pharmacist’s perspective. Exp Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2012;5:459–477.10.1586/ecp.12.34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Callaghan C , Quine S . How older Vietnamese Australian women manage their medicines. J Cross Cult Gerontol. 2007;22:405–419.10.1007/s10823-007-9045-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Newmaster SG , Grguric M , Shanmughanandhan D , Ramalingam S , Ragupathy S . DNA barcoding detects contamination and substitution in North American herbal products. BMC Med. 2013;11:42.10.1186/1741-7015-11-222
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ting A , Chow Y , Tan W . Microbial and heavy metal contamination in commonly consumed traditional Chinese herbal medicines. J Trad Chin Med. 2013;33:119–124.10.1016/S0254-6272(13)60112-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiest J , Schollmayer C , Gresser G , Holzgrabe U . Identification and quantitation of the ingredients in a counterfeit Vietnamese herbal medicine against rheumatic diseases. J Pharmaceut Biomed Anal. 2014;97:24–28.10.1016/j.jpba.2014.04.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuyet-Hanh TT , Minh NH , Vu-Anh L , Dunne M , Toms L-M , Tenkate T , Thi MH , Harden F . Environmental health risk assessment of dioxin in foods at the two most severe dioxin hot spots in Vietnam. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2015;218:471–478.10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.03.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banout J , Urban O , Musil V , Szakova J , Balik J . Agent Orange footprint still visible in rural areas of central Vietnam. J Environ Pub Health. 2014;2014:528965.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stellman JM , Stellman SD , Weber T , Tomasallo C , Stellman AB , Christian R Jr . A geographic information system for characterizing exposure to Agent Orange and other herbicides in Vietnam. Environ Health Perspect. 2003;111:321–328.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pham DT , Nguyen HM , Boivin TG , Zajacova A , Huzurbazar SV , Bergman HL . Predictors for dioxin accumulation in residents living in Da Nang and Bien Hoa, Vietnam, many years after Agent Orange use. Chemosphere. 2015;118:277–283.10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.09.064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO . WHO guidelines for assessing quality of herbal medicines with reference to contaminants and residues. 2012. [ cited 2015 Dec 30]. Available from: http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s14878e/s14878e.pdf
   Google Scholar