Footnotes
- For the niggardliness of the Bank see my McNamara's Little Green Revolution Economic and Political Weekly 1977 April 3 Capitalism's Last Ditch Effort to Save Underdeveloped Agricultures, Journal of Contemporary Asia, Vol.7, No.1, 1977; and Lean Cows — Fat Ranchers, The International Ramifications of Mexico's Cattle Industry (distributed by America Latina, 71 Fleet Street, London) where I demonstrated that (a) the World Bank's livestock loans, handled through Mexico's Central Bank and dispersed to the private and public banking system as credit funds to producers, although ostensibly oriented towards “low income” producers, actually are channelled to big commercial ranchers; and (b) some credit funds benefiting low income producers are granted under conditions which institutionalize their dependence on the lenders and turn the borrowers into suppliers of cheap young feeder cattle for commercial ranchers.
- Actually Redistribution with Growth contains a table outlining an imaginary 40-year income redestribution scheme, presumably for a 40-year period of uninterrupted growth, where in year 40 the poor are no better off than in year I! Only the lower middle class gains in this interesting “model”.
- Here are some examples. High-yielding varieties of seeds or pasture grass seedscan be produced in the US or Mexico and sold all over the world for maize, rice and sorghum production or improved ranching; sorghum production can be undertaken in an underdeveloped country so that (say) Japan can feed it to beef or dairycattle or poultry; deboned meat can be shipped from Mexico or Brazil to be turned into hamburger meat in the US or Germany. For an interesting example of how this works out “in real life”, see my Strawberry Imperialism Editorial Campesino Mexico DF 1977 (distributed by America Latina, 71 Fleet Street, London)
- For an excellent analysis, see Alcantara Cynthia H. Modernizing Mexican Agriculture UNR1SD Geneva 1977
- The pressure on underdeveloped countries is reflected in a recent article in The Economic Monitor Manila, , Philippines 1979 October 8–14 (Ministry of Agriculture 78th Anniversary Supplement), entitled “Agriculture CropsA Source Of Energy” with the following paragraphs: “The oil crunch that had triggered a frantic and almost desperate hunt for oil substitutes here and elsewhere around the world may yet make the lowly cassava (sic), corn and other indigenous farm crops — alongside with sugarcane industry. (Thissentence is incomplete in the newspaper).
- I have discussed this issue in detail in Regeneration and Degeneration of the Peasantry Social Scientist India 1979 Feb.
- For a sophisticated analysis of the adjustments rural people have to make in the face of capitalist expansion, see Pearse Andrew The Latin American Peasant London 1977
- See my How Agribusiness Operates in Underdeveloped Countries: Harvard Business School Myths and Reality Economic and Political Weekly Bombay 1976 July 17
- For details about how this operates in Mexico, see my Lean Cows — Fat Ranchers, The International Ramifications of Mexico's Cattle Industry
- For a detailed analysis of internationalized research for livestock (beef cattle) see my Lean Cows — Fat Ranchers, The International Ramifications of Mexico's Cattle Industry