Laos: Between battlefield and marketplace

Notes

• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• Data provided by the Committee for Planning and Cooperation National Statistics Center Vientiane 1994 December
   Google Scholar
• Government of the Lao PDR . 1994 . Socio-Economic Development Strategies . prepared for the 5th Round Table Meeting . June 21 1994 , Geneva, Vientiane. pp. 43 – 43 .
   Google Scholar
• Robert LT , Dawson . 1994 . “ Human Resource Development Strategy: Role of Education ” . In Economic Development in the Lao PDR: Horizon 2000 , Edited by: Pham , Chi Do . 218 – 218 . Vientaine : International Monetary Fund . in, Dessallien Christian” Social Implications of the New Economic Mechanisms in Laos; UNDP Vientiane, February 1991, p. 14.
   Google Scholar
• UNICEF . 1992 . Children and Women in the Lao People's Democratic Republic 86 – 169 . Stuart-Fox, Martin: Laos - Politics, Economics and Society; London, Frances Pinter, 1986, pp. 44–56.
   Google Scholar
• Funck , Bernard . 1993 . “ Laos: Decentralization and Economic Control ” . In The Challenge of Reform in Indochina , Edited by: Börje , Ljunggren . 144 – 144 . Cambridge : Harvard Institute for International Development . in
   Google Scholar
• International Labour Organization . Lao PDR — Employment and Labour Issues in a Transition Economy 50 – 50 . Nielsen, Preben: Transportation Network: Current Status and Future Plans, in: Chi Do Pham (ed): Economic Development in the Lao PDR: Horizon 2000; International Monetary Fund, Vientaine 1994, pp. 183–191.
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen , Preben . December 1994 . “ Transportation Network; Current Status and Future Plans ” . In Interview in Vientiane December , 184 – 184 .
   Google Scholar
• UNDP and Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry . Shifting Cultivation Systems and Rural Development in the Lao PDR . Report of the Nabong technical meeting . July 14–16 . pp. 71 – 72 . 199. Ma, Matthew: Prospects for Agricultural Development: A Summary of Selected World Bank Studies: p. 134.
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• Dennis , John V Jr . Planning of Agricultural Research Project Lao PDR socio-economist's final draft report, prepared for the Asian Development Bank; National Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane, December 1990, pp. 11–19. World Bank: Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum, (Rep. No. 12554-LA, March 24, 1994); World Bank, Country Operations Division, Country Department 1, East Asia and Pacific Region; Washington, D.C. 1994, p. 5.
   Google Scholar
• Government of the Lao PDR . 1994 . Socio-Economic Development Strategies . prepared for the 5th Round Table Meeting . June 21 1994 , Geneva, Vientiane. pp. 18 – 18 . Interview in Vientiane, December 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Ireson , Carol J. and Randall , Ireson W. October 1991 . “ Ethnicity and Development in Laos ” . In Asian Survey October , 934 – 934 . Interview in Vientiane, December 1994
   Google Scholar
• Lao People's Democratic Republic . Resolution of the 5th Plenary Meeting of the Party Central Committee on the New Mechanism of Economic Management translation by Vientiane Consultants, Vientiane 1988. Luche, Jenna E: A Consultant's Report: Socio-Economic Analysis of the Lao 89/550 Highland Integrated Rural Development Project; UNDP, Vientiane 1991, pp. 1, 3–4 26. Interviews in Vientiane, December, 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Community Aid Abroad . Xieng Khouang Agricultural Development Project preparation mission report; CAA, Vientiane 1993, p. 43.
   Google Scholar
• Data provided by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Vientiane 1994 December
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• Sesser , Stan . 1990 . Reporter at Large: Forgotten Country . The New Yorker , August 20
   Google Scholar
• Theroux , Paul . 1975 . The Great Railway Bazaar New York
   Google Scholar
• Arndt , Dorothea . 1992 . Foreign Assistance and Economic Policie in Laos, 1976–86 . Contemporary Southeast Asia , September : 190 – 190 . Stuart-Fox, Martin: Laos - Politics, Economics and Society; London, Frances Pinter, 1986, pp. 34–36. World Bank: Socialist Transformation in the Lao People's Democratic Republic — An economic report, No. 2201 LA, February 26, 1979, World Bank, East Asia and Pacific Region, Washington D.C., 1979
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . 1979 . Socialist Transformation in the Lao People's Democratic Republic — An economic report , February : 1 – 1 . LA, 26
   Google Scholar
• Stuart-Fox , Martin . Laos — Politics, Economics and Society 34 – 37 . 98
   Google Scholar
• Bedlington , Stanley S . January 1981 . “ Laos in 1980: Portents are Omnious ” . In Asian Survey January , 102 – 111 .
   Google Scholar
• Amdt , Dorothea . Foreign Assistance and Economic Policies in Laos, 1976–86 207 – 207 . World Bank: Socialist Transformation in the Lao People's Democratic Republic — An economic report; (No. 2201 LA, February 26, 1979); p. 35.
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . 1988 . Agrarian Change in Laos , Occasional paper 17 – 30 . Singapore : ISEAS .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . Agrarian Change in Laos 36 – 36 . Stuart-Fox, Martin: Laos — Politics, Economics and Society; p. 39.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . February 1979 . Socialist Transformation in the Lao People's Democratic Republic — An economic report February , 34 – 34 . No. 2201 LA, 26
   Google Scholar
• quoted in Evans Grant Agrarian Change in Laos 14 14
   Google Scholar
• quoted in Evans Grant Agrarian Change in Laos 33 33 Stuart-Fox, Martin: Laos — Politics, Economics and Society; pp. 39–100.
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . Agrarian Change in Laos 36 – 36 .
   Google Scholar
• Funck , Bemard . Laos: Decentralization and Economic Control 129 – 129 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . Agrarian Change in Laos 59 – 59 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . Agrarian Change in Laos 58 – 58 . Stuart-Fox, Martin: Laos — Politics, Economics and Society; p. 101.
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . Agrarian Change in Laos 55 – 55 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . Agrarian Change in Laos 51 – 55 .
   Google Scholar
• Funck , Bernard . Laos: Decentralization and Economic Control 130 – 130 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . Agrarian Change in Laos 67 – 67 .
   Google Scholar
• Ireson , Carol J. and Ireson , W. Randall . Ethnicity and Development in Laos 933 – 933 .
   Google Scholar
• Stuart-Fox , Martin . Laos — Politics, Economics and Society 115 – 115 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . Agrarian Change in Laos 64 – 64 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . Agrarian Change in Laos 64 – 64 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . Agrarian Change in Laos 69 – 69 .
   Google Scholar
• Stuart-Fox , Martin . Laos Politics, Economics and Society 115 – 115 .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Grant . Agrarian Change in Laos 76 – 76 .
   Google Scholar
• Stuart-Fox , Martin . Laos — Politics, Economics and Society 39 – 39 .
   Google Scholar
• Lao People's Democratics Republic . Resolution of the 5th Plenary Meeting of the Party Central Committee on the New Mechanism of Economic Management . pp. 9 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• Funck , Bemard . Laos: Decentralization and Economic Control 131 – 134 .
   Google Scholar
• Lao People's Democratic Republic . Resolution of the 5th Plenary Meeting of the Party Central Committee on the New Mechanism of Economic Management . pp. 31 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Boase , Robert . 1994 . “ Public Administration Reform in the Lao P.D.R. ” . In Economic Development in the Lao PDR: Horizon 2000 , Edited by: Pham , Chi Do . 237 – 237 . Vientiane : International Monetary Fund . in
   Google Scholar
• Funck , Bernard . Laos: Decentralization and Economic Control 314 – 315 .
   Google Scholar
• Khempeng , Pholsena . The Economy in Transition — Laos 13 – 13 .
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Data provided by the National Bank of Laos, Vientiane December , Estimates for 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Dessallien , Christian . Social Implications of the New Economic Mechanisms in Laos 11 – 11 .
   Google Scholar
• Boase , Robert . Public Administration Reform in the Lao PDR. 243 – 243 . International Labour Organization: Lao PDR — Employment and Labour Issues in a Transition Economy; p. 18. World Bank: Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum, (Rep. No. 12554-LA, March 24, 1994); p. 7.
   Google Scholar
• Boase , Robert . Public Administration Reform in the Lao PDR. 59 – 59 . 94–97
   Google Scholar
• Lao People's Democratic Republic . Resolution of the 5th Plenary Meeting of the Party Central Committee on the New Mechanism of Economic Management 4 – 4 .
   Google Scholar
• Koomar , Narasimhank K and MacPherson , Neil T . Improving the Management Efficiency of State — Owned Enterprises (SOE) in the Lao PDR Vol. 1 , Final report; prepared for Asian Development Bank, Technical Assistance, Vientiane, December 1992, pp. 7–8.
   Google Scholar
• Boase , Robert . Public Administration Reform in the Lao PDR. 242 – 242 .
   Google Scholar
• Dawson , Robert L T . Human Resource Development Strategy: Role of Education 231 – 232 .
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . March 1994 . Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum March , 53 – 53 . Rep. No. 12554-LA, 24
   Google Scholar
• Government of the Lao PDR . Socio-Economic Development Strategies 5 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• Dawson , Robert L T . Human Resource Development Strategy: Role of Education 216 – 217 .
   Google Scholar
• Ireson , Randal W and Ireson , Carol J . 1991 . “ Laos ” . In Coming to Terms — Indochina, the United States and the War , Edited by: Douglas , Allen and Long , Ngo Vinh . 152 – 152 . Boulder, CO : Westview Press . in
   Google Scholar
• UNICEF . Children and Women in the Lao People's Democratic Republic 90 – 90 .
   Google Scholar
• Dawson , Robert L T . Human Resource Development Strategy: Role of Education 216 – 227 .
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . March 1994 . Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum March , 1 – 1 . Rep. No. 12554-LA, 24
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . March 1994 . Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum March , 57 – 57 . Rep. No. 12554-LA, 24, Ma, Matthew: Prospects for Agricultural Development: A Summary of Selected World Bank Studies, 143
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• Government of the Lao PDR . 1994 . Basic Statistics about the Socio-Economic Development in the Lao PDR — 1993 , Vientiane : Committee for Planning and Co-operation, National Statistical Center . International Labour Organization: Lao PDR — Employment and Labour Issues in a Transition Economy; p. 13.
   Google Scholar
• November 1993 . “ Far Eastern Economic Review ” . In The Old and the Bold November , 30 – 30 . 4
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . March 1994 . Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum March , 7 – 7 . Rep. No. 12554-LA, 24, 61–94
   Google Scholar
• Dessallien , Christian . Social Implications of the New Economic Mechanisms in Laos 11 – 11 . Government of the Lao PDR: Socio-Economic Development Strategies; prepared for the 5th Round Table Meeting, Geneva, 21 June 1994, Vientiane 1994, p. 5. International Labour Organization: Lao PDR — Employment and Labour Issues in a Transition Economy; p. 75.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . March 1994 . Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum March , 62 – 62 . Rep. No. 12554-LA, 24
   Google Scholar
• For a detailled discussion see Bourdet Yves Budget Policy under Transition in Laos Economic Development in the Lao PDR: Horizon 2000 Pham Chi Do International Monetary Fund Vientiane 1994 29 51 in
   Google Scholar
• Pham Chi Do Economic Reforms in Laos: An Unforgettable Experience in a Forgotten Land Economic Development in the Lao PDR: Horizon 2000 Chi Do Pham International Monetary Fund Vientiane 1994 27 27 in
   Google Scholar
• Funck , Bernard . Laos: Decentralization and Economic Control 133 – 133 . World Bank: Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum, (Rep. No. 12554-LA, March 24, 1994); p. 18.
   Google Scholar
• Funck , Bernard . Laos: Decentralization and Economic Control 144 – 144 . World Bank: Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum, (Rep. No. 12554-LA, March 24, 1994); pp. 26, 41–45.
   Google Scholar
• International Labour Organization . Lao PDR — Employment and Labour Issues in a Transition Economy 51 – 51 .
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Data provided by the Committee for Planning and Cooperation December , Vientiane
   Google Scholar
• Kromhof , Monique . Socio-Economic Effects of the Garment Industry in the Lao PDR research paper University of Limburg, Maastricht 1994
   Google Scholar
• United Nations ESCAP . Tourism Division: Tourism Opportunities in the Mekong Delta unpublished study by H. Leo Theuns; Bangkok, April 1991
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . March 1994 . Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum March , 7 – 7 . Rep. No. 12554-LA, 24
   Google Scholar
• Sundberg Mark Trade Policy and Lao Development Economic Development in the Lao PDR: Horizon 2000 Chi Do Pham International Monetary Fund Vientiane 1994 86 87 in
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Data provided by the National Bank of Laos in cooperation with the Chamber of Commerce December , Vientiane
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . March 1994 . Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum March , 22 – 22 . Rep. No. 12554-LA, 24
   Google Scholar
• UNDP . November 1994 . Development Co-operation — Lao People's Democratic, 1994 Report , November , 5 – 5 . Vientiane : UNDP .
   Google Scholar
• Funck , Bernard . Laos: Decentralization and Economic Control 138 – 138 .
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . March 1994 . Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum March , 34 – 34 . Rep. No. 12554-LA, 24
   Google Scholar
• World Bank . March 1994 . Lao People's Democratic — Country Economic Memorandum March , 22 – 34 . Rep. No. 12554-LA, 24
   Google Scholar
• Luche , Jenna E . A Consultant's Report: Socio-Economic Analysis of the Lao 89/550 Highland Integrated Rural Development Project 4 – 4 .
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Data provided by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry December , Vientiane
   Google Scholar
• Dennis , John V Jr . Planning of Agricultural Research Project Lao PDR 16 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• UNDP and Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry . Shifting Cultivation Systems and Rural Development in the Lao PDR 73 – 73 .
   Google Scholar
• Stuart-Fox , Martin . 1992 . Laos 1991: On the Defensive , 173 – 173 . Singapore : Southeast Asia Affairs . ISEAS
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• Gunn , Geoffrey C . January 1991 . “ Laos in 1990: Winds of Change ” . In Asian Survey January , 87 – 93 .
   Google Scholar
• Zasloff , Joseph J and Brown , MacAllister . 1991 . Laos 1990: Socialism Postponed but Leadership Intact , 141 – 160 . Singapore : Southeast Asian Affairs . ISEAS
   Google Scholar
• March 1990 . Far Eastern Economic Review March , 25 – 25 . 29
   Google Scholar
• Zasloff , Joseph J and Brown , MacAllister . Laos 1990 Socialism Postponed but Leadership Intact 99 – 99 .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , Stephen T . January 1993 . “ Laos in 1992: Succession and Consolidation ” . In Asian Survey January , 75 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• December 1994 . Interview in Vientiane December ,
   Google Scholar
• 1994 . UNDCP Vientiane
   Google Scholar
• Malaysia Mining Corporation . 1993 . Prince Souphanouvong; A Biography Kuala Lumpur
   Google Scholar