Clinical and bacteriological response to treatment of clinical mastitis with one of three intramammary antibiotics

References

• Anonymous A Review of the Impact of the Use of Antimicrobials in Animals and Plants on the Development of Antimicrobial Resistance in Human Bacterial Pathogens New Zealand Food Safety Authority Wellington, , NZ 2005 Report of the Expert Panel on Antibiotic Resistance. http://www.nzfsa.govt.nz/acvm/subject/antibiotic-resistance/report-july-2005/expertpanel-report-2005.pdf (accessed 28 May 2007)
   Google Scholar
• Anonymous 2004-2005 New Zealand Dairy Statistics Livestock Improvement Corporation Hamilton, , NZ 2006 www.lic.co.nz/113_8.cfm (accessed 28 May 2007)
   Google Scholar
• Barkema , HW , Schukken , YH , Lam , TJGM , Beiboer , ML , Wilmink , H , Benedictus , G and Brand , A . 1998 . Incidence of clinical mastitis in dairy herds grouped in 3 categories by bulk milk somatic cell counts . Journal of Dairy Science , 81 : 411 – 419 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkema , HW , Schukken , YH , Lam , TJ , Beiboer , ML , Benedictus , G and Brand , A . 1999 a . Management practices associated with the incidence rate of clinical mastitis . Journal of Dairy Science , 82 : 1643 – 1654 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkema , HW , Van der Ploeg , JD , Schukken , YH , Lam , TJ , Benedictus , G and Brand , A . 1999 b . Management style and its association with bulk milk somatic cell count and incidence rate of clinical mastitis . Journal of Dairy Science , 82 : 1655 – 1663 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartlett , PC , Miller , GY , Lance , SE and Heifer , LE . 1992 . Environmental and managerial determinants of somatic cell counts and clinical mastitis incidence in Ohio herds . Preventive Veterinary Medicine , 14 : 195 – 207 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauman , DE and Currie , WB . 1980 . Partitioning of nutrients during pregnancy and lactation: a review of mechanisms involving homeostasis and homeorhesis . Journal of Dairy Science , 63 : 1514 – 1529 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaudeau , F and Fourichon , C . 1998 . Estimating relative risk of disease from outputs of logistic regression when the disease is not rare . Preventive Veterinary Medicine , 36 : 243 – 256 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craven , N . 1987 . Efficacy and financial value of antibiotic treatment of bovine clinical mastitis during lactation: A review . British Veterinary Journal , 143 : 410 – 422 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dohoo , IR , Martin , SW and Stryhn , H . 2003 . Veterinary Epidemiologic Research , Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, , Canada : AVC Inc .
   Google Scholar
• Elbers , ARW , Miltenburg , JD , De Lange , D , Crauwels , APP , Barkema , HW and Schukken , YH . 1998 . Risk factors for clinical mastitis in a random sample of dairy herds from the southern part of the Netherlands . Journal of Dairy Science , 81 : 420 – 426 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliott , REW . 1971 . Antibiotic resistance amongst haemolytic staphylococci isolated from bovine milk samples in New Zealand . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 19 : 95 – 99 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Faull , WB and Ward , WR . 1975 . Treatment of clinical mastitis: Two intramammary formulations compared . Veterinary Record , 96 : 127 – 129 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grinberg , A , Lopez-Villalobos , N , Lawrence , K and Nulsen , M . 2005 . Prediction of penicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from dairy cows with mastitis, based on prior test results . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 53 : 332 – 335 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodges , RT , Jones , YS and Holland , JTS . 1984 . Characterization of staphylococci associated with clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 32 : 141 – 145 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarp , J , Bugge , HP and Larsen , S . 1989 . Clinical trial of three therapeutic regimens for bovine mastitis . Veterinary Record , 124 : 603 – 634 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lescourret , F , Coulon , JB and Faye , B . 1995 . Predictive model of mastitis occurrence in the dairy cow . Journal of Dairy Science , 78 : 2167 – 2177 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDougall , S . 1998 . Efficacy of two antibiotic treatments in curing clinical and subclinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 46 : 226 – 232 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDougall , S . 2003 . Intramammary treatment of clinical mastitis of dairy cows with a combination of lincomycin and neomycin, or penicillin and dihydrostreptomycin . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 51 : 111 – 116 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milner , P , Page , KL and Hillerton , JE . 1997 . The effects of early antibiotic treatment following diagnosis of mastitis detected by a change in the electrical conductivity of milk . Journal of Dairy Science , 80 : 859 – 863 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peeler , EJ , Green , MJ , Fitzpatrick , JL , Morgan , KL and Green , LE . 2000 . Risk factors associated with clinical mastitis in low somatic cell count British dairy herds . Journal of Dairy Science , 83 : 2646 – 2672 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prescott , JF , Baggot , JD and Walker , RD . 2000 . Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine , Ames, IA, , USA : Iowa State Press .
   Google Scholar
• Roberson , JR , Warnick , LD and Moore , G . 2004 . Mild to moderate clinical mastitis: Efficacy of intramammary amoxicillin, frequent milk-out, a combined intramammary amoxicillin, and frequent milk-out treatment versus no treatment . Journal of Dairy Science , 87 : 583 – 592 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salmon , SA , Watts , JL , Aarestrup , FM , Pankey , JW and Yancey , RJ Jr . 1998 . Minimum inhibitory concentrations for selected antimicrobial agents against organisms isolated from the mammary glands of dairy heifers in New Zealand and Denmark . Journal of Dairy Science , 81 : 570 – 578 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schukken , YH and Deluyker , HA . 1995 . Design of field trials for the evaluation of antibacterial products for therapy of bovine clinical mastitis . Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , 18 : 274 – 283 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schukken , YH , Grommers , FJ , van de Geer , D and Brand , A . 1989 . Incidence of clinical mastitis on farms with low somatic cell counts in bulk milk . Veterinary Record , 125 : 60 – 64 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schukken , YH , Grommers , FJ , van de Geer , D , Erb , HN and Brand , A . 1991 . Risk factors for clinical mastitis in herds with a low bulk milk somatic cell count. 2. Risk factors for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . Journal of Dairy Science , 74 : 826 – 832 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , KL , Todhunter , DA and Schoenberger , PS . 1985 . Environmental pathogens and intramammary infection during the dry period . Journal of Dairy Science , 68 : 402 – 417 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sol , S , Sampimon , OC , Barkema , HW and Schukken , YH . 2000 . Factors associated with cure after therapy of clinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus . Journal of Dairy Science , 83 : 278 – 284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suriyasathaporn , W , Heuer , C , Noordhuizen-Stassen , EN and Schukken , YH . 2000 . Hyperketonemia and the impairment of udder defence: a review . Veterinary Research , 31 : 397 – 412 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waage , S , Sviland , S and Odegaard , SA . 1998 . Identification of risk factors for clinical mastitis in dairy heifers . Journal of Dairy Science , 81 : 1275 – 1284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whittem , T and Gaon , D . 1998 . Principles of antimicrobial therapy . Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice , 28 : 197 – 213 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whittem , T and Hanlon , D . 1997 . Dihydrostreptomycin or streptomycin in combination with penicillin G in dairy cattle therapeutics: a review and re-analysis of published data Part 2: Resistance and residues . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 45 : 223 – 229 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilesmith , JW , Frances , PG and Wilson , CD . 1986 . Incidence of clinical mastitis in a cohort of British dairy herds . Veterinary Record , 118 : 199 – 204 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wraight , MD . 2003 . A comparative efficacy trial between cefuroxime and cloxacillin as intramammary treatments for clinical mastitis in lactating cows on commercial dairy farms . New Zealand Veterinary Journal , 51 : 26 – 32 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar