Strategic environmental assessment (sea): A tool for environmental decision‐making.

References

• BAILEY , J. and DIXON , J. 1999 . “ Policy environmental assessment ” . In Handbook of environmental impact assessment. , Edited by: Petts , J. London : Blackwell Scientific .
   Google Scholar
• BAKER , S. 2006 . Sustainable development. , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• BASS , R. and HERSON , A. 1999 . “ Environmental impact assessment of land‐use plans: experience under the National Environmental Policy Act and the California Environmental Quality Act ” . In Handbook of environmental impact assessment , Edited by: Petts , J. London : Blackwell Scientific. .
   Google Scholar
• BROWN , A.L. and THERIVEL , R. 2000 . Principles to guide the development of strategic environmental assessment methodology . Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal , 15 : 73 – 88 .
   Google Scholar
• CAVAN COUNTY COUNCIL . 2006 . Strategic environmental assessment (draft) Implementation manual for planning authority. , Cavan County Council .
   Google Scholar
• CSIR (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research) . 21 August 1997 . “ A protocol for strategic environmental assessment in South Africa ” . In Draft Discussion document 21 August , Council for Scientific and Industrial Research. South Africa
   Google Scholar
• DALAL‐CLAYTON , B. and SADLER , B. 2005 . Strategic environmental assessment. , London : Earthscan .
   Google Scholar
• DOELG (Department of Environment and Local Government) . 1997 . Sustainable development: a strategy for Ireland. , Dublin : Stationery Office .
   Google Scholar
• DOEGL . 2002a . Making Ireland's development sustainable. , Dublin : Stationery Office .
   Google Scholar
• DOELG . 2002b . National spatial strategy. , Dublin : Stationery Office .
   Google Scholar
• DOEHLG (Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government) . 2004 . Implementation of SEA Directive (2001/42/EC): assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment. , Dublin : Stationery Office .
   Google Scholar
• DONNELLY , A. , MOONEY , P. , FINNAN , J. , LYNN , D. , JONES , M. , O'MAHONY , T. , THERIVEL , R. and BYRNE , G . 2006 . Workshop approach to developing objectives, targets and indicators for use in SEA . Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management , 8 (2) : 135 – 156 .
   Google Scholar
• EC (European Commission) . 1998 . Decision No 2I79/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 September 1998 on the review of the European Community programme of policy and action in relation to the environment and sustainable development ‘Towards sustainability’. , Brussels : European Commission .
   Google Scholar
• ELLING , B. 1997 . Strategic Environmental Assessment of National Policies: The Danish Experience of a Full Concept Assessment . Project Appraisal. , 12 : 161 – 172 .
   Google Scholar
• EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) . 2003 . Development of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) methodologies for programmes and plans in Ireland. , Wexford : EPA .
   Google Scholar
• EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENT AGENCY . 2002 . “ Environmental signals: benchmarking the millennium ” . In Environmental Assessment Report 9 , Copenhagen : EEA. .
   Google Scholar
• FISCHER , T. 2002 . Strategic environmental assessment in transport and land use planning. , London : Earthscan .
   Google Scholar
• FISCHER , T. 2003 . Strategic environmental assessment in postmodern times . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 23 : 155 – 170 .
   Google Scholar
• FISCHER , T. and GAZZOLA , P. 2006 . SEA effectiveness criteria: equally valid in all countries: the case of Italy . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 26 : 396 – 409 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HANRAHAN , D. SEA at the World Bank‐structured learning. Paper presented to the World Bank Workshop on SEA. Paris: World Bank. IAIA (International Association for Impact Assessment) (2002) Strategic Environmental Assessment: performance criteria . Special Publication Series No.1.
   Google Scholar
• IEMA . 2005 . IEMA Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Environmental Report (ER) Review Criteria. , London : Imperial College .
   Google Scholar
• JONES , C. 2005 . Strategic Environmental Assessment and land use planning. , London : Earthscan .
   Google Scholar
• LAFFERTY , W. and MEADOWCROFT , J. 2000 . Implementing sustainable development: strategies and initiatives in high consumption societies. , Oxford : University Press, Oxford .
   Google Scholar
• LEBLANC , P. and FISCHER , K. 1996 . “ The Canadian federal experience, Strategic Environmental Assessment: environmental assessment of policies ” . In Report no 54. , Edited by: de Boer , J.J. and Sadler , B. The Netherlands : Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment .
   Google Scholar
• LELE , S. 1991 . Sustainable development: a critical review . World Development , 6 (19) : 607 – 621 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MACKOWIAK‐PANDERA , J. and JESSEL , B. 2005 . “ Development of SEA in Poland ” . In Implementing Strategic Environmental Assessment , Edited by: Schmidt , M. , Joao , E. and Abbrecht , E . London : Earthscan.. .
   Google Scholar
• MARSDEN , S. and DOVERS , S. 2002 . Strategic Environmental Assessment in Australasia. , Sydney : The Federation Press .
   Google Scholar
• 1999 . NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN (2000–2006) , Dublin : Stationery Office .
   Google Scholar
• 2007 . NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN (2007–2013) , Dublin : Stationery Office .
   Google Scholar
• NOBLE , B. 2000 . Strategic Environmental Assessment: what is it and what makes it strategic? . Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management , 2 : 203 – 224 .
   Google Scholar
• NOBLE , B. 2002 . The Canadian Experience with SEA and sustainability . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 22 : 3 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• NOBLE , B. 2004 . Strategic Environmental Assessment quality assurance: evaluating and improving the consistency of judgements in assessment panels . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 24 : 3 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NOBLE , B. and STOREY , K. 2001 . Towards a structured approach to strategic environmental assessment . Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management , 3 (4) : 1 – 39 .
   Google Scholar
• OECD (Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development) . 2006 . Good practice guidance on applying Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in development co‐operation. , OECD SEA Training Documentation .
   Google Scholar
• ODPM (Office of the Deputy Prime Minister) . 2004 . A draft practical guide to the Strategic Environmental Assessment, guidance for planning authorities. , London : Office of the Deputy Prime Minister .
   Google Scholar
• O. J . “ Directive 2001 /42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2001 on the assessment of the effects of Certain plans and programmes on the environment ” . In (OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES)∼ (2001) , Luxembourg : European Parliament .
   Google Scholar
• PARTIDARIO , M. 2000 . Elements of an SEA framework: improving the value added of SEA . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 20 : 647 – 663 .
   Google Scholar
• PARTIDARIO , M. 2003 . SEA training manual . International Association of Impact Assessment, Training Manual. ,
   Google Scholar
• POPE , J. , ANNANDALE , D. and MORRISON‐SAUNDERS , A. 2004 . Conceptualising sustainability assessment . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 24 : 595 – 616 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PROJECT APPRAISAL . 1992 . Special issue on SEA . Project Appraisal , 7 ( 3 )
   Google Scholar
• REDCLIFT , M. 1987 . Sustainable development: exploring the contradictions. , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• REES , C. 1999 . Improving the effectiveness of environmental assessment at the World Bank . EIA Review , 19 : 33 – 9 .
   Google Scholar
• RETIEF , F. 2007 . A performance evaluation of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) processes within the South African context . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 27 : 84 – 100 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SADLER , B. and VERHEEM , R. 1996 . “ SEA: status, challenges and future directions ” . In Report 53. , The Netherlands : Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment .
   Google Scholar
• SCANNELL , Y. 2006 . Environmental and land use law. , Dublin : Thomson Round Hall .
   Google Scholar
• SCOTT , P. 2005 . “ Ireland. ” . In Strategic Environmental Assessment and land use planning , Edited by: Jones , C . London : Earthscan. .
   Google Scholar
• SHEATE , W. , DAGG , S. , RICHARDSON , J. , ASCHEMANN , R. , PALERM , J and STEEN , U. 2001 . Main Report European Commission Contract No. B4–040/99/136634/MAR/B4. , Vol. 1 , London : Imperial College Consultants ICON . http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/eia/sea‐support (accessed 21/7/2006)
   Google Scholar
• SHEATE , W. , DAGQ , S. , RICHARDSON , J. , ASCHEMANN , R. , PALERM , J. and STEEN , U. 2003 . Integrating the environment into strategic decision‐making: conceptualizing policy SEA . European Environment , 13 (1) : 1 – 18 .
   Google Scholar
• SHEATE , W. , BYRON , H. and SMITH , S. 2004 . Implementing the SEA Directive: sectoral challenges and opportunities for the UK and EU . European Environment , 14 : 73 – 93 .
   Google Scholar
• SHEATE , W. , BYRON , H. , DAGQ , S. and COOPER , L. 2005 . The relationship between EIA and SEAn directives, final report to the European Commission. , London : Imperial College Consultants Ltd. .
   Google Scholar
• SNEDDON , C , HOWARTH , R. and NORGAARD , R. 2006 . Sustainable development in a post‐ Brundtland World . Ecological Economics , 57 : 253 – 268 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• THERIVEL , R. 2004 . Strategic Environmental Assessment in action. , London : Earthscan .
   Google Scholar
• THERIVEL , R. and PARTIDARIO , M. 1996 . “ Introduction ” . In The practice of Strategic Environmental Assessment , Edited by: Therivel , R. and Partidario , M. London : Earthscan. .
   Google Scholar
• TONK , J. and VERHEEM , R. Integrating the environment in strategic decision‐making – one concept, multiple forms . Paper presented to the 18th Annual Conference of AIA. Christchurch. IAIA .
   Google Scholar
• TWIGGER‐ROSS , C. March 2006 . Course Notes on techniques for stakeholder analysis and engagement in SEA. , March , Strategic Environmental Assessment Training Course, Imperial College London .
   Google Scholar
• UNCED (United Nations Commission on Environment and Development) . 1992 . Agenda 21. , New York : United Nations Conference on Environment and Development. United Nations General Assembly .
   Google Scholar
• UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe) . 1992 . Application of Environmental Impact Assessment principles to policies, plans and programmes. , UNECE Environmental Series no.5 Geneva
   Google Scholar
• VACLAVIKOVA , L. and JENDRIKE , H. 2005 . “ National Strategy for the Implementation of SEA in the Czech Republic ” . In Implementing Strategic Environmental Assessment , Edited by: Schmidt , M. , João , E. and Abbrecht , E. London : Earthscan. .
   Google Scholar
• VERHEEM , R. 2002 . “ Recommendations for sustainability assessment in the Netherlands ” . In Commission for EIA. Environmental Impact Assessment in the Netherlands. Views from the Commission for EIA in 2002. The Netherlands
   Google Scholar
• VERHEEM , R. and TONK , J. 2000 . Strategic Environmental Assessment: one concept multiple forms . Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal , 19 (3) : 177 – 82 .
   Google Scholar
• VICENTE , G. and PARTIDARIO , M. 2006 . SEA‐enhancing communication for better environmental decisions . Environmental Impact Assessment Review , 26 : 3 – 11 .
   Google Scholar
• WCED (World Commission on Environment and Development) . 1987 . Our Common Future. , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• WSSD (World Summit on Sustainable Development) . 2000 . Key Outcome of the Summit www.johan‐nesburg.org/documents. Accessed 10/7/2006
   Google Scholar
• and advice/strategic environmental assessment. Accessed 4/8/2006 WWW.epa.ie/technicalguidance (WWW.epa.ie/technicalguidance)
   Google Scholar