Assembling the Full Cast: Ritual Performance, Gender Transgression and Iconographic Innovation in Viking-Age Ribe

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Ambrosiani, B 2013, Excavations in the Black Earth 1990–1995: Stratigraphy, 1. Part One: The Site and the Shore. Part Two: The Bronze Caster’s Workshop, Birka Stud 9.
   Google Scholar
• Andersen, J H and Sode, T 2010, ‘The glass bead material’, in M Bencard, A K Rasmussen and H G Madsen (eds), Ribe Excavations 1970–76 6, Esbjerg: Jutland Archaeological Society Publications 75, 17–132.
   Google Scholar
• Andrén, A, Jennbert, K and Raudvere, C (eds) 2006, Old Norse Religion in Long-Term Perspectives: Origins, Changes, and Interactions, Lund: Nordic Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Anon 1930, ‘Universitetets Oldsakssamlings tilvekst 1929’ Universitetets Oldsaksamling Årbok 3, 167–230.
   Google Scholar
• Arwidsson, G 1989a, ‘Verschiedene Schmuckgegenstände’, in Arwidsson 1989b, 55–62.
   Google Scholar
• Arwidsson G (ed) 1989b, Birka 2:3. Systematische Analysen Der Gräberfunde, Stockholm: Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien/Almqvist and Wiksell.
   Google Scholar
• Arwill-Nordbladh, E 2016, ‘Viking Age hair’, Internet Archaeol 42, <intarch.ac.uk/journal/issue42/6/8.cfm> [accessed 12 May 2020].
   Google Scholar
• Axboe, M 1986, ‘Brísingamen — også et arkæologisk problem’, Danske Stud 1986, 116–21.
   Google Scholar
• Back Danielsson, I-M 1999, ‘Engendering performance in the Late Iron Age’, Curr Swed Archaeol 7, 7–20.
   Google Scholar
• Baastrup, M P 2015, ‘Metalfund, tekst og katalog’, in T Christensen (ed) Lejre Bag Myten: De Arkæologiske Udgravninger, Jysk Arkæologisk Selskabs Skrifter 87, 477–563.
   Google Scholar
• Bailey, R N 1980, Viking Age Sculpture in Northern England, London: Collins.
   Google Scholar
• Bau, F 1982, ‘Seler og slæb i Vikingetid. Birka’s kvindedragt i nyt lys/Straps and trains in the Viking Age: Birka’s female costume in a new light’, Kuml 1981, 13–48.
   Google Scholar
• Bauer, A and Pesch, A (eds) 2018, Hvanndalir — Beiträge zur europäischen Altertumskunde und mediävistischen Literaturwissenschaft. Festschrift für Wilhelm Heizmann, Berlin–Boston (Massachusetts): De Gruyter, 463–96.
   Google Scholar
• Beck, M R, Trier Christiansen, T and Henriksen, M B 2019, Fynske og Nordjyske Lokaliteter Med Metalfund 400–1100 e.Kr. Katalog. From Central Space to Urban Place, Odense: Odense Bys Museer.
   Google Scholar
• Bell, C 1992, Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice, Oxford–New York (New York): Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bishop, M C 1988, ‘Cavalry equipment of the Roman army in the first century ad’, in J C Coulston (ed), Military Equipment and the Identity of Roman Soldiers, Brit Archaeol Rep Int Ser, 394, 67–195.
   Google Scholar
• Blindheim, C 1960, ‘En amulett av rav’, Universitetets Oldsaksamling Årbok 1958–59, 78–90.
   Google Scholar
• Blindheim, C, Heyerdahl-Larsen, B and Ingstad, A S 1999, Kaupang-Funnene 2. Gravplassene i Bikjholbergene/Lamøya. Undersøkelsene 1950–1957. Del B. Oldsaksformer, Oslo: Universitetets Kulturhistoriske Museer, Oldsaksamling.
   Google Scholar
• Bonde, N and Christensen, A E 1993, ‘Dendrochronological dating of the Viking Age ship burials at Oseberg, Gokstad and Tune, Norway’, Antiquity 67:256, 575–83.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinch Madsen, H 1984, ‘Metal casting: Techniques, production and workshops’, in M Bencard (ed), Ribe Excavations 1970–76 2, Esbjerg: Sydjysk Universitetsforlag, 15–93.
   Google Scholar
• Callmer, J 1989, ‘Gegossene Schmuckangänger mit nordischer Ornamentik’, in Arwidsson 1989b, 19–42.
   Google Scholar
• Callmer, J 2002, ‘North-European trading centres and the early medieval craftsman. Craftsmen at Åhus, north-eastern Scania, Sweden ca. ad 750–850’, in B Hårdh and L Larsson (eds), Central Places in the Migration and Merovingian Periods, Uppåkrastud, 6, 125–57.
   Google Scholar
• Callmer, J 2008, ‘The meaning of women’s ornaments and ornamentation’, Acta Archaeol 79:1, 185–207.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capelle, T 2003, ‘Fünf Miniaturen’, in Hårdh, 165–71.
   Google Scholar
• Clover, C J 1986, ‘Hildigunnr’s lament’, in J Lindow, L Lönnroth and G W Weber (eds), Structure and Meaning in Old Norse Literature: New Approaches to Textual Analysis and Literary Criticism, Odense: Odense University Press, 141–83.
   Google Scholar
• Croix, S, Deckers, P, Feveile, C, et al 2019, ‘Single context, metacontext, and high definition archaeology: integrating new standards of stratigraphic excavation and recording’, J Archaeol Method Theory 26:4, 1591–631.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Croix, S, Deckers, P, Feveile, C, et al forthcoming, ‘Excavation atlas’, in S M Sindbæk (ed), Northern Emporium, Vol 1, Aarhus: Aarhus University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Croix, S, Deckers, P and Sindbæk, S M 2020, ‘Recasting a Viking warrior woman from Ribe: 3D digital image reconstruction compared’, J Archaeol Sci Rep 32, 102455.
   Google Scholar
• Croix, S, Neiß, M and Sindbæk, S M 2019, ‘The réseau opératoire of urbanization: craft collaborations and organization in an early medieval workshop in Ribe, Denmark’, Camb Archaeol J 29:2, 1–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeMaris, R 2017, ‘Ritual transgression’, in R E DeMaris, J T Lamoreaux and S Muir (eds), Early Christian Ritual Life, London: Routledge, 146–66.
   Google Scholar
• Dobat, A S 2010, ‘Ein frühmittelalterlicher Zentralplatz im Umfeld von Haithabu/Schleswig Bericht über die Ergebnisse der Prospektionen 2003–2005’, Die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu 16, 131–256.
   Google Scholar
• Drescher, H 1983, ‘Metallhandwerk des 8.–11. Jh. in Haithabu auf grund der Werkstattabfälle’, in H Jankuhn, W Janssen and R Schmidt-Wiegand (eds), Das Handwerk in Vor- und Frühgeschichtlicher Zeit: 2. Archäologische und Philologische Beiträge, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 174–92.
   Google Scholar
• Duczko, W 1989, ‘Runde Silberblechanhänger mit punziertem Muster’, in Arwidsson 1989b, 9–18.
   Google Scholar
• Eniosova, N 2007, ‘Viking Age gold from Old Rus’, in Fransson et al, 175–9.
   Google Scholar
• Fabech, C and Näsman, U 2017, ‘Sösdala interpreted in its glocal context’, in C Fabech and U Näsman (eds), The Sösdala Horsemen and the Equestrian Elite of Fifth Century Europe, Jutland Archaeol Publ 99, 329–49.
   Google Scholar
• Fern, C 2005, ‘The archaeological evidence for equestrianism in early Anglo-Saxon England, c.450–700’, in A Pluskowski (ed), Just Skin and Bones? New Perspectives on Human-Animal Relations in the Historical Past, Brit Archaeol Rep Int Ser 1410, 43–71.
   Google Scholar
• Feveile, C 2002, ‘Støbning af ovale skålspænder i Ribe — type- og teknikvariation’, in M B Henriksen (ed), Metalhåndværk og Håndværkspladser fra Yngre Germansk Jernalder, Vikingetid og Tidlig Middelalder, Skrifter fra Odense Bys Museer 9, 17–26.
   Google Scholar
• Feveile, C 2006a, ‘Mønterne fra det ældste Ribe’, in C Feveile (ed), Ribe Studier. Det Ældste Ribe. Udgravninger på Nordsiden af Ribe Å 1984–2000 1.1, Højbjerg: Jysk Arkæologisk Selskab/Den Antikvariske Samling, 279–312.
   Google Scholar
• Feveile, C 2006b, ASR 2165 Dagmarsgade Øst — et Glimt af Ribes Vikingetid, Ribe: Den Antikvariske Samling.
   Google Scholar
• Feveile, C (ed) 2006c, Ribe Studier. Det Ældste Ribe. Udgravninger på Nordsiden af Ribe Å 1984-2000 1.2, Højbjerg: Jysk Arkæologisk Selskab/Den Antikvariske Samling.
   Google Scholar
• Feveile, C 2015a, ‘Metaldetektorproblematikken — uens regler og deres konsekvenser’, in Pedersen and Sindbæk, 120–35.
   Google Scholar
• Feveile, C 2015b, ‘Revninge-figurens gåder’, Skalk 2015:1, 3–8.
   Google Scholar
• Feveile, C and Jensen, S 2006, ‘ASR 8 Rosenallé’, in Feveile 2006c, 65–118.
   Google Scholar
• Fleming, R 2012, ‘Recycling in Britain after the fall of Rome’s metal economy’, Past & Present 217:1, 3–45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frandsen, L B and Jensen, S 1987, ‘Pre-Viking and early Viking Age Ribe’, J Dan Archaeol 6:1, 175–89.
   Google Scholar
• Frandsen, L B and Jensen, S 2006, ‘ASR 7 Sct. Nicolagade 8’, in Feveile 2006c, 9–64.
   Google Scholar
• Fransson, U, Svedin, M, Bergerbrant, S, et al (eds) 2007, Cultural Interaction between East and West: Archaeology, Artefacts and Human Contacts in Northern Europe, Stockholm Stud Archaeol 44.
   Google Scholar
• Friðriksdóttir, J K 2020, Valkyrie: The Women of the Viking World, London–New York (New York): Bloomsbury Academic.
   Google Scholar
• Fuglesang, S H 1989, ‘Viking and medieval amulets in Scandinavia’, Fornvännen 84, 15–27.
   Google Scholar
• Fulk, R D (ed) 2012, ‘Eyvindr skáldaspillir Finnsson, Hákonarmál 11’, in D Whaley (ed), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035, Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1, 186.
   Google Scholar
• Gammeltoft, P, Jakobsen, J G G and Sindbæk, S M 2015, ‘Vikingetidens bebyggelse omkring Kattegat og Skagerrak. Et forsøg på kortlægning’, in Pedersen and Sindbæk, 6–23.
   Google Scholar
• Gannon, A 2015, ‘Series X and its international framework: an art historical contribution to the study of early-medieval coinage’, in A Willemsen and H Kik (eds), Golden Middle Ages in Europe: New Research into Early-Medieval Communities and Identities, Turnhout: Brepols, 71–80.
   Google Scholar
• Gardeła, L 2013, ‘Warrior-women’ in Viking Age Scandinavia? A preliminary archaeological study’, Analecta Archaeol Ressoviensia 8, 273–314.
   Google Scholar
• Gardeła, L, 2015, ‘Viking Age amulets in Poland: symbolism and context’, in J Glauser, K Müller-Wille and A K Richter (eds), The Sixteenth International Saga Conference. Sagas and Space. Preprint of Abstracts, Zürich: Schweizerische Gesellschaft Für Skandinavische Studien, 104–5.
   Google Scholar
• Gardeła, L 2018, ‘Amazons of the North? Armed females in Viking archaeology and medieval literature’, in Bauer and Pesch, 391–428.
   Google Scholar
• Gardeła, L and Odebäck, K 2018, ‘Miniature shields in the Viking Age: a reassessment’, Viking Medieval Scand 14, 81–133.
   Google Scholar
• Glørstad, Z T and Røstad, I M 2015, ‘Mot en ny tid? Merovingertidens ryggknappspenner som uttrykk for endring og erindring’, in M Vedeler and I M Røstad (eds), Smykker: Personlig Pynt i Kulturhistorisk Lys, Trondheim: Museumsforlaget, 181–210.
   Google Scholar
• Glørstad, Z T and Røstad, I M 2021, ‘Echoes of the past: women, memories and disc-on-bow brooches in Vendel- and Viking-period Scandinavia’, Eur J Archaeol 24:1, 89–107.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham-Campbell, J 2013, Viking Art, London: Thames and Hudson.
   Google Scholar
• Gräslund, A-S 2007, ‘Some Viking-Age amulets — the Birka evidence’, in Fransson et al, 90–6.
   Google Scholar
• Gunnell, T 1995, The Origins of Drama in Scandinavia, Cambridge: D S Brewer.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, R and Williams, G 2020, ‘A riverine site near York: a possible Viking camp?’, in G Williams (ed), A Riverine Site near York: A Possible Viking Camp?, London: British Museum, London, 3–102.
   Google Scholar
• Hedeager, L 2011, Iron Age Myth and Materiality: An Archaeology of Scandinavia, ad 400–1000, London–New York (New York): Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Heen-Pettersen, A and Murray, G 2018, ‘An insular reliquary from Melhus: the significance of Insular ecclesiastical material in early Viking-Age Norway’, Med Archaeol 62:1, 53–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heeren, S and van der Feijst, L 2017, Prehistorische, Romeinse en Middeleeuwse Fibulae uit de Lage Landen: Beschrijving, Analyse en Interpretatie van een Archeologische Vondstcategorie, Amersfoort: Publisher Unknown.
   Google Scholar
• Helmbrecht, M 2011, Wirkmächtige Kommunikationsmedien: menschenbilder der Vendel- und Wikingerzeit und ihre Kontexte, Acta Archaeol Lundensia Ser Prima in 4° 30.
   Google Scholar
• Helmbrecht, M 2013, ‘Figures, foils and faces — fragments of a pictorial world. Anthropomorphic images from the Vendel Period and Viking Age found at Uppåkra’, in B Hårdh and L Larsson (eds), Folk, fä Och Fynd, Uppåkrastud 12, 9–31.
   Google Scholar
• Henriksen, M B and Vang Petersen, P 2013, ‘Valkyriefund’, Skalk 2013:2, 3–10.
   Google Scholar
• Holmqvist, W 1960, ‘The dancing gods’, Acta Archaeol 31, 101–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horsnæs, H W forthcoming, ‘Ancient coins in Denmark in the Viking context, the Middle Ages and the modern period. Varying find patterns and some (almost) unique novelties/Znaleziska monet antycznych od okresu wikińskiego do czasów współczesnych z terenów Danii’, in M Bogucki, A Dymowski and G Śnieżko (eds), Okruchy Starożytności. Użytkowanie Monet Antycznych w Europie Środkowej, Wschodniej i Północnej w Średniowieczu i Okresie Nowożytnym/Slivers of the Antiquity. Use of Ancient Coins in Central, Eastern and Northern Europe in the Medieval and Modern Periods, Warsaw: Warsaw University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hårdh, B (ed) 2003, Fler fynd i centrum: materialstudier i och kring Uppåkra, Uppåkrastud 9.
   Google Scholar
• Imer, L M 2012, ‘The Viking period Gotlandic picture stones. A chronological revision’, in Karnell, 115–18.
   Google Scholar
• Jankuhn, H 1937, Die Wehranlagen der Wikingerzeit zwischen Schlei und Treene, Ausgrabungen in Haithabu 1.
   Google Scholar
• Jensen, B 2010, Viking age amulets in Scandinavia and Western Europe, Brit Archaeol Rep Int Ser 2169.
   Google Scholar
• Jensen, J 2004, Danmarks oldtid. Yngre jernalder og vikingetid 400–1050 e. Kr, Copenhagen: Gyldendal.
   Google Scholar
• Jensen, S 1990, ‘Odin fra Ribe/Odin from Ribe’, in P Kjærum and R A Olsen (eds), Oldtidens Ansigt/Faces of the past, s.l.: Det Kongelige Nordiske Oldskriftselskab/Jysk Arkæologisk Selskab, 178–9.
   Google Scholar
• Jesch, J 2001, Ships and Men in the Late Viking Age: The Vocabulary of Runic Inscriptions and Skaldic Verse, Woodbridge: Boydell Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jesch, J 2015, The Viking Diaspora, London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Karnell, M H 2012, Gotland’s picture stones: bearers of an enigmatic legacy, Rep Friends Histor Museum Assoc 84.
   Google Scholar
• Kaliff, A and Oestigaard, T 2020, The Great Indo-European Horse Sacrifice: 4000 Years of Cosmological Continuity from Sintashta and the Steppe to Scandinavian Skeid, Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet.
   Google Scholar
• Kershaw, J F 2013, Viking Identities: Scandinavian Jewellery in England, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kleingärtner, S 2003, ‘Eine pferdegestaltige Fibel aus Uppåkra: stilistische und kulturhistorische Betrachtungen’, in Hårdh, 123–35.
   Google Scholar
• Krogh, S 1970, ‘Furreby-hjulet’, Kuml 1969, 149–64.
   Google Scholar
• Lang, J 1984, Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture, Volume 6, Northern Yorkshire, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Leahy, K and Paterson, C 2001, ‘New light on the Viking presence in Lincolnshire: the artefactual evidence’, in J Graham-Campbell (ed), Vikings and the Danelaw. Select Papers from the Proceedings of the Thirteenth Viking Congress, Oxford: Oxbow, 181–202.
   Google Scholar
• Leclercq-Marx, J 2014, La Sirène dans la Pensée et dans l’art de l’Antiquité et du Moyen Age: du Mythe Païen au Symbole Chrétien, Brussels: Académie Royale de Belgique, Classe Des Beaux-Arts, <www.koregos.org/fr/jacqueline-leclercq-marx-la-sirene-dans-la-pensee-et-dans-l-art-de-l-antiquite-et-du-moyen-age/> [accessed 12 May 2020].
   Google Scholar
• Ljungkvist, J 2011, ‘Mistresses of the cult — evidence of female cult leaders from an archaeological perspective’, in D Quast (ed), Weibliche Eliten in der Frühgeschichte/Female Elites in Protohistoric Europe. Internationale Tagung vom 13. bis Zum 14. Juni 2008 im RGZM im Rahmen des Forschungsschwerpunktes “Eliten”, Mainz: Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums, 251–65.
   Google Scholar
• Lundin, A 2006, ‘The advent of the esteemed horseman-sovereign. A study of rider-motifs on Gotlandic picture-stones’, in Andrén et al, 369–74.
   Google Scholar
• Mackeprang, M B 1935, ‘Menschendarstellungen aus der Eisenzeit Dänemarks’, Acta Archaeol 6, 228–59.
   Google Scholar
• Magnell, O, 2019, ‘Animals of sacrifice: animals and the blót in the Old Norse sources and ritual depositions of bones from archaeological sites’, in K Wikström af Edholm, P Jackson Rova, A Nordberg (eds), Myth, Materiality and Lived Religion in Merovingian and Viking Scandinavia, Stockholm: Stockholm University, 303–37.
   Google Scholar
• Majchczack, B 2016, ‘The current model of archaeological metal detecting and its success in Schleswig-Holstein’, in J Martens and M Ravn (eds), Pløyejord Som Kontekst. Nye Utfordringer for Forskning, Fovaltning og Formidling, Oslo: Portal Forlag og Kulturhistorisk Museum, Arkeologisk Seksjon, 89–100.
   Google Scholar
• Mannering, U 2016, Iconic Costumes: Scandinavian Late Iron Age Costume Iconography, Oxford–Havertown (Pennsylvania): Oxbow Books.
   Google Scholar
• Margeson, S 1997, The Vikings in Norfolk, Norwich: Castle Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Marold, E (ed) 2012a, ‘Einarr skálaglamm Helgason, Vellekla 7’, in Whaley, 291.
   Google Scholar
• Marold, E (ed) 2012b, ‘Einarr skálaglamm Helgason, Vellekla 6’, in Whaley, 290.
   Google Scholar
• Meaney, A 1981, Anglo-Saxon Amulets and Curing Stones, Brit Archaeol Rep Brit Ser 96.
   Google Scholar
• Melander, T 1991, ‘Ribesten fra Rhinen af?’, By Marsk og Geest 4, 15–24.
   Google Scholar
• Melander, T 2001, ‘Flere ’gemmer’ fra markedspladsen’, By Marsk og Geest 13, 33–6.
   Google Scholar
• Messal, S 2019, Auf der suche nach dem Ältesten Hafen Rostocks: Archäologische Untersuchungen auf dem Frühmittelalterlichen Seehandelsplatz am Primelberg in Rostock-Dierkow, Wilhelmshaven: Niedersächsisches Institut Für Historische Küstenforschung.
   Google Scholar
• Murphy, L J 2013, Herjans Dísir. Valkyrjur, supernatural femininities, and elite warrior culture in the late Pre-Christian Iron Age (unpubl MA Dissertation, University of Iceland).
   Google Scholar
• Nancke-Krogh, S 1978, ‘Ribehesten og dens slægtninge’, Kuml 1978, 179–91.
   Google Scholar
• Näsman, U 1973, ‘Vapenminiatyrer från Eketorp’, TOR 15:1972–73, 94–102.
   Google Scholar
• Neiß, M 2013, ‘Viking Age animal art as a material anchor? A new theory based on a head motif’, in L Gardeła and K Kajkowski (eds), Motyw Glowy w Dawnych Kulturach/the Head Motif in past Societies, Bytów: Muzeum Zachódniokaszubskie w Bytowie, 74–87.
   Google Scholar
• Ney, A 2009, ‘Sigurdstraditionens välkomstmotiv i text och bild’, in A Ney, A Jakobsson and A Lassen (eds), Fornaldarsagaerne. Myter og Virkelighed: Studier i de Oldislandske Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda, Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanums Forlag, 143–52.
   Google Scholar
• Ney, A 2012, ‘The welcoming scene on Gotlandic picture stones in comparison with Viking Period and Medieval Literary Sources’, in Karnell, 73–82.
   Google Scholar
• Nicolaysen, N 1882, Langskibet fra Gokstad ved Sandefjord, Kristiana: Alb. Cammermeyer.
   Google Scholar
• Nistelberger, H M, Pálsdóttir, A H, Star, B, et al 2019, ‘Sexing Viking age horses from burial and non-burial sites in Iceland using ancient DNA’, J Archaeol Sci 101, 115–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norr, S 2009, ‘Old gold — the helmet in Hákonarmál as a sign of its time’, in S Norr (ed), Valsgärde Studies: The Place and Its People, Past and Present, Occas Pap Archaeol 42, 83–114.
   Google Scholar
• Nygaard, S and Murphy, L J 2017, ‘Processioner i førkristen nordisk religion’, Religionsvidenskabeligt Tidsskrift 66, 40–77.
   Google Scholar
• Oehrl, 2019, Die Bildsteine Gotlands: Probleme und neue Wege ihrer Dokumentation, Lesung und Deutung, Friedberg: Likias.
   Google Scholar
• Olsen, V S 2006, ‘The development of (proto-) disc-on-bow brooches in England, Frisia and Scandinavia’, Palaeohistoria 47–8:2005–2006, 479–528.
   Google Scholar
• Olsén, P 1945, Die Saxe von Valsgärde 1, Uppsala-Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell.
   Google Scholar
• Oma, K A 2016, ‘From horses to Jesus: saving souls in the transition from pagan to Christian Scandinavia’, in D Davis and A Maurstad (eds), The Meaning of Horses: Biosocial Encounters, Abingdon, New York (New York): Routledge, 23–38.
   Google Scholar
• Ørsnes, M 1966, Form og Stil i Sydskandinaviens Yngre Germanske Jernalder, København: Nationalmuseet.
   Google Scholar
• Ørsnes, M, 1988, ‘Hestebilleder’, in A Andersen (eds), Festskrift til Olaf Olsen på 60-Års Dagen den 7. Juni 1988, Copenhagen: Det Kongelige Nordiske Oldskriftselskab, 93–104.
   Google Scholar
• Pandian, J 2001, ‘Symbolic inversions. An interpretation of contrary behavior in ritual’, Anthropos 96, 557–62.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedersen, A 2009, ‘Amulette und Amulettsitte der jüngeren Eisen- und Wikingerzeit in Südskandinavien’, in U Von Freeden, H Friesinger and E Wamers (eds), Glaube, Kult und Herrschaft: Phänomene des Religiösen im 1. Jahrtausend n. Chr. in Mittel- Und Nordeuropa, Bonn: Rudolf Habelt, 287–302.
   Google Scholar
• Pedersen, U 2016, Into the melting pot: non-ferrous metalworkers in Viking-Period Kaupang, Kaupang Excavation Project Publ Ser 4.
   Google Scholar
• Pedersen, A, Roesdahl, E and Graham-Campbell, J 2014, ‘Dress accessories and personal ornaments of metal. Amulets’, in E Roesdahl et al (eds), Aggersborg. The Viking-Age Settlement and Fortress, Højbjerg: Jutland Archaeological Society, 279–89.
   Google Scholar
• Pedersen, A and Sindbæk, S M (eds) 2015, Et Fælles Hav: Skagerrak og Kattegat i Vikingetiden, Copenhagen: Nationalmuseet.
   Google Scholar
• Peirce, I G 2002, Swords of the Viking Age, Rochester (New York): Boydell.
   Google Scholar
• Pentz, P 2018, ‘Viking art, Snorri Sturluson and some recent metal detector finds’, Fornvännen 113, 17–33.
   Google Scholar
• Pesch, A 2017, ‘Facing faces: the head motif in migration-period archaeology’, Med Archaeol 61:1, 41–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pesch, A 2018, ‘Götterthrone und ein gefährlicher Stuhl: Bemerkungen zum ‘Odin aus Lejre’, in Bauer and Pesch, 463–96.
   Google Scholar
• Pestell, T 2015, ‘Imports or immigrants? Reassessing Scandinavian metalwork in late Anglo-Saxon East Anglia’, in D Bates and R Liddiard (eds), East Anglia and Its North Sea World in the Middle Ages, Martlesham: Boydell, 230–55.
   Google Scholar
• Petersen, 1919, De Norske Vikingesverd: En Typologisk-Kronologisk Studie over Vikingetidens Vaaben, Kristiania: Dybwad.
   Google Scholar
• Petersen, N H 2009, ‘Biblical reception, representational ritual, and the question of ‘liturgical drama’’, in G Iversen and N Bell (eds), Sapientia et Eloquentia, Turnhout: Brepols, 163–201.
   Google Scholar
• Plochov, A V 2007, ‘An interesting find from Staraja Ladoga: A representation of Freyja?’, in Fransson et al, 61–5.
   Google Scholar
• Price, N 2006, ‘What’s in a Name? An Archaeological Identity Crisis for the Norse Gods (and Some of Their Friends)’, in Andrén et al, 179–83.
   Google Scholar
• Price, N 2019, The Viking Way: Magic and Mind in Late Iron Age Scandinavia, (2nd edn), Oxford: Oxbow.
   Google Scholar
• Price, N, Hedenstierna-Jonson, C, Zachrisson, T et al, 2019, ‘Viking warrior women? Reassessing Birka chamber grave Bj.581’, Antiquity 93:367, 181–98.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Runge, M and Henriksen, M B 2018, ‘The origins of Odense — new aspects of early urbanisation in southern Scandinavia’, Dan J Archaeol 7:1, 2–68.
   Google Scholar
• Schetelig, H 1920, Vestfoldskolen, Kristiania: Universitetets Oldsaksamling.
   Google Scholar
• Simek, R 2002, ‘Goddesses, mothers, dísir: iconography and interpretation of the female deity in Scandinavia in the first millennium’, in Simek and Heizmann, 93–123.
   Google Scholar
• Simek, R and Heizmann, W (eds) 2002, Mythological Women: Studies in Memory of Lotte Motz, Stud Medieval Septentrionalia 7.
   Google Scholar
• Simpson, G and Blance, B 1998, ‘Do brooches have ritual associations?’, in J Bird (ed), Form and Fabric: Studies in Rome’s Material past in Honour of B.R. Hartley, Oxford: Oxbow Books, 267–79.
   Google Scholar
• Solli, B 2002, Seid: myter, Sjamanisme og Kjønn i Vikingenes Tid, Oslo: Pax.
   Google Scholar
• Staecker, J 2006, ‘Heroes, kings and gods: discovering sagas on Gotlandic Picture-Stones’, in Andrén et al, 363–8.
   Google Scholar
• Stoumann, I 2009, Ryttergraven Fra Grimstrup og Andre Vikingetidsgrave ved Esbjerg, Esbjerg: Sydvestjyske Museer.
   Google Scholar
• Ström, F 1974, Níð, Ergi and Old Norse Moral Attitudes, London: Viking Society for Northern Research.
   Google Scholar
• Thirup, K O 2015, ‘En Hårriver fra Vikingetiden — Nyt fra udgravningerne i Vindinge’, Romu 2014, 77–94.
   Google Scholar
• Thunmark-Nylén, L 2006, Die Wikingerzeit Gotlands 3.1: Text, Stockholm: Kungl, Vitterhets Historie Och Antikvitets Akademien.
   Google Scholar
• Tokofsky, P 1999, ‘Masking gender: a German carnival custom in its social context’, West Folklore 58:3/4, 299–318.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tweddle, D T 1992, ‘The Anglian Helmet from 16–22 Coppergate’, The Archaeology of York 17:8.
   Google Scholar
• Van Es, W A and Verwers, W J H 2009, Excavations at Dorestad 3: Hoogstraat 0, II–IV, Amersfoort: Rijksdienst Voor Archeologie, Cultuurlandschap en Monumenten.
   Google Scholar
• Vang Petersen, P 1988, ‘Gudme II, en guldskat i hus!’, Årbog for Svendborg og Omegns Museum 1988, 42–51.
   Google Scholar
• Vang Petersen, P 2005, ‘Odins fugle, valkyrier og bersærker’, in T Capelle and C Fischer (eds), Ragnarok: Odins Verden, Silkeborg: Silkeborg Museum, 57–86.
   Google Scholar
• Vang Petersen, P 2010, ‘Valkyrier og bersærker: mytologien i smykkekunsten’, in P O Nielsen and M Andersen (eds), Danefæ: Skatte Fra Den Danske Muld, Copenhagen: Gyldendal/Nationalmuseet, 134–8.
   Google Scholar
• Vedeler, M 2019, The Oseberg Tapestries, Oslo: Scandinavian Academic.
   Google Scholar
• Vierck, H 2002, ‘Zwei Amulettbilder als Zeugnisse des ausgehenden Heidentums in Haithabu’, Berichte über die Asugrabungen in Haithabu 34, 9–67.
   Google Scholar
• Wamers, E 1998, ‘Neu erworbene Bleimodelle im Frankfurter Museum für Vor- und Frügeschichte’, Hammaburg N.F 12, 89–98.
   Google Scholar
• Wamers, E 2017, ‘Freyja-Figürchen’, in S Holst, L Jørgensen and E Wamers (eds) Odin, Thor Unud Freyja: Skandinavische Kultplätze Des 1. Jahrtausends n. Chr, Regensburg: Schnell and Steiner 62.
   Google Scholar
• Wamers, E 2018, ‘Odins Ahnen. Zum frühwikingerzeitlichen Maskenanhänger aus Tissø, Dänemark’, in A Wieczorek and K Wirth (eds), Von Hammaburg nach Herimundesheim: Festschrift für Ursula Koch, Heidelberg: Verlag Regionalkultur, 281–90.
   Google Scholar
• Watt, M 2002, ‘Images of women on ‘Guldgubber’ from the Merovingian age’, in Simek and Heizmann, 81–92.
   Google Scholar
• Watt, M, 2008, ‘Guldgubber’, in C Adamsen, U L Hansen and F O Nielsen (eds), Sorte Muld, Rønne: Bornholms Museum, 42–53.
   Google Scholar
• Webster, L 2012, The Franks Casket, London: The British Museum.
   Google Scholar
• Werbart, B 1996, ‘Khazars or “Saltovo-Majaki Culture”?’, Curr Swed Archaeol 4, 199–221.
   Google Scholar
• Whaley, D (ed) 2012, Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035, Turnhout: Brepols.
   Google Scholar
• Wicker, N L 2003, ‘The Scandinavian animal styles in response to Mediterranean and Christian narrative art’, in M Carver (ed), The Cross Goes North: Processes of Conversion in Northern Europe, ad, 300–1300, York: York Medieval Press, 531–50.
   Google Scholar
• Wiechmann, R 2007, ‘Haithabu und sein Hinterland, ein lokaler numismatischer Raum?: Münzen und Münzfunde aus Haithabu (bis zum Jahr 2002)’, Berichte über die Ausgrabungen in Haithabu 36, 182–278.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, D M 2018, Manx Crosses: A Handbook of Stone Sculpture 500–1040 in the Isle Of Man, Oxford: Archaeopress.
   Google Scholar
• Wiuff Kristensen, N 2014, Bygherrerapport: KNV100 Ågård, Bjæverskov Sogn, Bjæverskov Herred, Tidl. Præstø Amt. Sted nr. 05.01.01., Vordinborg: Museum Sydøstdanmark.
   Google Scholar
• Zeiten, M K 1997, ‘Amulets and amulet use in Viking Age Denmark’, Acta Archaeol 68, 1–74.
   Google Scholar