Prayers, pilgrimages and petitions: The secret church and the growth of civil society in Slovakia

References

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• Ibid., pp. 31, 181-183.
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• 1985 . Vzkrí?ení , : 15 Religious samizdat periodicals reported this range of pilgrims in attendance. There is no information regarding how many of the pilgrims actively belonged to the secret church. See "BoIi sme na Velehrade," p. 8; "Velehrad '85," pp. 17-18; "Velehrad 1985," p. 17
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• 1985 . "Velehrad nas" . Informace o církvi , : 6 Photographs of the pilgrims gathered around the Basilica at Velehrad on 7 July indicate that the pilgrims filled every inch of the square and support the magnitude of the size of the crowd reported by religious samizdat. KI: photos #1793, #1876
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• "Velehrad '85," p. 18.
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• 1986 . "Pout1 Reckokatolíku v Lutine 1986" . Informace o církvi , : 10 also see the figures that Carnogurský sent to Keston College. Carnogurský, "Message."
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• 1983 . "Open Letter of Slovak Catholics to President Gustav Husák" . FBIS , 6 June : D1 – D2 . A Vatican report indicated that this letter was dated and sent to Husák on 15 April 1983. FBIS, 6 June 1983, p. D3. Miklo?ko and Krcméry composed the letter and collected the signatures. Miklo?ko, Nebudete ich môct'rozvrátit', p. 144
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• Krest'anske obzory reports that 95,000 signatures had been collected after 2 weeks. Krest'anske obzory, No. 7, 1988, p. 27. Bishop Korec also writes that Slovak Catholics collected up to 100,000 signatures in the first two weeks. Korec, Od barbarskj nod na slobode, p. 404.
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• 1988 . Krest'anske obzory , : 28 Krcméry, one of the individuals personally responsible for collecting signatures in Slovakia, reported that more than half of the total came from Slovakia. Krcméry, interview with the author. Krest'anske obzory's tally in the September 1988 issue gave 300,000 of 500,000 total signatures to Slovakia
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• Carnogurský, interview with the author. The Czechoslovak authorities apparently did not take note of this distinction. In a 1989 interview, Vladimir Janku, the Director of the Central Committee for Church Affairs, stated that "this so-called underground church is in reality identical to Charter 77." FBIS, 2 March 1989, p. 12.
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• Linz and Stepan . Problems of Democratic Transition 14 They also explain that civil society's development is encouraged by the legal guarantees established by the rule of law, by a state apparatus that can enforce the rights of civil society, and by an economic society that can support the autonomy needed by civil society
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• Kuhajdová, interview with the author. A brochure that HKSM distributed in the mid-1990s described its programs and explained that although the organization had been founded formally in 1990, its work had begun decades earlier through the efforts of Kolakovic, Krcméry, Jukl, and Korec. Brochure, Hnutie krest'anských spolocenstiev mláde?e, private collection of the author.
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