A Quantitative Examination of Identity Integration in Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual People of Faith

References

• Adams, G. R., Dyk, P. A. H., & Bennion, L. D. (1987). Parent–adolescent relationships and identity formation. Family Perspective, 21, 249–260.
   Google Scholar
• Aldenderfer, M. S., & Blashfield, R. K. (1984). Cluster analysis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Aronson, E. (1968). Dissonance theory: Progress and problems. In R. Abelson, E. Aronson, W. McGuire, M. Rosenberg, & P. Tannenbaum (Eds.), Theories of cognitive consistency: A sourcebook (pp. 5–28). Chicago, IL: Rand McNally.
   Google Scholar
• Bagby, R. M., Parker, J. D., & Bury, A. S. (1990). A comparative citation analysis of attribution theory and the theory of cognitive dissonance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 16, 274–283. doi:10.1177/0146167290162008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barton, B. (2010). Abomination”: Life as a Bible Belt gay. Journal of Homosexuality, 57(4), 465–484. doi:10.1080/00918361003608558
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumeister, R. F., Shapiro, J. P., & Tice, D. M. (1985). Two kinds of identity crisis. Journal of Personality, 53, 407–424. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1985.tb00373.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beagan, B. L., & Hattie, B. (2015). Religion, spirituality, and LGBTQ identity integration. Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling, 9, 92–117. doi:10.1080/15538605.2015.1029204
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bem, D. J. (1967). Self-perception: An alternative interpretation of cognitive dissonance phenomena. Psychological Review, 74, 183–200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brennan-Ing, M., Seidel, L., Larson, B., & Karpiak, S. E. (2013). “I’m created in God’s image, and God don’t create junk”: Religious participation and support among older GLBT adults. Journal of Religion, Spirituality, & Aging, 25, 70–92.
   Google Scholar
• Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cassel, J. B., & Ouellette, S. (1995). A typology of AIDS volunteers. AIDS Education and Prevention, 7(Suppl.), 80–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper, J., & Fazio, R. (1984). A new look at cognitive dissonance theory. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (vol. 17, pp. 229–266). New York, NY: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dahl, A. L., & Galliher, R. V. (2009). LGBQQ young adult experiences of religious and sexual identity integration. Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling, 3, 92–112. doi:10.1080/15538600903005268
   Google Scholar
• Day, J. M. (2002). Religious development as discursive construction. In C. A. M. Hermans, A. De Jong, & J. Van Der Lans (Eds.), Social constructionism and theology (pp. 63–89). Leiden, the Netherlands: Brill.
   Google Scholar
• Deaux, K. (1991). Social identities: Thoughts on structure and change. In R. C. Curtis (Ed.), The relational self: Theoretical convergences in psychoanalysis and social psychology (pp. 77–93). New York, NY: Guilford.
   Google Scholar
• Dehlin, J. P., Galliher, R. V., Bradshaw, W. S., & Crowell, K. A. (2015). Navigating sexual and religious identity conflict: A Mormon perspective. Identity, 15, 1–22. doi:10.1080/15283488.2014.989440
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etengoff, C. (2011). An Exploration of religious gender differences amongst Jewish-American emerging adults of different socio-religious subgroups. Archive for the Psychology of Religion, 33, 371–391. doi:10.1163/157361211X607316
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etengoff, C. (2017). Petitioning for change: Letters to religious leaders from gay men and their religious family allies. Journal of Homosexuality, 64, 166–194. doi:10.1080/00918369.2016.1174022
   Google Scholar
• Etengoff, C., & Daiute, C. (2014). Family members’ uses of religion in post-coming-out conflicts with their gay relative. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 6, 33–43. doi:10.1037/a0035198
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etengoff, C., & Daiute, C. (2015a). Online coming out communications between gay men and their religious family allies: A family of choice and origin perspective. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 11, 278–304. doi:10.1080/1550428X.2014.964442
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etengoff, C., & Daiute, C. (2015b). Clinicians’ perspectives of religious families’ and gay men’s negotiation of sexual orientation disclosure and prejudice. Journal of Homosexuality, 62, 394–426. doi:10.1080/00918369.2014.977115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etengoff, C., & Rodriguez, E. M. (2016). LGBTQ online communications: Building community through blogs, vlogs, and Facebook. In A. E. Goldberg (Ed.), The SAGE encyclopedia of LGBTQ studies (pp. 703–706). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Reference. doi:10.4135/9781483371283.n248
   Google Scholar
• Etengoff, C., & Rodriguez, E. M. (2016). Gay men’s and their family allies’ scriptural engagement. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality. doi:10.1037/rel0000087
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Festinger, L. (1957). A theory of cognitive dissonance. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University.
   Google Scholar
• Garber, M. B. (2013). The intersection of spiritual, sexual, and national identity: A qualitative study of mature Dutch women. Journal of Religion, Spirituality, and Aging, 25, 177–204. doi:10.1080/15528030.2012.753852
   Google Scholar
• Gonsiorek, J. C. (1991). The empirical basis for the demise of the illness model of homosexuality. In J. C. Gonsiorek & J. D. Weinrich (Eds.), Homosexuality: Research implications for public policy (pp. 115–136). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Halkitis, P. N., Mattis, J. S., Sahadath, J. K., Massie, D., Ladyzhenskaya, L., Pitrelli, K., … Cowie, S. E. (2009). The meanings and manifestations of religion and spirituality among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender adults. Journal of Adult Development, 16, 250–262. doi:10.1007/s10804-009-9071-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hampton, M. C., Halkitis, P. N., Perez-Figueroa, R., & Kupprat, S. A. (2013). Religiousness, spirituality, and existential well-being among HIV-positive gay, bisexual, and other MSM age 50 and over. Journal of Religion, Spirituality, and Aging, 25, 160–176.
   Google Scholar
• Henrickson, M. (2007). Lavender faith: Religion, spirituality and identity in lesbian, gay, and bisexual New Zealanders. Journal of Religion and Spirituality in Social Work, 26, 63–80. doi:10.1300/J377v26n03_04
   Google Scholar
• Herek, G. M., Gillis, J. R., & Cogan, J. C. (2009). Internalized stigma among sexual minority adults: Insights from a social psychological perspective. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56, 32–34. doi:10.1037/2376-6972.1.S.18
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ison, D., Saltzburg, S., & Bledsoe, S. E. (2010). A Nietzschean perspective on church affiliation and self-esteem among same-sex attracted members of the Mormon Church. Journal of Progressive Human Services, 21, 136–153. doi:10.1080/10428232.2010.523676
   Google Scholar
• Jones, E. E. (1985). Major developments in social psychology during the past five decades. In G. Lindzey & E. Aronson (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (3rd ed.; pp. 47–108). New York, NY: Random House.
   Google Scholar
• Maclean, A. M., Walker, L. J., & Matsuba, M. K. (2004). Transcendence and the moral self: Identity integration, religion, and moral life. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 35, 392–402. doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2004.00245.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahaffy, K. A. (1996). Cognitive dissonance and its resolution: A study of lesbian Christians. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 35, 392–402. doi:10.2307/1386414
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcus, H., & Wurf, E. (1987). The dynamic self-concept: Social psychological perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 38, 299–337. doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.38.020187.001503
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin, E., & Pallotta-Chiarolli, M. (2009). Exclusion by inclusion: Bisexual young people, marginalisation, and mental health in relation to substance abuse. In A. Taket, B. R. Crisp, A. Nevill, G. Lamaro, M. Graham, & S. Barter-Godfrey (Eds.), Theorising social exclusion (pp. 143–153). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Meanley, S., Pingel, E. S., & Bauermeister, J. A. (2016). Psychological well-being among religious and spiritual-identified young gay and bisexual men. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 13, 35–45. doi:10.1007/s13178-015-0199-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moleiro, C., Pinto, N., & Freire, J. (2013). Effects of age on spiritual well-being and homonegativity: Religious identity and practices among LGB persons in Portugal. Journal of Religion, Spirituality, and Aging, 25, 93–111.
   Google Scholar
• Pitt, R. N. (2010). Killing the messenger: Religious Black gay men’s neutralization of anti-gay religious messages. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 49, 56–72. doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2009.01492.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter, K. E., Ronneberg, C. R., & Witten, T. M. (2013). Religious affiliation and successful aging among transgender older adults: Findings from the Trans MetLife Survey. Journal of Religion, Spirituality, and Aging, 25, 112–138.
   Google Scholar
• Rodriguez, E. M. (2010). At the intersection of church and gay: A review of the psychological research on gay and lesbian Christians. Journal of Homosexuality, 57(1), 5–38. doi:10.1080/00918360903445806
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez, E. M., Etengoff, C., & Shmerler, D. L. (2016). Reconciliation of Religious Identity & Sexuality. In A. E. Goldberg (Ed.), The SAGE encyclopedia of LGBTQ studies (pp. 952–955). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Reference. doi:10.4135/9781483371283.n335
   Google Scholar
• Rodriguez, E. M., & Follins, L. D. (2012). Did God make me this way? Expanding psychological research on queer religiosity and spirituality to include intersex and transgender individuals. Psychology & Sexuality, 3, 214–225. doi:10.1080/19419899.2012.700023
   Google Scholar
• Rodriguez, E. M., Lytle, M. C., & Vaughan, M. D. (2013). Exploring the intersectionality of bisexual, religious/spiritual, and political identities from a feminist perspective. Journal of Bisexuality, 13, 285–309. doi:10.1080/15299716.2013.813001
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rodriguez, E. M., & Ouellette, S. C. (2000). Gay and lesbian Christians: Homosexual and religious identity integration in the members and participants of a gay-positive church. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 39, 333–347. doi:10.1111/0021-8294.00028
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenberg, S., & Gara, M. (1985). The multiplicity of personal identity. In P. Shaver (Ed.), Self, situations, and social behavior: Review of personality and social psychology (pp. 87–113). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Shallenberger, D. (1998). Reclaiming the spirit: Gay men and lesbians come to terms with religion. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers.
   Google Scholar
• Sherkat, D. E. (2002). Sexuality and religious commitment in the United States: An empirical examination. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 41, 313–323. doi:10.1111/1468-5906.00119
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steele, C. M. (1988). The psychology of self-affirmation: Sustaining the integrity of the self. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (vol. 21, pp. 261–302). New York, NY: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics (4th ed.). New York, NY: Harper Collins.
   Google Scholar
• Thumma, S. (1991). Negotiating a religious identity: The case of the gay Evangelical. Sociology of Religion, 52, 333–347. doi:10.2307/3710850
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar