1,627
Views
14
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Article

Addressing Sexual Dysfunction After Childhood Sexual Abuse: A Clinical Approach from an Attachment Perspective

&

References

  • Alaggia, R., Collin-Vézina, D., & Lateef, R. (2019). Facilitators and barriers to child sexual abuse (CSA) disclosures: A research update (2000-2016) Trauma Violence Abuse, 20(2), 260–283. doi:10.1177/1524838017697312
  • Alexander, P. C. (1992). Application of attachment theory to the study of sexual abuse. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60(2), 185–195. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.60.2.185
  • Alix, S., Cossette, L., Hébert, M., Cyr, M., & Frappier, J. Y. (2017). Posttraumatic stress disorder and suicidal ideation among sexually abused adolescent girls: The mediating role of shame. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 26(2), 158–174. doi:10.1080/10538712.2017.1280577
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition, text revision (DSM-IV-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: Author.
  • Andersen, B. L., & Cyranowski, J. M. (1994). Women’s sexual self-schema. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1079–1100. Retrieved from http://psycnet.apa.org.proxy1.athensams.net/fulltext/1995-09314-001.pdf
  • Aspelmeier, J. E., Elliott, A. N., & Smith, C. H. (2007). Childhood sexual abuse, attachment, and trauma symptoms in college females: The moderating role of attachment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 31(5), 549–566. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.12.002
  • Barlow, D. H. (1986). Causes of sexual dysfunction: The role of anxiety and cognitive interference. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54(2), 140–148. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.54.2.140
  • Beitchman, J. H., Zucker, K. J., Hood, J. E., DaCosta, G. A., Akman, D., & Cassavia, E. (2002). A review of the long-term effects of child sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 16(6606), 101–118. doi:10.1016/0145-2134(92)90011-F
  • Bigras, N., & Briere, J. (2015). Child sexual abuse, sexual anxiety, and sexual satisfaction: The role of self-capacities. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 24(5), 464–483. doi:10.1080/10538712.2015.1042184
  • Bigras, N., Godbout, N., & Briere, J. (2015). Child sexual abuse, sexual anxiety, and sexual satisfaction: The role of self-capacities. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse: Research, Treatment, & Program Innovations for Victims, Survivors, & Offenders, Vol. 24, pp. 464–483. doi:10.1080/10538712.2015.1042184
  • Bird, E. R., Seehuus, M., Clifton, J., & Rellini, A. H. (2014). Dissociation during sex and sexual arousal in women with and without a history of childhood sexual abuse. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 43(5), 953–964. doi:10.1007/s10508-013-0191-0
  • Birnbaum, G. E., Reis, H. T., Mikulincer, M., Gillath, O., & Orpaz, A. (2006). When sex is more than just sex: Attachment orientations, sexual experience, and relationship quality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(5), 929–943. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.91.5.929
  • Blatt, S. J. (1995). The destructiveness of perfectionism. Implications for the treatment of depression. American Psychologist, 50, 1003–1020. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.50.12.1003
  • Bornefeld-Ettmann, P., Steil, R., Lieberz, K. A., Bohus, M., Rausch, S., Herzog, J., … Müller-Engelmann, M. (2018). Sexual functioning after childhood abuse: The influence of post-traumatic stress disorder and trauma exposure. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 15(4), 529–538. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.02.016
  • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss. Vol 1, Attachment. New York, NY: Basic Books. doi:10.1093/sw/26.4.355
  • Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss. Vol 2, Separation: Anxiety and anger. New York, NY: Basic Books.
  • Brassard, A., Darveau, V., Péloquin, K., Lussier, Y., & Shaver, P. R. (2014). Childhood sexual abuse and intimate partner violence in a clinical sample of men: The mediating roles of adult attachment and anger management. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment and Trauma, 23(7), 683–704. doi:10.1080/10926771.2014.933464
  • Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., & Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment: An integrative overview. In J. A. Simpson & W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 46–76). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Brennan, K. A., & Shaver, P. R. (1995). Dimensions of adult attachment, affect regulation, and romantic relationship functioning. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(3), 267–283. doi:0803973233 doi:10.1177/0146167295213008
  • Briere, J., & Elliott, D. M. (2003). Prevalence and psychological sequelae of self-reported childhood physical and sexual abuse in a general population sample of men and women. Child Abuse & Neglect, 27(10), 1205–1222. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2003.09.008
  • Briere, J. N., & Elliott, D. M. (1994). Immediate and long-term impacts of child sexual abuse. Future Child, 4(2), 54–69. doi:10.2307/1602523
  • Buehler, S. (2008). Childhood sexual abuse: Effects on female sexual function and its treatment. Current Sexual Health Reports, 5, 154–158. doi:10.1007/s11930-008-0027-4
  • Burns Loeb, T., Vargas Carmona, J., & Al, E. (2002). Child sexual abuse: Associations with the sexual functioning of adolescents and adults. Annual Review of Sex Research, 13(1), 307–345. doi:10.1080/10532528.2002.10559808
  • Butzer, B., & Campbell, L. (2008). Adult attachment, sexual satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction: A study of married couples. Personal Relationships, 15(1), 141–154. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2007.00189.x
  • Chauncey, S. (1994). Emotional concerns and treatment of male partners of female sexual abuse survivors. Social Work, 39(6), 669–676. doi:10.1093/sw/39.6.66 doi:10.1093/sw/39.6.669
  • Classen, C., Butler, L. D., & Spiegel, D. (2001). A treatment manual for present-focused and trauma-focused group therapies for sexual abuse survivors at risk for HIV infection. (January). Retrieved from http://stressandhealth.stanford.edu.libproxy.unh.edu/pdfs/TraumaHIVManual.pdf
  • Colangelo, J. J., & Keefe-Cooperman, K. (2012). Understanding the impact of childhood sexual abuse on women’s sexuality. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 34(1), 14–37. doi:10.17744/mehc.34.1.e045658226542730
  • Collins, N. L., & Read, S. J. (1990). Adult attachment, working models, and relationship quality in dating couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(4), 644–663. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.58.4.644
  • Costa, R. M., & Brody, S. (2011). Anxious and avoidant attachment, vibrator use, anal sex, and impaired vaginal orgasm. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 8(9), 2493–2500. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02332.x
  • Easton, S. D., Coohey, C., O’Leary, P., Zhang, Y., & Hua, L. (2011). The effect of childhood sexual abuse on psychosexual functioning during adulthood. Journal of Family Violence, 26(1), 41–50. doi:10.1007/s10896-010-9340-6
  • Ein-Dor, T. (2015). Attachment dispositions and human defensive behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, (81), 112–116. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.09.033
  • Ensink, K., Borelli, J. L., Normandin, L., Target, M., Fonagy, P. & Borelli, J. L. (2020). Childhood sexual abuse and attachment insecurity: Associations with child psychological difficulties. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 90(1), 115–124. doi:10.1037/ort0000407
  • Environment, F., Competencies, S., Mallinckrodt, B., Mccreary, B. A., & Robertson, A. K. (1995). Co-occurrence of eating disorders and incest: The role of attachment, family environment, and social competencies. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 42(2), 178–186. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.42.2.178
  • Feiring, C., Simon, V. A., & Cleland, C. M. (2009). Childhood sexual abuse, stigmatization, internalizing symptoms, and the development of sexual difficulties and dating aggression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(1), 127–137. doi:10.1037/a0013475
  • Feiring, C., Taska, L., & Lewis, M. (1996). A process model for understanding adaptation to sexual abuse: The role of shame in defining stigmatization. Child Abuse & Neglect, 20(8), 767–782. doi:10.1016/0145-2134(96)00064-6
  • Finkelhor, D. (1987). The trauma of child sexual abuse: Two models. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 2(4), 348–366. doi:10.1177/088626058700200402
  • Finkelhor, D., & Browne, A. (1985). The traumatic impact of child sexual abuse: A Conceptualization. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 55(4), 530–541. doi:proxy1.athensams.net/10.1111/j.1939-0025.1985.tb02703.x doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1985.tb02703.x
  • Gewirtz-Meydan, A., & Finkelhor, D. (2020). Sexual abuse and assault in a large national sample of children and adolescents. Child Maltreatment, 25(2), 203–214. doi:10.1177/1077559519873975
  • Gewirtz-Meydan, A., & Finzi-Dottan, R. (2018). Sexual satisfaction among couples: The role of attachment orientation and sexual motives. The Journal of Sex Research, 55(2), 178–190. doi:10.1080/00224499.2016.1276880
  • Gewirtz-Meydan, A., & Lahav, Y. (2020). Sexual functioning among childhood sexual abuse survivors from an attachment perspective. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 17(7), 1370–1382. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.03.014
  • Godbout, N., & Dutton, D. G. (2009). Early exposure to violence, domestic violence, attachment representations, and marital adjustment. Personal Relationships, 16, 365–384. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2009.01228.x
  • Granot, M., Yovell, Y., Somer, E., Beny, A., Sadger, R., Uliel-Mirkin, R., & Zisman-Ilani, Y. (2018). Trauma, attachment style, and somatization: A study of women with dyspareunia and women survivors of sexual abuse. BMC Womens Health, 18(1), 29–34. doi:10.1186/s12905-018-0523-2
  • Hansen, N. B., Brown, L. J., Tsatkin, E., Zelgowski, B., & Nightingale, V. (2012). Dissociative experiences during sexual behavior among a sample of adults living with HIV infection and a history of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Trauma Dissociation, 13(3), 345–360. doi:10.1080/15299732.2011.641710
  • Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(3), 511–524. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511
  • Herman, J. (1981). Father–daughter incest. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Hooghe, D. D. (2017). Seeing the unseen: Early attachment trauma and the impact on child’s development. Journal of Child and Adolescent Behaviour, 5(1), 4–7. doi:10.4172/2375-4494.1000326
  • Hughes, M. M. (1994). Using the couple relationship to address childhood sexual abuse. The Family Journal, 2(2), 114–121. doi:10.1177/1066480794022004
  • Ishak, W. W., & Tobia, G. (2013). DSM-5 changes in diagnostic criteria of sexual dysfunctions. Reproductive System & Sexual Disorders, 2(2), 122. doi:10.4172/2161-038X.1000122
  • Isobel, S., Goodyear, M., & Foster, K. (2019). Psychological trauma in the context of familial relationships: A concept analysis. Trauma Violence Abuse, 20(4), 549–559. doi:10.1177/1524838017726424
  • Karakurt, G., & Silver, K. E. (2014). Therapy for childhood sexual abuse survivors using attachment and family systems theory orientations. American Journal of Familial Therapy, 42(1), 79–91. doi:10.1080/01926187.2013.772872
  • Kennedy, A. C., & Prock, K. A. (2018). “I still feel like I am not normal”: A review of the role of stigma and stigmatization among female survivors of child sexual abuse, sexual assault, and intimate partner Violence. Trauma Violence Abuse, 19(5), 512–527. doi:10.1177/1524838016673601
  • Kilimnik, C. D., & Meston, C. M. (2020). Sexual shame in the sexual excitation and inhibition propensities of men with and without nonconsensual sexual experiences. Journal of Sex Research, 1–12. doi:10.1080/00224499.2020.1718585
  • Kinzl, J. F., Mangweth, B., Traweger, C., & Biebl, W. (1996). Sexual dysfunction in males: Significance of adverse childhood experiences. Child Abuse & Neglect, 20(8), 759–766. doi:10.1016/0145-2134(96)00063-4
  • Kratzer, L., Heinz, P., Schennach, R., Knefel, M., Schiepek, G., Biedermann, S. V., & Büttner, M. (2020). Sexual symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder following childhood sexual abuse: A network analysis. Psychological Medicine, 1–12. doi:10.1017/S0033291720001750
  • Kristensen, E., & Lau, M. (2011). Sexual function in women with a history of intrafamilial childhood sexual abuse. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 26(3), 229–241. doi:10.1080/14681994.2011.622264
  • Kwako, L., Noll, J. G., Putnam, F. W., & Trickett, P. K. (2010). Childhood sexual abuse and attachment: An intergenerational perspective. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 15(3), 407–422. doi:10.1177/1359104510367590.Childhood doi:10.1177/1359104510367590
  • Labadie, C., Godbout, N., Vaillancourt-Morel, M. P., & Sabourin, S. (2018). Adult profiles of child sexual abuse survivors: Attachment insecurity, sexual compulsivity, and sexual avoidance. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 44(4), 354–369. doi:10.1080/0092623X.2017.1405302
  • Laumann, E. O., Paik, A., & Rosen, R. C. (1999). Sexual dysfunction in the United States. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 281(6), 537–544. doi:10.1001/jama.282.13.1229-a doi:10.1001/jama.281.6.537
  • Leclerc, B., Bergeron, S., Brassard, A., Bélanger, C., Steben, M., & Lambert, B. (2014). Attachment, sexual assertiveness, and sexual outcomes in women with provoked vestibulodynia and their partners: A mediation model. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44(6), 1561–1572. doi:10.1007/s10508-014-0295-1
  • Leonard, L. M., & Follette, V. M. (2002). Sexual functioning in women reporting a history of child sexual. Annual Review of Sex Research, 13(1), 346–388. doi:10.1080/10532528.2002.10559809
  • Little, R. (1999). The shame loop: A method for working with couples. Transactional Analysis Journal, 29(2), 141–148. doi:10.1177/036215379902900209
  • Lorenz, T. K., Harte, C. B., & Meston, C. M. (2015). Changes in autonomic nervous system activity are associated with changes in sexual function in women with a history of childhood sexual abuse. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 12(7), 1545–1554. doi:10.1111/jsm.12908
  • MacIntosh, H., Fletcher, K., & Collin-Vézina, D. (2016). “I was like damaged, used goods”: Thematic analysis of disclosures of childhood sexual abuse to romantic partners. Marriage & Family Review, 52(6), 598–611. doi:10.1080/01494929.2016.1157117
  • MacIntosh, H., Vaillancourt-Morel, M.-P., & Bergeron, S. (2020). Sex and couple therapy with survivors of childhood trauma. In K. Hall & Y. M. Binik (Eds.), Principles and practice of sex therapy (pp. 371–394). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Maltz, W. (1988). Identifying and treating the sexual repercussions of incest: A couples therapy approach. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 14(2), 142–170. doi:10.1080/00926238808403914
  • Maltz, W. (2002). Treating the sexual intimacy concerns of sexual abuse survivors. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 17(4), 321–327. doi:10.1080/1468199021000017173
  • Masters, W. H., & Johnson, V. E. (1970). Human sexual inadequacy. New York, NY: Bantam Books.
  • McCarthy, B. W. (1990). Treating sexual dysfunction associated with prior sexual trauma. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 16(3), 142–146. doi:10.1080/00926239008405260
  • McElvaney, R. (2015). Disclosure of child sexual abuse: Delays, non-disclosure and partial disclosure. What the research tells us and implications for practice. Child Abuse Review, 24(3), 159–169. doi:10.1002/car.2280
  • Mckenzie, K., & Botts, T. (2018). Evaluating shame; A comparative look at sexual and physical abuse. Kentucky Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship, 2(1), 73–83. Retrieved from https://encompass.eku.edu/kjus
  • Meston, C. M., & Heiman, J. R. (2000). Sexual abuse and sexual function: An examination of sexually relevant cognitive processes. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(3), 399–406. doi:10.1037//0022-006X.68.3.399
  • Meston, C. M., Rellini, A. H., & Heiman, J. R. (2006). Women’s history of sexual abuse, their sexuality, and sexual self-schemas. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(2), 229–236. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.74.2.229
  • Mikulincer, M. (2004). Attachment working models and the sense of trust: An exploration of interaction goals and affect regulation. Close Relationships: Key Readings, 5, 215–235. doi:10.4324/9780203311851
  • Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2007). Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Mullen, P. E., Martin, J. L., Anderson, J. C., Romans, S. E., & Herbison, G. P. (1996). The long-term impact of the physical, emotional, and sexual abuse of children: A community study. Child Abuse and Neglect, 20(1), 7–21. doi:10.1016/0145-2134(95)00112-3
  • Murphy, S., Elklit, A., Murphy, J., Hyland, P., & Shevlin, M. (2017). A cross-lagged panel study of dissociation and posttraumatic stress in a treatment-seeking sample of survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 73(10), 1370–1381. doi:10.1002/jclp.22439
  • Najman, J. M., Dunne, M. P., Purdie, D. M., Boyle, F. M., & Coxeter, P. D. (2005). Sexual abuse in childhood and sexual dysfunction in adulthood: An Australian population-based study. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 34(5), 517–526. doi:10.1007/s10508-005-6277-6
  • Niehaus, A. F., Jackson, J., & Davies, S. (2010). Sexual self-schemas of female child sexual abuse survivors: Relationships with risky sexual behavior and sexual assault in adolescence. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39(6), 1359–1374. doi:10.1007/s10508-010-9600-9
  • Noll, J. G., Trickett, P. K., & Putnam, F. W. (2003). A prospective investigation of the impact of childhood sexual abuse on the development of sexuality. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2003, 71(3), 575–586. doi:10.1037/0022-006x.71.3.575
  • O’Driscoll, C., & Flanagan, E. (2016). Sexual problems and post-traumatic stress disorder following sexual trauma: A meta-analytic review. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, 89(3), 351–367. doi:10.1111/papt.12077
  • O’Loughlin, J. I., Rellini, A. H., & Brotto, L. A. (2019). How does childhood trauma impact women’s sexual desire? Role of depression, stress, and cortisol. Journal of Sex Research, 1–12. doi:10.1080/00224499.2019.1693490
  • Perry, B. D. (1999). Memories of fear. Retrieved from www.ChildTrauma.org
  • Pulverman, C. S., Boyd, R. L., Stanton, A. M., & Meston, C. M. (2017). Changes in the sexual self-schema of women with a history of childhood sexual abuse following expressive writing treatment. Psychological Trauma, 9(2), 181–188. doi:10.1037/tra0000163
  • Pulverman, C. S., Kilimnik, C. D., & Meston, C. M. (2018). The impact of childhood sexual abuse on Women’s sexual health: A comprehensive review. Sexual Medicine Reviews, 6(2), 188–200. doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.12.002
  • Pulverman, C. S., & Meston, C. M. (2020). Sexual dysfunction in women with a history of childhood sexual abuse: The role of sexual shame. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12(3), 291-299 doi:10.1037/tra0000506
  • Purcell-Lévesque, C., Brassard, A., Carranza-Mamane, B., & Péloquin, K. (2019). Attachment and sexual functioning in women and men seeking fertility treatment. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, 40(3), 202–210. doi:10.1080/0167482X.2018.1471462
  • Reid, K. S., Wampler, R. S., & Taylor, D. K. (1996). The “alienated” partner: Responses to traditional therapies for adult sex abuse survivors. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 22(4), 443–453. doi:10.1111/j.1752-0606.1996.tb00219.x
  • Rellini, A. (2008). Review of the empirical evidence for a theoretical model to understand the sexual problems of Women with a history of CSA. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 5(1), 31–46. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00652.x
  • Rellini, A., & Meston, C. (2007). Sexual function and satisfaction in adults based on the definition of child sexual abuse. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 4(5), 1312–1321. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00573.x
  • Rellini, A. H., & Meston, C. M. (2010). Sexual self-schemas, sexual dysfunction, and the sexual responses of women with a history of childhood sexual abuse. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40(2), 351–362. doi:10.1007/s10508-010-9694-0
  • Rellini, A. H., Ing, A. D., & Meston, C. M. (2011). Implicit and explicit cognitive sexual processes in survivors of childhood sexual abuse. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 8(11), 3098–3107. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02356.x
  • Roche, D. N., Runtz, M. G., & Hunter, M. A. (1999). Adult attachment: A mediator between child sexual abuse and later psychological adjustment. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 14(2), 184–207. doi:10.1177/088626099014002006
  • Roller, C., Martsolf, D. S., Draucker, C. B., & Ross, R. (2009). The sexuality of childhood sexual abuse survivors. International Journal of Sexual Health, 21(1), 46–60. doi:10.1080/19317610802661870
  • Sarwer, D. B., & Durlak, J. A. (1996). Childhood sexual abuse as a predictor of adult female sexual dysfunction: A study of couples seeking sex therapy. Child Abuse & Neglect, 20(10), 963–972. doi:10.1016/0145-2134(96)00085-3
  • Schloredt, K. A., & Heiman, J. R. J. (2003). Perceptions of sexuality as related to sexual functioning and sexual risk in women with different types of childhood abuse histories. Journal of Trauma Stress, 16(3), 275–284. doi:10.1023/A:1023752225535
  • Seehuus, M., Clifton, J., & Rellini, A. H. (2015). The role of family environment and multiple forms of childhood abuse in the shaping of sexual function and satisfaction in women. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44(6), 1595–1608. doi:10.1007/s10508-014-0364-5
  • Siegel, D. J. (2001). Toward an interpersonal neurobiology of the developing mind: Attachment relationships, “mindsight,” and neural integration. Infant Mental Health Journal, 22(1–2), 67–94. doi:10.1002/1097-0355(200101/04)22:1 < 67::AID-IMHJ3 > 3.0.CO;2-G doi:10.1002/1097-0355(200101/04)22:1<67::AID-IMHJ3>3.0.CO;2-G
  • Staples, J., Rellini, A. H., & Roberts, S. P. (2012). Avoiding experiences: Sexual dysfunction in women with a history of sexual abuse in childhood and adolescence. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(2), 341–350. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9773-x
  • Steel, J. L., & Herlitz, C. A. (2007). Risk of sexual dysfunction in a randomly selected nonclinical sample of the Swedish population. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 109(3), 663–668. doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000253240.41239.00
  • Stefanou, C., & McCabe, M. P. (2012). Adult attachment and sexual functioning: A review of past research. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 9(10), 2499–2507. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2012.02843.x
  • Swanson, B., & Mallinckrodt, B. (2001). Family environment, love withdrawal, childhood sexual abuse, and adult attachment. Psychotherapy Research, 11(4), 455–472. doi:10.1080/713664062
  • Van Bruggen, L. K., Runtz, M. G., & Kadlec, H. (2006). Sexual revictimization: The role of sexual self-esteem and dysfunctional sexual behaviors. Child Maltreatment, 11(2), 131–145. doi:10.1177/1077559505285780
  • Van Delft, I., Finkenauer, C., Clasien de Schipper, J., Lamers-Winkelman, F., & Visser, M. M. (2015). The mediating role of secrecy in the development of psychopathology in sexually abused children. Child Abuse and Neglect, 46(80), 27–36. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.04.019
  • Wenninger, K., & Heiman, J. R. (1998). Relating body image to psychological and sexual functioning in child sexual abuse survivors. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 11(3), 543–562. doi:10.1023/A:1024408830159
  • World Health Organization. (1999). Report of the consultation on child abuse prevention, 29-31 March. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/65900%0A
  • Yehuda, R., Lehrner, A., & Rosenbaum, T. Y. (2015). PTSD and sexual dysfunction in men and women. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 12(5), 1107–1119. doi:10.1111/jsm.12856
  • Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S., & Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema Therapy: A Practitioner’s Guide. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Zollman, G., Rellini, A., & Desrocher, D. (2013). The mediating effect of daily stress on the sexual arousal function of women with a history of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 39, 176–192. doi:10.1080/0092623X.2012.691950

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.