193
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Patterns of Sexting by Youths: A Latent Class Analysis

References

  • Ajzen I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
  • Bakk, Z., & Kuha, J. (2021). Relating latent class membership to external variables: An overview. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 74(2), 340–362. doi:10.1111/bmsp.12227
  • Barrense-Dias, Y., Chok, L., Stadelmann, S., Berchtold, A., & Suris, J. C. (2022). Sending one’s own intimate image: Sexting among middle-school teens. Journal of School Health, 92(4), 353–360. doi:10.1111/josh.13137
  • Barroso, R., Marinho, A. R., Figueiredo, P., Ramião, E., & Silva, A. S. (2023). Consensual and non-consensual sexting behaviors in adolescence: A systematic review. Adolescent research review, 8(1), 1–20. doi:10.1007/s40894-022-00199-0
  • Baumgartner, S. E., Sumter, S. R., Peter, J., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2012). Identifying teens at risk: Developmental pathways of online and offline sexual risk behavior. Pediatrics, 130(6), e1489–e1496. doi:10.1542/peds.2012-0842
  • Baumgartner, S. E., Sumter, S. R., Peter, J., Valkenburg, P. M., & Livingstone, S. (2014). Does country context matter? Investigating the predictors of teen sexting across Europe. Computers in Human Behavior, 34, 157–164. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.01.041
  • Benotsch, E. G., Snipes, D. J., Martin, A. M., & Bull, S. S. (2013). Sexting, substance use, and sexual risk behavior in young adults. Journal of Adolescent Health, 52(3), 307–313. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.06.011
  • Bianchi, D., Baiocco, R., Lonigro, A., Pompili, S., Zammuto, M., Di Tata, D., Morelli, M., Chirumbolo, A., Di Norcia, A., Cannoni, E., Longobardi, E., & Laghi, F. (2023). Love in quarantine: Sexting, stress, and coping during the COVID-19 lockdown. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 20, 465–478. doi:10.1007/s13178-021-00645-z
  • Bolck, A., Croon, M., & Hagenaars, J. (2004). Estimating latent structure models with categorical variables: One-step versus three-step estimators. Political analysis, 12(1), 3–27. doi:10.1093/pan/mph001
  • Bragard, E., & Fisher, C. B. (2022). Associations between sexting motivations and consequences among adolescent girls. Journal of Adolescence, 94(1), 5–18. doi:10.1002/jad.12000
  • Brinkley, D. Y., Ackerman, R. A., Ehrenreich, S. E., & Underwood, M. K. (2017). Sending and receiving text messages with sexual content: Relations with early sexual activity and borderline personality features in late adolescence. Computers in Human Behavior, 70, 119–130. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.12.082
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. USA: Harvard University Press.
  • Burén, J., Holmqvist Gattario, K., & Lunde, C. (2022). What do peers think about sexting? Adolescents’ views of the norms guiding sexting behavior. Journal of Adolescent Research, 37(2), 221–249. doi:10.1177/07435584211014837
  • Burén, J., & Lunde, C. (2018). Sexting among adolescents: A nuanced and gendered online challenge for young people. Computers in Human Behavior, 85, 210–217. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.003
  • Cialdini, R. B., & Trost, M. R. (1998). Social influence: Social norms, conformity and compliance. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (pp. 151–192). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Choi, H. J., Mori, C., Van Ouytsel, J., Madigan, S., & Temple, J. R. (2019). Adolescent sexting involvement over 4 years and associations with sexual activity. Journal of Adolescent Health, 65(6), 738–744. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.04.026
  • Cooper, K., Quayle, E., Jonsson, L., & Svedin, C. G. (2016). Adolescents and self-taken sexual images: A review of the literature. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 706–716. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.10.003
  • Corcoran, E., Doty, J., Wisniewski, P., & Gabrielli, J. (2022). Youth sexting and associations with parental media mediation. Computers in Human Behavior, 132, 107263. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2022.107263
  • Cuccì, G., Olivari, M. G., Colombo, C. C., & Confalonieri, E. (2024). Risk or fun? Adolescent attitude towards sexting and parental practices. Journal of Family Studies, 30(1), 22–43. doi:10.1080/13229400.2023.2189151
  • De Graaf, H., Verbeek, M., Van den Borne, M., & Meijer, S. (2018). Offline and online sexual risk behavior among youth in the Netherlands: Findings from “sex under the age of 25.” Frontiers in Public Health, 6. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2018.00072
  • Delevi, R., & Weisskirch, R. S. (2013). Personality factors as predictors of sexting. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(6), 2589–2594. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.06.003
  • Del Rey, R., Ojeda, M., Casas, J. A., Mora-Merchán, J. A., & Elipe, P. (2019). Sexting among adolescents: The emotional impact and influence of the need for popularity. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1828. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01828
  • Dir, A. L., Coskunpinar, A., Steiner, J. L., & Cyders, M. A. (2013). Understanding differences in sexting behaviors across gender, relationship status, and sexual identity, and the role of expectancies in sexting. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 16(8), 568–574. doi:10.1089/cyber.2012.0545
  • Dodaj, A., Sesar, K., Pérez, M. O., Del Rey, R., Howard, D., & Gerding Speno, A. (2023). Using vignettes in qualitative research to assess young adults’ perspectives of sexting behaviours. Human Technology, 19(1), 103–120. doi:10.14254/1795-6889.2023.19-1.7
  • Dolev-Cohen, M. (2023). The association between sexting motives and behavior as a function of parental and peers’ role. Computers in Human Behavior, 147, 107861. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2023.107861
  • Dolev-Cohen, M., & Ricon, T. (2020). Demystifying sexting: Adolescent sexting and its associations with parenting styles and sense of parental social control in Israel. Cyberpsychology, 14(1), Article 6. doi:10.5817/CP2020-1-6
  • Dolev-Cohen, M., & Ricon, T. (2022). Talking about sexting: Association between parental factors and quality of communication about sexting with adolescent children in Jewish and Arab Society in Israel. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 48(5), 429–443. doi:10.1080/0092623X.2021.2002489
  • Dolev-Cohen, M., & Ricon, T. (2022a). Dysfunctional parent-child communication about sexting during adolescence. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 51, 1689–1702. doi:10.1007/s10508-022-02286-8
  • Dolev-Cohen, M., & Ricon, T. (2022b). The associations between parents’ technoference, their problematic use of digital technology, and the psychological state of their children. Psychology of Popular Media, 13(2), 171–179. doi:10.1037/ppm0000444
  • Dolev-Cohen, M., Nezer, I., & Zumt, A. A. (2022). A qualitative examination of school counselors’ experiences of sextortion cases of female students in Israel. Sexual Abuse, 35(8), 903–926. doi:10.1177/10790632221145925
  • Drouin, M., Coupe, M., & Temple, J. R. (2017). Is sexting good for your relationship? It depends Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 749–756. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.06.018
  • Englander, E. (2019). What Do We Know About Sexting, and When Did We Know It? Journal of Adolescent Health, 65(5), 577–578. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.08.004
  • Foody, M., Kuldas, S., Sargioti, A., Mazzone, A., & O’Higgins Norman, J. (2023). Sexting behaviour among adolescents: Do friendship quality and social competence matter? Computers in Human Behavior, 142, 107651. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2023.107651
  • Gregg, D., Somers, C. L., Pernice, F. M., Hillman, S. B., & Kernsmith, P. (2018). Sexting Rates and Predictors From an Urban Midwest High School. Journal of School Health, 88(6), 423–433. doi:10.1111/josh.12628
  • Hall, M., Williams, R. D., Ford, M. A., Cromeans, E. M., & Bergman, R. J. (2020). Hooking-up, religiosity, and sexting among college students. Journal of Religion and Health, 59(1), 484–496. doi:10.1007/s10943-016-0291-y
  • Henry, N., & Flynn, A. (2019). Image-based sexual abuse: Online distribution channels and illicit communities of support. Violence Against Women, 25(16), 1932–1955. doi:10.1177/1077801219863881
  • Hollá, K. (2020). Sexting types and motives detected among Slovak adolescents. European Journal of Mental Health, 15(2), 75–92. doi:10.5708/EJMH.15.2020.2.1
  • Huntington, C., & Rhoades, G. (2021). Associations of sexting with dating partners with adolescents’ romantic relationship behaviors and attitudes. Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 38(4), 780–795. doi:10.1080/14681994.2021.1931096
  • Klettke, B., Hallford, D. J., & Mellor, D. J. (2014). Sexting prevalence and correlates: A systematic literature review. Clinical Psychology Review, 34(1), 44–53. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2013.10.007
  • Klettke, B., Hallford, D. J., Clancy, E., Mellor, D. J., & Toumbourou, J. W. (2019). Sexting and psychological distress: The role of unwanted and coerced sexts. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 22(4), 237–242. doi:10.1089/cyber.2018.0291
  • Lavee, Y., & Katz, R. (2003). The family in Israel. Marriage & Family Review, 35(1–2), 193–217. doi:10.1300/J002v35n01_11
  • Lebedíková, M., Olveira-Araujo, R., Mýlek, V., Smahel, D., & Dedkova, L. (2024). The reciprocal relationship between consensual sexting and peer support among adolescents: A three-wave longitudinal study. Computers in Human Behavior, 152, 108048. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2023.108048
  • Lee, M., & Crofts, T. (2015). Gender, pressure, coercion and pleasure: Untangling motivations for sexting between young people. British Journal of Criminology, 55(3), 454–473. doi:10.1093/bjc/azu075
  • Lenhart, A. (2009). Teens and sexting. Pew Internet & American Life Project. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/files/old-media//Files/Reports/2009/PIP_Teens_and_Sexting.pdf
  • Lippman, J. R., & Campbell, S. W. (2014). Damned if you do, damned if you don’t…if you’re a girl: Relational and normative contexts of adolescent sexting in the United States. Journal of Children and Media, 8(4), 371–386. doi:10.1080/17482798.2014.923009
  • Liong, M., & Cheng, G. H. L. (2017). Sext and gender: Examining gender effects on sexting based on the theory of planned behaviour. Behaviour & Information Technology, 36(7), 726–736. doi:10.1080/0144929X.2016.1276965
  • Lunde, C., & Joleby, M. (2023). Being under pressure to sext: Adolescents’ experiences, reactions, and counter-strategies. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 33(1), 188–201. doi:10.1111/jora.12797
  • Maas, M. K., Bray, B. C., & Noll, J. G. (2019). Online sexual experiences predict subsequent sexual health and victimization outcomes among female adolescents: A latent class analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48(5), 837–849. doi:10.1007/s10964-019-00995-3
  • Madigan, S., Ly, A., Rash, C. L., Van Ouytsel, J., & Temple, J. R. (2018). Prevalence of multiple forms of sexting behavior among youth. JAMA Pediatrics, 172(4), 327. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.5314
  • Maheux, A. J., Evans, R., Widman, L., Nesi, J., Prinstein, M. J., & Choukas-Bradley, S. (2020). Popular peer norms and adolescent sexting behavior. Journal of Adolescence, 78(1), 62–66. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.12.002
  • Masyn, K. E. (2017). Measurement invariance and differential item functioning in latent class analysis with stepwise multiple indicator multiple cause modeling. Structural Equation Modeling, 24(2), 180–197.
  • McGlynn, C., Rackley, E., & Houghton, R. (2017). Beyond ‘revenge porn’: The continuum of image-based sexual abuse. Feminist Legal Studies, 25(1), 25–46. doi:10.1007/s10691-017-9343-2
  • Molla-Esparza, C., Nájera, P., López-González, E., & Losilla, J.-M. (2023). Sexting behavior predictors vary with addressee and the explicitness of the sexts. Youth & Society, 55(4), 749–771. doi:10.1177/0044118X231158138
  • Morelli, M., Bianchi, D., Baiocco, R., Pezzuti, L., & Chirumbolo, A. (2016). Sexting, psychological distress and dating violence among adolescents and young adults. Psicothema, 28(2), 137–142. doi:10.7334/psicothema2015.193
  • Morgan, G. B. (2015). Mixed mode latent class analysis: An examination of fit index performance for classification. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 22(1), 76–86. doi:10.1080/10705511.2014.935751
  • Mori, C., Temple, J. R., Browne, D., & Madigan, S. (2019). Association of sexting with sexual behaviors and mental health among adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatrics, 173(8), 770–779. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.1658
  • Mori, C., Park, J., Temple, J. R., & Madigan, S. (2022). Are youth sexting rates still on the rise? A meta-analytic update. Journal of Adolescent Health, 70(4), 531–539. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.10.026
  • Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. (2017). Mplus user’s guide (8th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
  • Nagin, D. S., & Nagin, D. (2005). Group-based modeling of development. London, England: Harvard University Press.
  • Nylund, K. L., Asparouhov, T., & Muthén, B. O. (2007). Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14(4), 535–569. doi:10.1080/10705510701575396
  • Nylund-Gibson, K., & Choi, A. Y. (2018). Ten frequently asked questions about latent class analysis. Translational Issues in Psychological Science, 4(4), 440. doi:10.1037/tps0000176
  • Ojeda, M., & Del Rey, R. (2022). Lines of action for sexting prevention and intervention: A systematic review. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 51(3), 1659–1687. doi:10.1007/s10508-021-02089-3
  • Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2020). Sextortion among adolescents: Results from a National Survey of U.S. youth. Sexual Abuse, 32(1), 30–54. doi:10.1177/1079063218800469
  • Phippen, A., & Bond, E. (2023). Policing teen sexting: Supporting children’s rights while applying the law. Switzerland: Springer Nature.
  • Reed, L. A., Boyer, M. P., Meskunas, H., Tolman, R. M., & Ward, L. M. (2020). How do adolescents experience sexting in dating relationships? Motivations to sext and responses to sexting requests from dating partners. Children and Youth Services Review, 109, 104696. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104696
  • Sasson, H., & Mesch, G. (2014). Parental mediation, peer norms and risky online behavior among adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 33, 32–38. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.12.025
  • Setty, E. (2020). ‘Confident’ and ‘hot’ or ‘desperate’ and ‘cowardly’? Meanings of young men’s sexting practices in youth sexting culture. Journal of Youth Studies, 23(5), 561–577. doi:10.1080/13676261.2019.1635681
  • Soriano-Ayala, E., C. Cala, V., & Dalouh, R. (2020). Adolescent profiles according to their beliefs and affinity to sexting. A cluster study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3), 1087. doi:10.3390/ijerph17031087
  • Strassberg, D. S., Cann, D., & Velarde, V. (2017). Sexting by high school students. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46(6), 1667–1672. doi:10.1007/s10508-016-0926-9
  • Suler, J. (2004). The online disinhibition effect. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 7(3), 321–326. doi:10.1089/1094931041291295
  • Tomić, I., Burić, J., & Štulhofer, A. (2018). Associations between croatian adolescents’ use of sexually explicit material and sexual behavior: Does parental monitoring play a role? Archives of Sexual Behavior, 47(6), 1881–1893. doi:10.1007/s10508-017-1097-z
  • vanden Abeele, M., Campbell, S. W., Eggermont, S., & Roe, K. (2014). Sexting, mobile porn use, and peer group dynamics: boys’ and girls’ self-perceived popularity, need for popularity, and perceived peer pressure. Media Psychology, 17(1), 6–33. doi:10.1080/15213269.2013.801725
  • Vanwesenbeeck, I., Ponnet, K., Walrave, M., & Van Ouytsel, J. (2018). Parents’ Role in Adolescents’ Sexting Behaviour. In Sexting (pp. 63–80). Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-71882-8_5
  • Van Oosten, J. M., & Vandenbosch, L. (2017). Sexy online self-presentation on social network sites and the willingness to engage in sexting: A comparison of gender and age. Journal of Adolescence, 54, 42–50. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.11.006
  • Van Ouytsel, J., Van Gool, E., Walrave, M., Ponnet, K., & Peeters, E. (2017). Sexting: Adolescents’ perceptions of the applications used for, motives for, and consequences of sexting. Journal of Youth Studies, 20(4), 446–470. doi:10.1080/13676261.2016.1241865
  • Vermunt, J. K. (2010). Latent class modeling with covariates: Two improved three-step approaches. Political analysis, 18(4), 450–469. doi:10.1093/pan/mpq025
  • Walrave, M., Heirman, W., & Hallam, L. (2014). Under pressure to sext? Applying the theory of planned behaviour to adolescent sexting. Behaviour & Information Technology, 33(1), 86–98. doi:10.1080/0144929X.2013.837099
  • Walrave, M., Ponnet, K., van Ouytsel, J., van Gool, E., Heirman, W., & Verbeek, A. (2015). Whether or not to engage in sexting: Explaining adolescent sexting behaviour by applying the prototype willingness model. Telematics and Informatics, 32(4), 796–808. doi:10.1016/j.tele.2015.03.008
  • Widman, L., Javidi, H., Maheux, A. J., Evans, R., Nesi, J., & Choukas-Bradley, S. (2021). Sexual communication in the digital age: Adolescent sexual communication with parents and friends about sexting, pornography, and starting relationships online. Sexuality & Culture, 25(6), 2092–2109. doi:10.1007/s12119-021-09866-1
  • Xiao, C., & McCright, A. M. (2017). Gender differences in environmental concern: Sociological explanations. In Routledge handbook of gender and environment (pp. 169–185). London, England: Routledge.
  • Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2014). “Sexting” and its relation to sexual activity and sexual risk behavior in a national survey of adolescents. Journal of adolescent health, 55(6), 757–764. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.07.012
  • Yépez-Tito, P., Ferragut, M., & Blanca, M. J. (2019). Prevalence and profile of sexting among adolescents in Ecuador. Journal of Youth Studies, 22(4), 505–519. doi:10.1080/13676261.2018.1515475
  • York, L., MacKenzie, A., & Purdy, N. (2021). Attitudes to sexting amongst post-primary pupils in northern Ireland: A liberal feminist approach. Gender and Education, 33(8), 999–1016. doi:10.1080/09540253.2021.1884196
  • Zilberman, N., Yadid, G., Efrati, Y., Neumark, Y., & Rassovsky, Y. (2018). Personality profiles of substance and behavioral addictions. Addictive behaviors, 82, 174–181. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.03.007