Tropical Foodways and Exchange along the Coastal Margin of Northeastern New Guinea

References

• Allen, J. 1977. “Fishing for Wallabies: Trade as a Mechanism for Social Interaction, Integration and Elaboration on the Central Papuan Coast.” In The Evolution of Social Systems, edited by M. Rowlands, and J. Friedman, 419–55. London: Duckworth.
   Google Scholar
• Allen, J. 1985. “Comments on Complexity and Trade: A View from Melanesia.” Archaeology in Oceania 20: 49–57. doi: 10.1002/j.1834-4453.1985.tb00102.x
   Google Scholar
• Allen, M. S. 2015. “Dietary Opportunities and Constraints on Islands: A Multi-Proxy Approach to Diet in the Southern Cook Islands.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of Diet, edited by J. Lee Throp, and M. A. Katzenberg, 1–31. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ambrose, W. R. 1978. “The Loneliness of the Long Distance Trader in Melanesia.” The Australian Journal of Anthropology 11 (3): 326–323. doi: 10.1111/j.1835-9310.1978.tb00663.x
   Google Scholar
• Barton, H., R. Torrence, and R. Fullagar. 1998. “Clues to Stone Tool Function Re-Examined: Comparing Starch Grain Frequencies on Used and Unused Obsidian Artefacts.” Journal of Archaeological Science 25: 1231–1238. doi: 10.1006/jasc.1998.0300
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berman, M. J., and D. M. Pearsall. 2020. “Crop Dispersal and Lucayan Tool Use: Investigating the Creation of Transported Landscapes in the Central Bahamas Through Starch Grain, Phytolith, Macrobotanical and Artifact Studies.” Journal of Field Archaeology 45 (5): 355–371. DOI:10.1080/00934690.2020.1740958.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borck, L., B. J. Mills, M. A. Peeples, and J. J. Clark. 2015. “Are Social Networks Survival Networks? An Example from the Late Pre-Hispanic US Southwest.” Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 22 (1): 33–57. doi: 10.1007/s10816-014-9236-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourke, M. R. 2010. “Altitudinal Limits of 230 Economic Crop Species in Papua New Guinea.” In Altered Ecologies: Fires, Climate, and Human Influence on Terrestrial Landscapes. Terra Australis 32, edited by S. Haberle, J. Stevenson, and M. Prebble, 473–512. Canberra: ANU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Carpenter, K. E., and V. H. Niem. 1998. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 1 Seaweeds, Corals, Bivalves, and Gastropods. Rome: FAO Library.
   Google Scholar
• Ciofalo, A. J., W. F. Keegan, M. P. Pateman, J. R. Pagán-Jiménez, and C. L. Hofman. 2018. “Determining Precolonial Botanical Foodways: Starch Recovery and Analysis, Long Island, The Bahamas.” Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 21: 305–317. doi: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.07.022
   Google Scholar
• Coster, A. C. F., and J. H. Field. 2015. “What Starch Grain is That? - A Geometric Morphometric Approach to Determining Plant Species Origin.” Journal of Archaeological Science 58: 9–25. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2015.03.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coster, A. C. F., and J. H. Field. 2018. “The Shape of Things to Come—Using Geometric and Morphometric Analyses to Identify Archaeological Starch Grains.” In Agriculture as a Metaphor for Creativity in All Human Endeavors, edited by R. S. Anderssen, P. Broadbrdge, Y. Fukumoto, K. Kajiwara, M. Simpson, and I. Turner, 1–6. Singapore: Springer Nature.
   Google Scholar
• Crowther, A. 2005. “Starch Residues on Undecorated Lapita Pottery from Anir, New Ireland.” Archaeology in Oceania 40 (2): 62–66. doi: 10.1002/j.1834-4453.2005.tb00586.x
   Google Scholar
• Field, J., R. Cosgrove, R. Fullagar, and B. Lance. 2009. “Survival of Starch Residues on Grinding Stones in Private Collections: A Study of Morahs from the Tropical Rainforests of NE Queensland.” In Archaeological Science Under A Microscope: Papers in Honour of Tom Loy, Terra Australis 30, edited by M. Haslam, G. Robertson, A. Crowther, S. Nugent, and L. Kirkwood, 218–228. Canberra: ANU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Field, J. H., L. Kealhofer, R. Cosgrove, and A. C. Coster. 2016. “Human-environment Dynamics During the Holocene in the Australian Wet Tropics of NE Queensland: A Starch and Phytolith Study.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 44: 216–234. doi: 10.1016/j.jaa.2016.07.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finsch, O. 1888. Samoafahrten: Reisen in Kaiser Wilhelms-Land und Englisch-Neu-Guinea in Den Jahren 1884 u. 1885 an Bord des Deutschen Dampfers “Samoa” von Dr. Otto Finsch. Leipzig: Ferdinand Hirt & Sohn.
   Google Scholar
• Gaffney, D. 2016. “Materialising Ancestral Madang: Aspects of Pre-Colonial Production and Exchange on the Northeast Coast of New Guinea.” Unpublished MA thesis, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
   Google Scholar
• Gaffney, D. 2018. “Maintenance and Mutability Amongst Specialist Potters on the Northeast Coast of New Guinea.” Cambridge Archaeological Journal 28 (2): 181–204. doi: 10.1017/S0959774317000737
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaffney, D. 2019. “Technological Process in Pre-Colonial Melanesia.” In Archaeologies of Island Melanesia: Current Approaches to Landscapes, Exchange, and Practice. Terra Australis 51, edited by J. Flexner, and M. Leclerc, 191–209. Canberra: ANU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gaffney, D., and G. R. Summerhayes. 2017. An Archaeology of Madang. University of Otago Working Papers in Anthropology, 5. Dunedin: Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Otago.
   Google Scholar
• Gaffney, D., and G. R. Summerhayes. 2018. “Coastal Mobility and Lithic Supply Lines in Northeast New Guinea.” Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences 11: 2849–2878. (2019). doi: 10.1007/s12520-018-0713-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaffney, D., G. R. Summerhayes, M. Mennis, T. Beni, A. Cook, J. Field, G. Jacobsen, F. Allen, H. Buckley, and H. Mandui. 2018. “Archaeological Investigations into the Origins of Bel Trading Groups Around the Madang Coast, Northeast New Guinea.” Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 13 (4): 501–530. doi: 10.1080/15564894.2017.1315349
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerber, J., and E. M. Schechter. 2011. “Analysis and Interpretation of Invertebrate Remains.” Fieldiana Anthropology 42: 219–240. doi: 10.3158/0071-4739-42.1.219
   Google Scholar
• Harding, T. G. 1967. Voyagers of the Vitiaz Strait: A Study of a New Guinea Trade System. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
   Google Scholar
• Harding, T. G. 1994. “Precolonial New Guinea Trade.” Ethnology 33 (2): 101–125. doi: 10.2307/3773892
   Google Scholar
• Haslam, M. 2004. “The Decomposition of Starch Grains in Soils: Implications for Archaeological Residue Analyses.” Journal of Archaeological Science 31 (12): 1715–1734. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2004.05.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henry, A. G., H. F. Hudson, and D. R. Piperno. 2009. “Changes in Starch Grain Morphologies from Cooking.” Journal of Archaeological Science 36 (3): 915–922. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2008.11.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinton, A. G. 1972. Shells of New Guinea and the Central Indo-Pacific. Carnia, QLD: Robert Brown and Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Hogbin, H. I. 1947. “Native Trade Around the Huon Gulf, North-Eastern New Guinea.” The Journal of the Polynesian Society 56 (3): 242–255.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irwin, G. 1985.  The Emergence of Mailu: As a Central Place in Coastal Papuan Prehistory. Terra Australis 10. Canberra: Department of Prehistory, Research School of Pacific Studies, The Australian National University.
   Google Scholar
• Junker, L. L. 2018. “Conflictive Trade, Values, and Power Relations in Maritime Trading Polities of the Tenth to Sixteenth Centuries in the Philippines.” In Trade and Civilisation, edited by K. Kristiansen, T. Lindkvist, and J. Myrdal, 354–388. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Keegan, W. F. 1995. “Modeling Dispersal in the Prehistoric West Indies.” World Archaeology 26 (3): 400–420. doi: 10.1080/00438243.1995.9980284
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinaston, R. L., D. Anson, P. Petchey, R. Walter, K. Robb, and H. Buckley. 2015. “Lapita Diet and Subsistence Strategies on Watom Island, Papua New Guinea: New Stable Isotope Evidence from Humans and Animals.” American Journal of Physical Anthropology 157 (1): 30–41. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.22685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirch, P. V. 1984. “The Polynesian Outliers: Continuity, Change, and Replacement.” The Journal of Pacific History 19 (4): 224–238. doi: 10.1080/00223348408572496
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamb, J., and T. Loy. 2005. “Seeing Red: The Use of Congo Red Dye to Identify Cooked and Damaged Starch Grains in Archaeological Residues.” Journal of Archaeological Science 32 (10): 1433–1440. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2005.03.020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langejans, G. H. J. 2011. “Discerning Use-Related Micro-Residues on Tools: Testing the Multi-Stranded Approach for Archaeological Studies.” Journal of Archaeological Science 38 (5): 985–1000. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2010.11.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence, P. 1964. Road Belong Cargo: A Study of the Cargo Movement in the Southern Madang District, New Guinea. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lebot, V. 2009. Tropical Root and Tuber Crops: Cassava, Sweet Potato, Yams and Aroids. Oxford: CABI International.
   Google Scholar
• Leclerc, M., K. Taché, S. Bedford, M. Spriggs, A. Lucquin, and O. E. Craig. 2018. “The Use of Lapita Pottery: Results from the First Analysis of Lipid Residues.” Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 17: 712–722. doi: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2017.12.019
   Google Scholar
• Levin, M. J. 2017. “Archaeobotanical Approaches in the Study of Food Production in Remote Oceania.” Ethnobiology Letters 8 (1): 105–108. doi: 10.14237/ebl.8.1.2017.882
   Google Scholar
• Lilley, I. 1986. “Prehistoric Exchange in the Vitiaz Strait, Papua New Guinea.” Unpublished PhD thesis, Australian National University, Canberra.
   Google Scholar
• Lilley, I. 1988. “Prehistoric Exchange Across the Vitiaz Straight, Papua New Guinea.” Current Anthropology 29 (3): 513–516. doi: 10.1086/203669
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lilley, I. 2017. “Melanesian Maritime Middlemen and Pre-Colonial Glocalisation.” In Routledge Handbook of Archaeology and Globalisation, edited by T. Hodos, 335–353. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Mager, J. F. 1952. Gedaged-English Dictionary. Columbus, Ohio: Board of Foreign Missions of the American Lutheran Church.
   Google Scholar
• Mennis, M. R. 1980. “Oral Testimonies from Coastal Madang, Part 1.” Oral History, Institute of Papua New Guinea Studies 8: 10.
   Google Scholar
• Mennis, M. R. 1981a. “Oral Testimonies from Coastal Madang, Part 2.” Oral History, Institute of Papua New Guinea Studies 9 (1).
   Google Scholar
• Mennis, M. R. 1981b. “Oral Testimonies from Coastal Madang, Part 3.” Oral History, Institute of Papua New Guinea Studies 9 (2).
   Google Scholar
• Mennis, M. R. 2006. A Potted History of Madang: Traditional Culture and Change on the North Coast of New Guinea. Aspley, Australia: Lalong Enterprises.
   Google Scholar
• Mennis, M. R. 2014. Sailing for Survival: A Comparative Report of the Trading Systems and Trading Canoes of the Bel People in the Madang Area and of the Motu People in the Port Moresby Area of Papua New Guinea. Dunedin: Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Otago.
   Google Scholar
• Messner, T. C., and B. Schindler. 2010. “Plant Processing Strategies and Their Affect upon Starch Grain Survival When Rendering Peltandra Virginica (L.) Kunth, Araceae Edible.” Journal of Archaeological Science 37: 328–336. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2009.09.044
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miklouho-Maclay, N. 1885. “List of Plants in Use by the Natives of the Maclay-Coast, New Guinea.” Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 10 (3): 346–358. doi: 10.5962/bhl.part.17934
   Google Scholar
• Miklouho-Maclay, N. 1975. Mikloucho-Maclay: New Guinea Diaries, 1871–83, translated by C. L. Sentinella. Madang, PNG: Kristen Press.
   Google Scholar
• Petir, A., D. Materem, P. Yapong, S. Mukarek, M. Okira, and T. Platts-Mills. 1997. Useful Plants of Salemben Village, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Madang, PNG: Kristen Press.
   Google Scholar
• Powell, J. M. 1976. “Ethnobotany.” In New Guinea Vegetation, edited by K. Paijmans, 106–183. Canberra: ANU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ross, M. 2008. “A History of Metatypy in the Bel Languages.” Journal of Language Contact 2: 149–164. doi: 10.1163/000000008792525255
   Google Scholar
• Sahlins, M. D. 1974. Stone Age Economics. Piscataway (NJ): Transaction Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Shaw, B., J. H. Field, G. R. Summerhayes, S. Coxe, A. C. Coster, A. Ford, J. Haro, H. Arifeae, E. Hull, G. Jacobsen, R. Fullagar, E. Hayes, and L. Kealhofer. 2020. “Emergence of a Neolithic in Highland New Guinea by 5000 to 4000 Years Ago.” Science Advances 6 (13), p.eaay4573. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aay4573
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw, B. J., G. R. Summerhayes, H. R. Buckley, and J. A. Baker. 2009. “The Use of Strontium Isotopes as an Indicator of Migration in Human and Pig Lapita Populations in the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea.” Journal of Archaeological Science 36 (4): 1079–1091. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2008.12.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Specht, J. 2007. “Small Islands in the Big Picture: The Formative Period of Lapita in the Bismarck Archipelago.” In Oceanic Explorations: Lapita and Western Pacific Settlement, edited by S. Bedford, C. Sand, and S. Connaughton, 51–70. Canberra: ANU E Press.
   Google Scholar
• Spriggs, M. 1997. The Island Melanesians. Cambridge, Mass: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Summerhayes, G. R. 2018. “Coconuts on the Move: Archaeology of Western Pacific.” The Journal of Pacific History 53 (4): 375–396. doi: 10.1080/00223344.2018.1520082
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Summerhayes, G. R., K. Szabo, A. Fairburn, M. Horrocks, and S. McPherson. 2019. “Early Lapita Subsistence: The Evidence from Kamgot.” In Debating Lapita: Chronology, Society, and Subsistence. Terra Australis, edited by S. Bedford, and M. Spriggs, 379–403. Canberra: ANU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sutton, A., M. J. Mountain, K. Aplin, S. Bulmer, and T. Denham. 2009. “Archaeozoological Records for the Highlands of New Guinea: A Review of Current Evidence.” Australian Archaeology 69 (1): 41–58. doi: 10.1080/03122417.2009.11681900
   Google Scholar
• Swadling, P. 1994. “Changing Shellfish Resources and their Exploitation for Food and Artifact Production in Papua New Guinea.” Man and Culture in Oceania 10: 127–150.
   Google Scholar
• Swadling, P., and A. Chowning. 1981. “Shellfish Gathering at Nukalau Island, West New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea.” Journal de la Société des Océanistes 37 (72): 159–167. doi: 10.3406/jso.1981.3057
   Google Scholar
• Torrence, R. 2006. “Starch and Archaeology.” In Ancient Starch Research, edited by H. Barton, and R. Torrence, 17–34. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Tromp, M. 2016. “Lapita Plants, People and Pigs” Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Otago, Dunedin.
   Google Scholar
• Tromp, M., H. Buckley, J. Geber, and E. Matisoo-Smith. 2017. “EDTA Decalcification of Dental Calculus as an Alternate Means of Microparticle Extraction from Archaeological Samples.” Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 14: 461–466. doi: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2017.06.035
   Google Scholar
• Tromp, M., and J. V. Dudgeon. 2015. “Differentiating Dietary and Non-Dietary Microfossils Extracted from Human Dental Calculus: The Importance of Sweet Potato to Ancient Diet on Rapa Nui.” Journal of Archaeological Science 54: 54–63. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2014.11.024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valentin, F., H. R. Buckley, E. Herrscher, R. Kinaston, S. Bedford, M. Spriggs, S. Hawkins, and K. Neal. 2010. “Lapita Subsistence Strategies and Food Consumption Patterns in the Community of Teouma (Efate, Vanuatu).” Journal of Archaeological Science 37 (8): 1820–1829. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2010.01.039
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weston, J. 2009. “Seeing Red: The Use of a Biological Stain to Identify Cooked and Processed/Damaged Starch Grains in Archaeological Residues.” In New Directions in Archaeological Science, edited by A. Fairbairn, S. O’Connor, and B. Marwick, 77–91. Canberra: AUU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zeder, M. A., X. Lemoine, and S. Payne. 2015. “A New System for Computing Long-Bone Fusion Age Profiles in Sus Scrofa.” Journal of Archaeological Science 55: 135–150. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2014.12.017
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar