Salivary stress biomarkers of recent nicotine use and dependence

References

• CDC. Current cigarette smoking among adults – United States, 2005 –2013. MMWR 2014;63:1108–1112.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The health consequences of smoking – 50 years of progress: A report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Xu X, Bishop EE, Kennedy SM, Simpson SA, Pechacek TF. Annual healthcare spending attributable to cigarette smoking: An update. Am J Prev Med 2015;48:326–333.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koob G, Kreek MJ. Stress, dysregulation or drug reward pathways, and the transition to drug dependence. Am J Psychiatry 2007;164:1149–1159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wills TA, Sandy JM, Yaeger AM. Stress and smoking in adolescence: A test of directional hypotheses. Health Psychol 2002;21:122–130.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payne TJ, Schare ML, Levis DJ, Colletti G. Exposure to smoking-relevant cues: Effects on desire to smoke and topographical components of smoking behavior. Addict Behav 1991;16:467–479.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siahpush M, Carlin JB. Financial stress, smoking cessation and relapse: Results from a prospective study of an Australian national sample. Addiction 2006;101:121–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinha R. Chronic stress, drug use, and vulnerability to addiction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008;1141:105–130.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller GE, Chen E, Zhou ES. If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans. Psychol Bull 2007;133:25–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• al’Absi M, Nakajima M, Allen S, Lemieux A, Hatsukami D. Sex differences in hormonal responses to stress and smoking relapse: A prospective examination. Nicotine Tob Res 2015;17:382–389.
   Google Scholar
• Yamada H, Bruijnzeel AW. Stimulation of α2-adrenergic receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdala attenuates stress-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking in rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011;60:303–311.
   Google Scholar
• McKee SA, Potenza MN, Kober H et al. A translational investigation targeting stress-reactivity and prefrontal cognitive control with guanfacine for smoking cessation. J Psychopharmacol 2015;29:300–311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards JM, Stipelman BA, Bornovalova MA et al. Biological mechanisms underlying the relationship between stress and smoking: State of the science and directions for future work. Biol Psychol 2011;88:1–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen EW, Espersen K, Kanstrup L-L, Christensen NJ. Plasma noradrenaline and ageing: Effects of smoking habits. Eur J Clin Invest 1996;26:839–846.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niedermaier ON, Smith ML, Beightol LA et al. Influence of cigarette smoking on human autonomic function. Circulation 1993;88:562–571.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagler R, Lischinsky S, Diamond E et al. Effect of cigarette smoke on salivary proteins and enzyme activities. Arch Biochem Biophys 2000;379:229–236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zappacosta B, Persichilli S, Mordente A et al. Inhibition of salivary enzymes by cigarrette smoke and protective role of glutathione. Hum Exp Toxicol 2002;21:7–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagaya T, Okuno M. No effects of smoking or drinking habits on salivary amylase. Toxicol Lett 1993;66:257–261.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuabi O, Machtei EE, Ben-Aryeh H et al. The effect of smoking and periodontal treatment on salivary composition in patients with established periodontitis. J Periodontol 1999;70:1240–1246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granger DA, Blair C, Willoughby M et al. Individual differences in salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase in mothers and their infants: Relation to tobacco smoke exposure. Dev Psychobiol 2007;49:692–701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thoma MV, Kirschbaum C, Wolf JM, Rohleder N. Acute stress responses in salivary alpha-amylase predict increases of plasma norepinephrine. Biol Psychol 2012;91:342–348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dušková M, Šimůnková K, Hill M et al. Higher levels of salivary α-amylase predict failure of cessation efforts in male smokers. Physiol Res 2010;59:765–771.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• al’Absi M. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical responses to psychological stress and risk for smoking relapse. Int J Psychophysiol 2006;59:218–227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao U, Hammen CL, London ED, Poland RE. Contribution of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity and environmental stress to vulnerability for smoking in adolescents. Neuropsychopharmacology 2009;34:2721–2732.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchmann AF, Laucht M, Schmid B et al. Cigarette craving increases after a psychosocial stress test and is related to cortisol stress response but not to dependence scores in daily smokers. J Psychopharmacol 2010;24:247–255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKee SA, Sinha R, Weinberger AH et al. Stress decreases the ability to resist smoking and potentiates smoking intensity and reward. J Psychopharmacol 2011;25:490–502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maninger N, Wolkowitz OM, Reus VI, Epel ES, Mellon SH. Neurobiological and neuropsychiatric effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulfate (DHEAS). Front Neuroendocrinol 2009;30:65–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sripada RK, Marx CE, King AP et al. DHEA enhances emotion regulation neurocircuits and modulates memory for emotional stimuli. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013;38:1798–1807.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman HA, Johannes CB, McKinlay JB, Longcope C. Low dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and heart disease in middle-aged men: Cross-sectional results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. Ann Epidemiol 1998;8:217–228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marx CE, Trost WT, Shampine L et al. Neuroactive steroids, negative affect, and nicotine dependence severity in male smokers. Psychopharmacology 2006;186:462–472.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oncken C, Prestwood K, Cooney JL et al. Effects of smoking cessation or reduction on hormone profiles and bone turnover in postmenopausal women. Nicotine Tob Res 2002;4:451–458.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rasmusson AM, Wu R, PaliwalP, Anderson GM, Krishnan-Sarin S. A decrease in the plasma DHEA to cortisol ratio during smoking abstinence may predict relapse: A preliminary study. Psychopharmacology 2006;186:473–480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hruškovičová H, Dušková M, Šimůnková K et al. Effects of smoking cessation on hormonal levels in men. Physiol Res 2013;62:67–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izawa S, Sugaya N, Shirotsuki K, et al. Salivary dehydroepiandrosterone secretion in response to acute psychosocial stress and its correlations with biological and psychological changes. Biol Psychol 2008;79:294–298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lennartsson A-K, Kushnir MM, Bergquist J, Jonsdottir IH. DHEA and DHEA-S response to acute psychosocial stress in healthy men and women. Biol Psychol 2012;90:143–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrews J, Ali N, Pruessner JC. Reflections on the interaction of psychogenic stress systems in humans: The stress coherence/compensation model. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2013;38:947–961.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer AM, Quas JA, Boyce WT. Associations between physiological reactivity and children’s behavior: Advantages of a multisystem approach. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2002;23:102–113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kauffman RM, Ferketich AK, Murray DM, Bellair PE, Wewers ME. Measuring tobacco use in a prison population. Nicotine Tob Res 2008;12:582–588.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marrone GF, Paulpillai M, Evans RJ, Singleton EG, Heishman SJ. Breath carbon monoxide and semiquantitative saliva cotinine as biomarkers for smoking. Hum Psychopharmacol 2010;25:80–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marrone GF, Shakleya DM, Scheidweiler KB et al. Relative performance of common biochemical indicators in detecting cigarette smoking. Addiction 2011;106:1325–1334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagy T, van Lien R, Willemsen G et al. A fluid response: Alpha-amylase reactions to acute laboratory stress are related to sample timing and saliva flow rate. Biol Psychol 2015;109:111–119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bae YJ, Stadelmann S, Klein AM et al. The hyporeactivity of salivary cortisol at stress test (TSST-C) in children with internalizing or externalizing disorders is contrastively associated with α-amylase. J Psychiatr Res 2015;71:78–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maruyama Y, Kawano A, Okamoto S, et al. Differences in salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol responsiveness following exposure to electrical stimulation versus the Trier Social Stress Tests. PLoS One 2012;7:7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW. User’s guide for the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) - Clinician Version. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Andreasen NC, Endicott J, Spitzer RL, Winokur G. The family history method using diagnostic criteria. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1977;34:1229–1235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Composite international diagnostic interview (core version 1.1). Geneva: WHO, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edn. Washington, DC: Author, 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Fagerström KO, Schneider NG. Measuring nicotine dependence: A review of the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire. J Behav Med 1989;12:159–182.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes JR, Hatsukami D. Signs and symptoms of tobacco withdrawal. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986;43:289–294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buske-Kirschbaum A, Jobst S, Wustmans A et al. Attenuated free cortisol response to psychosocial stress in children with atopic dermatitis. Psychosom Med 1997;59:419–426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirschbaum C, Pirke KM, Hellhammer DH. The Trier Social Stress Test – A tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting. Neuropsychobiology 1993;28:76–81.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickerson SS, Kemeny ME. Acute stressors and cortisol responses: A theoretical integration and synthesis of laboratory research. Psychol Bull 2004;130:355–391.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao U, Hammen C, Ortiz LR, Chen LA, Poland RE. Effects of early and recent adverse experiences on adrenal response to psychosocial stress in depressed adolescents. Biol Psychiatry 2008;64:521–526.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benowitz NL, Hukkanen J, Jacob P. Nicotine chemistry, metabolism, kinetics, and biomarkers. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2009;192:29–60.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pruessner JC, Kirschbaum C, Meinlschmid G, Hellhammer DH. Two formulas for computation of the area under the curve represent measures of total hormone concentration versus time-dependent change. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2003;28:916–931.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raudenbush SW, Bryk AS, Congdon R. HLM 6 for Windows. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International, Inc., 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Kudielka BM, Hellhammer DH, Wüst S. Why do we respond so differently? Reviewing determinants of human salivary cortisol responses to challenge. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2009;34:2–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matta SG, Fu Y, Valentine JD, Sharp BM. Response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis to nicotine. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1998;23:103–113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morales AJ, Nolan JJ, Nelson JC, Yen SS. Effects of replacement dose of dehydroepiandrosterone in men and women of advancing age. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;78:1360–1367.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benowitz NL. Biochemical verification of tobacco use and cessation. Nicotine Tob Res 2002;4:149–159.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schepis TS, Duhig AM, Liss T et al. Contingency management for smoking cessation: Enhancing feasibility through use of immunoassay test strips measuring cotinine. Nicotine Tob Res 2008;10:1495–1501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• al’Absi M, Nakajima M, Grabowski J. Stress response dysregulation and stress-induced analgesia in nicotine dependent men and women. Biol Psychol 2013;93:1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Roche DJO, Childs E, Epstein AM, King AC. Acute HPA axis response to naltrexone differs in female vs. male smokers. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2010;35:596–606.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Straneva-Meuse PA, Light KC, Allen MT, Golding M, Girdler SS. Bupropion and paroxetine differentially influence cardiovascular and neuroendocrine responses to stress in depressed patients. J Affect Disord 2004;79:51–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar