There has been little progress in implementing comprehensive alcohol control strategies in Africa

References

• WHO Regional Office for Africa. Atlas of African Health Statistics 2016: Health situation analysis of the African Region. Brazzaville: 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Ferreira-Borges C, Dias S, Babor T, Esser MB, Parry CD. Alcohol and public health in Africa: Can we prevent alcohol-related harm from increasing? Addiction 2015;110:1373–1379. Epub 2015/05/07.
   Google Scholar
• WHO Regional Office for Africa. Alcohol consumption and harm in the African Region: Status report. Mauritius: 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Rehm J, Mathers C, Popova S, Thavorncharoensap M, Teerawattananon Y, Patra J. Global burden of disease and injury and economic cost attributable to alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders. Lancet 2009;373:2223–2233. Epub 2009/06/30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreira-Borges C, Rehm J, Dias S, Babor T, Parry CD. The impact of alcohol consumption on African people in 2012: An analysis of burden of disease. Trop Med Int Health 2016;21:52–60. Epub 2015/10/09.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Odejide OA. Alcohol policies in Africa. Afr J Drug Alcohol Stud 2006;5:27–39.
   Google Scholar
• Tumwesigye NM, Atuyambe L, Kibira SP, Wabwire-Mangen F, Tushemerirwe F, Wagner GJ. Do religion and religiosity have anything to do with alcohol consumption patterns? Evidence from two fish landing sites on Lake Victoria Uganda. Subst Use Misuse 2013;48:1130–1137.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Global status report on alcohol and health 2014. Geneva: WHO; 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Room R, Graham K, Rehm J, Jernigan D, Monteiro M. Drinking and its burden in a global perspective: Policy considerations and options. Eur Addict Res 2003;9:165–175. Epub 2003/09/13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cook WK, Bond J, Greenfield TK. Are alcohol policies associated with alcohol consumption in low- and middle-income countries? Addiction 2014;109:1081–1090. Epub 2014/04/11.
   Google Scholar
• Agyemang C, Addo J, Bhopal R, Aikins Ade G, Stronks K. Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and established risk factors among populations of sub-Saharan African descent in Europe: A literature review. Globalization Health 2009;5:7. Epub 2009/08/13.
   Google Scholar
• Beaglehole R, Bonita R. Alcohol: a global health priority. Lancet 2009;373:2173–2174. Epub 2009/06/30.
   Google Scholar
• Schneider M, Norman R, Parry C, Bradshaw D, Pluddemann A. Estimating the burden of disease attributable to alcohol use in South Africa in 2000. S Afr Med J 2007;97:664–672. Epub 2007/10/24.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. Global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. Geneva: WHO; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Babor T, Caetano R, Casswell S, Edwards G, Giesbrecht N, Graham K, et al. Alcohol: no ordinary commodity: Research and public policy. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Parry CD, Patra J, Rehm J. Alcohol consumption and non-communicable diseases: epidemiology and policy implications. Addiction 2011;106:1718–1724. Epub 2011/08/09.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gronbaek M. The positive and negative health effects of alcohol- and the public health implications. J Internal Med 2009;265:407–420. Epub 2009/03/21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rehm J, Taylor B, Room R. Global burden of disease from alcohol, illicit drugs and tobacco. Drug Alcohol Rev 2006;25:503–513. Epub 2006/11/30.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organizaton. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2014. Geneva: WHO; 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Parry C, Burnhams NH, London L. A total ban on alcohol advertising: presenting the public health case. S Afr Med J 2012;102:602–604. Epub 2012/07/04.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramsoomar L, Morojele NK. Trends in alcohol prevalence, age of initiation and association with alcohol-related harm among South African youth: Implications for policy. S Afr Med J 2012;102:609–612. Epub 2012/07/04.
   Google Scholar
• Eriksen MP, Mackay J, Schluger N, Islami F, Drope J. The tobacco atlas. 5th ed. The American Cancer Society; 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Casswell S, Thamarangsi T. Reducing harm from alcohol: Call to action. Lancet 2009;373:2247–2257. Epub 2009/06/30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parry CD. Alcohol policy in South Africa: A review of policy development processes between 1994 and 2009. Addiction 2010;105:1340–1345. Epub 2010/07/27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakke O, Endal D. Vested interests in addiction research and policy alcohol policies out of context: Drinks industry supplanting government role in alcohol policies in sub-Saharan Africa. Addiction 2010;105:22–28. Epub 2010/01/19.
   Google Scholar
• Tumwine J. Implementation of the framework convention on tobacco control in Africa: current status of legislation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2011;8:4312–4331. Epub 2011/12/14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreira-Borges C, Esser MB, Dias S, Babor T, Parry CD. Alcohol control policies in 46 African countries: Opportunities for improvement. Alcohol Alcohol 2015;50:470–476. Epub 2015/04/18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organizaton. Addressing the harmful use of alcohol: A guide to developing effective alcohol legislation. Geneva: WHO; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Lachenmeier DW, Taylor BJ, Rehm J. Alcohol under the radar: Do we have policy options regarding unrecorded alcohol? Int J Drug Policy 2011;22:153–160. Epub 2011/01/19.
   Google Scholar
• Esser MB, Jernigan DH. Assessing restrictiveness of national alcohol marketing policies. Alcohol Alcohol 2014;49:557–562. Epub 2014/08/13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organizaton. Alcohol, gender and drinking problems. Perspectives from low and middle income countries. Geneva: WHO; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Gilmore I. Action needed to tackle a global drink problem. Lancet 2009;373:2174–2176. Epub 2009/06/30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thamarangsi T. Thailand: Alcohol today. Addiction 2006;101:783–787. Epub 2006/05/16.
   Google Scholar
• Room R, Rehm J, Parry C. Alcohol and non-communicable diseases (NCDs): Time for a serious international public health effort. Addiction 2011;106:1547–1558. Epub 2011/08/06.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moodie R, Stuckler D, Monteiro C, Sheron N, Neal B, Thamarangsi T, et al. Profits and pandemics: Prevention of harmful effects of tobacco, alcohol, and ultra-processed food and drink industries. Lancet 2013;381:670–679. Epub 2013/02/16.
   Google Scholar
• Ogazi C, Edison E. The drink driving situation in Nigeria. Traffic Inj Prev 2012;13:115–119. Epub 2012/03/31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ataguba JE. Alcohol policy and taxation in South Africa: An examination of the economic burden of alcohol tax. Appl Health Econ Health Policy 2012;10:65–76. Epub 2011/12/06.
   Google Scholar
• Seggie J. Alcohol and South Africa’s youth. S Afr Med J 2012;102:587. Epub 2012/07/04.
   Google Scholar