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Original Articles

Numerical Ranges of the Diffuse and Specular Reflectances

, FIES &
Pages 400-410 | Published online: 20 Sep 2013

References

  • SpencerD. E. and GrayS. M., “On the Foundations of Goniophotometry”, Illuminating Engineering, Vol. 55, April 1960, p. 228.
  • MoonP., “A System of Photometric Concepts”, Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 32, June 1942, p. 348.
  • USA Standard Nomenclature and Definitions for Illuminating Engineering, Z7.1–1967, Illuminating Engineering Society, New York, New York, 1968.
  • MoonP. and SpencerD. E., “Brightness and Helios”, Illuminating Engineering, Vol. 39, September 1944, p. 507; Hurd, Y. G., “Measurement of Helios with a Barrier-Layer Cell,” Illuminating Engineering, Vol. 41, April 1946, P. 306; Hurd, Y. G., “A Photoelectric Brightness Meter,” Illuminating Engineering, Vol. 44, September 1949, P. 555; Spencer, D. E., “Out-of-Focus Photometry,” Illuminating Engineering, Vol. 55, April 1965, P. 396.
  • LevinR. E., “Luminance—A Tutorial Paper”, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Vol. 77, October 1968, p. 1005.
  • FryG. A., “Proposed Usage of the Words ‘Luminance’ and ‘Helios,’” Illuminating Engineering, Vol. 48, August 1953, p. 406.
  • Cronin-ScanlonJ., Advanced Calculus, D. C. Heath and Company, Boston, Massachusetts, 1967, pp. 18 and 60.
  • (Abstract)SpencerD. E. and GastonE. A., “On Three Current Definitions of Reflectance”, Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 58, November 1968, p. 1553; (Abstract) Spencer, D. E. and Gaston, E. A., “Vector Representation for Reflectance and Transmittance,” Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 62, May 1972, p. 713.
  • OrnsteinL. S. and Van der BurgA., “Reflectivity of Corrugated Surfaces”, Physica, Vol. 4, December 1937, p. 1181; Minnaert, M., “The Reflection of Light in Rippled Surfaces,” Physica, Vol. 9, November 1942, p. 925; Harrison, V. G. W., Gloss, Its Definition and Measurement, Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., Brooklyn, New York, 1949, pp. 9–26; Bennett, H. E. and Porteus, J. O., “Relation Between Surface Roughness and Specular Reflectance at Normal Incidence,” Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 51, February 1961, p. 123.

References

  • NicodemusFred E., “Directional Reflectance and Emissivity of an Opaque Surface”, Applied Optics, Vol. 4, No. 7, July 1965, pp. 767–773; Erratum, Applied Optics, Vol. 5, No. 5, May 1966, p. 715.
  • NicodemusFred E., “Reflectance Nomenclature and Directional Reflectance and Emissivity”, Applied Optics, Vol. 9, No. 6, June 1970, pp. 1474–1475.
  • GinsbergI. W.,LimperisThomas,NicodemusFred E., and RichmondJoseph C., “Reflectance Nomenclature (Geometrical)”, in preparation (see par. 2 of reference 2, above).
  • JonesR. Clark, Appendix [on Radiometry] to:SpiroI. F.,JonesR. Clark, and WarkD. Q., “Atmospheric Transmission: Concepts, Symbols, Units and Nomenclature”, Infrared Physics, Vol. 5, No. 1, March 1965, pp. 11–36. With the help of Dr. Jones, a number of unfortunate typographical errors were corrected for its reproduction in: “Radiometry—Selected Reprints,” published for the American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT) by the American Institute of Physics (AIP), July 1971, pp. 37–54 (order from Dept. BN, American Institute of Physics, 335 East 45 Street, New York, N. Y. 10017).

  • United States of America Standards Institute, “Nomenclature and Definitions for Illuminating Engineering,” Z.7.1–1967, Section 7.3.3.
  • ibid., Section 7.6.
  • A consensus obtained in the Optical Society of America is reviewed in: Meyer-Arendt, J. R., “Radiometry and Photometry: Units and Conversion Factors,” Applied Optics, Vol. 7, p. 2081 (October, 1968).
  • Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage, “International Lighting Vocabulary,” (3rd edition) Section 45–10–080.
  • MoonP. and SpencerD. E.: Lighting Design, Addison-Wesley Press Inc. (1948), Section 1.09.
  • NicodemusF. E. “Reflectance Nomeclature and Directional Reflectance and Emissivity,” Applied Optics, Vol. 9, p. 1474 (June, 1970).

  • Eberle SpencerDomina and GrayS. M., “On the Foundations of Goniophotometry”, Illuminating Engineering, Vol. 55, April 1960, p. 228.
  • Eberle SpencerDomina and GastonEugene A., On Three Current Definitions of Reflectance, paper WD19 presented at the 1968 Annual Meeting of the Optical Society of America.
  • For differentiation of composite functions, see Buck, Advanced Calculus, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, New York, 1956, pp. 190–202.
  • USA Standard Nomenclature and Definitions for Illuminating Engineering, Z7.1–1967, Illuminating Engineering Society, New York, New York, 1968, p. 32.
  • For the implicit-function theorems, seeCronin-ScanlonJ., Advanced Calculus, D. C. Heath and Company, Boston, Massachusetts, 1967, pp. 108–119.
  • For improper integrals, seeBuckR. C., Advanced Calculus pp. 190–202.

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