Europeanisation through Cooperation? EU Democracy Promotion in Morocco and Tunisia

References

• Allani , Alaya . 2009 . ‘The Islamists in Tunisia between Confrontation and Participation, 1980–2008’ . The Journal of North African Studies , 14 ( 2 ) : 257 – 72 .
   Google Scholar
• Bendiek , Annegret . 2008 . Wie effektiv ist die Europäische Nachbarschaftspolitik? Sechzehn Länder im Vergleich , Berlin : SWP .
   Google Scholar
• Börzel , A. Tanja and Pamuk , Yasemin . 2012 . ‘Pathologies of Europeanisation. Fighting Corruption in the Southern Caucasus’ . West European Politics , 35 ( 1 ) : 79 – 97 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Börzel , A. Tanja and Risse , Thomas . 2012 . ‘When Europeanisation Meets Diffusion. Exploring New Territory’ . West European Politics , 35 ( 1 ) : 192 – 207 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brumberg , Daniel . 2003 . “ ‘The Trap of Liberalized Autocracy’ ” . In Islam and Democracy in the Middle East , Edited by: Diamond , Larry , Plattner , Marc F. and Brumberg , Daniel . 35 – 47 . Baltimore and London : Johns Hopkins University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Campbell , J. Patricia . 2003 . ‘Morocco in Transition. Overcoming the Democratic and Human Rights Legacy of King Hassan II’ . African Studies Quarterly , 7 ( 1 ) : 38 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• Cavatorta , Francesco . 2009 . ‘“Divided they Stand, Divided they Fail”. Opposition Politics in Morocco’ . Democratization , 16 ( 1 ) : 137 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Council of the EU . Relations with Tunisia – Establishment of the European Union's Position for the Fifth Meeting of the EU–Tunisia Association Council . January 31 2005 . Brussels 5618/05 TU 3, Brussels, 25 January
   Google Scholar
• Council of the EU . 4 May 2010 . Relations avec la Tunisie – Adoption de la position de l'Union européenne en vue de la huitième session du Conseil d'Association (Bruxelles, le 11 mai 2010) 4 May , Brussels 9143/10 LIMITE TU 25
   Google Scholar
• Darbouche , Hakim and Zoubir , Yahia H. 2008 . ‘Conflicting International Policies and the Western Sahara Stalemate’ . The International Spectator , 43 ( 1 ) : 91 – 105 .
   Google Scholar
• Desrues , Thierry and Moyano , Eduardo . 2001 . ‘Social Change and Political Transition in Morocco’ . Mediterranean Politics , 6 ( 1 ) : 21 – 47 .
   Google Scholar
• Dillman , Bradford . 1998 . ‘The Political Economy of Structural Adjustment in Tunisia and Algeria’ . The Journal of North African Studies , 3 ( 3 ) : 1 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Durac , Vincent and Cavatorta , Francesco . 2009 . ‘Strengthening Authoritarian Rule through Democracy Promotion? Examining the Paradox of the US and EU Security Strategies: The Case of Bin Ali's Tunisia’ . British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies , 36 ( 1 ) : 3 – 20 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Entelis , P. John . 2005 . ‘The Democratic Imperative vs. the Authoritarian Impulse. The Maghrib State between Transition and Terrorism’ . The Middle East Journal , 59 ( 4 ) : 537 – 58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EU–Morocco Association Council . 3 December 2009 . Projet de Procès-Verbal de la septième session du Conseil d'Association UE-Maroc en date du 13 octobre 2008 à Luxembourg 3 December , Brussels UE-MA 2701/09
   Google Scholar
• EU–Morocco Association Council . 13 December 2010 . Projet de Procès-Verbal de la huitième session du Conseil d'Association UE-Maroc en date du 7 décembre 2010 à Bruxelles 13 December , Brussels UE-MA 2705/10
   Google Scholar
• EU–Tunisia Association Council . 10 May 2010 . Projet de Procès-Verbal, La septième session du Conseil d'Association UE-Tunisie, 11 novembre 2008, Bruxelles 10 May , Brussels UE-TU 2601/10
   Google Scholar
• European Commission . European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights (EIDHR) . Strategy Paper 2007–2010 . Brussels : EC .
   Google Scholar
• European Commission . 2009 . Mise en oeuvre de la politique européenne de voisinage en 2008. Rapport de Suivi Maroc , Brussels : EC . SEC(2009) 520/2, 23 April
   Google Scholar
• European Commission . 2010 . Mise en oeuvre de la politique européenne de voisinage en 2009. Rapport de Suivi Tunisie , Brussels : EC . SEC(2010) 514, 12 May
   Google Scholar
• European Commission . 2011a . The European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights (EIDHR). Compendium 2007–2009, Promoting Democracy and Human Rights in the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Countries and in Kazakhstan and Tajikistan , Brussels : EC .
   Google Scholar
• European Commission . 2011b . The European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights (EIDHR). Compendium January 2007–April 2009, Promoting Democracy & Human Rights Worldwide , Brussels : EC .
   Google Scholar
• European Commission . Mid-Term Review of the Country Strategy Paper Morocco 2007–2013 and National Indicative Program 2011–2013 . Brussels : EC .
   Google Scholar
• European Commission . 2011d . Tunisie. Programme Indicatif National 2011–2013 , Brussels : EC .
   Google Scholar
• Freedom House . 2011 . Freedom in the World Comparative and Historical Data available at http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=439 (accessed 15 July 2011)
   Google Scholar
• Heydemann , Steven . 2007 . “ ‘Social Pacts and the Persistance of Authoritiarianism in the Middle East’ ” . In Debating Arab Authoritarianism. Dynamics and Durability in Nondemocratic Regimes , Edited by: Schlumberger , Oliver . 21 – 38 . Stanford, CA : Stanford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Joffé , George . 2009 . ‘Morocco's Reform Process. Wider Implications’ . Mediterranean Politics , 14 ( 2 ) : 151 – 64 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufmann , Daniel , Kraay , Aart and Mastruzzi , Massimo . 2009 . Governance Matters VIII. Aggregate and Individual Governance Indicators 1996–2008 , Washinton, DC: The World Bank .
   Google Scholar
• Kausch , Kristina . 2009a . ‘The European Union and Political Reform in Morocco’ . Mediterranean Politics , 14 ( 2 ) : 165 – 79 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kausch , Kristina . 2009b . Tunisia. The Life of Others. Project on Freedom of Association in the Middle East and North Africa , Madrid : FRIDE .
   Google Scholar
• Kubicek , J. Paul . 2003 . The European Union and Democratization , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Layachi , Azzedine . 2000 . ‘Reform and the Politics of Inclusion in the Maghrib’ . The Journal of North African Studies , 5 ( 3 ) : 15 – 42 .
   Google Scholar
• Lust-Okar , Ellen . 2007 . “ ‘The Management of Opposition. Formal Structures of Contestation and Informal Political Manipulation in Egypt, Jordan, and Morocco’ ” . In Debating Arab Authoritarianism. Dynamics and Durability in Nondemocratic Regimes , Edited by: Schlumberger , Oliver . 39 – 58 . Stanford, CA : Stanford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Maghraoui , Driss . 2009 . ‘Introduction. Interpreting Reform in Morocco’ . Mediterranean Politics , 14 ( 2 ) : 143 – 9 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martín , Iván . 2009 . ‘EU–Morocco Relations: How Advanced is the “Advanced Status”?’ . Mediterranean Politics , 14 ( 2 ) : 239 – 45 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Najem , Pierre Tom . 2003 . “ ‘State Power and Democratization in North Africa. Developments in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya’ ” . In Democratization in the Middle East. Experiences, Struggles, Challenges , Edited by: Saikal , Amin and Schnabel , Albrecht . 183 – 201 . Tokyo : United Nations University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Noutcheva , Gergana and Düzgit , Senem Aydin . 2012 . ‘Lost in Europeanisation? The Western Balkans and Turkey’ . West European Politics , 35 ( 1 ) : 59 – 78 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadiki , Larbi . 2002 . ‘Bin Ali's Tunisia. Democracy by Non-Democratic Means’ . British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies , 29 ( 1 ) : 57 – 78 .
   Google Scholar
• Sater , N. James . 2009 . ‘Parliamentary Elections and Authoritarian Rule in Morocco’ . The Middle East Journal , 63 ( 3 ) : 381 – 400 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schimmelfennig , Frank and Sedelmeier , Ulrich . 2005 . The Europeanization of Central and Eastern Europe , Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Schlumberger , Oliver . 2007 . “ ‘Arab Authoritarianism. Debating the Dynamics and Durability of Nondemocratic Regimes’ ” . In Debating Arab Authoritarianism. Dynamics and Durability in Nondemocratic Regimes , Edited by: Schlumberger , Oliver . 1 – 18 . Stanford, CA : Stanford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Spendzharova , Aneta and Vachudova , Milada Anna . 2012 . ‘Catching Up? Consolidating Liberal Democracy in Bulgaria and Romania’ . West European Politics , 35 ( 1 ) : 39 – 58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Hüllen , Vera . EU Democracy Promotion in the Mediterranean . Cooperation against All Odds? KFG Working Paper Series, No. 9 . Berlin : Kolleg-Forschergruppe ‘The Transformative Power of Europe’ .
   Google Scholar
• van Hüllen , Vera . 2010a . It Takes Two to Tango. The European Union and Democracy Promotion in the Mediterranean, Dissertation am Fachbereich Politik- und Sozialwissenschaften 15.09.2010 , Berlin : Freie Universität .
   Google Scholar
• van Hüllen , Vera . More than Cheap Talk? Euro-Mediterranean Cooperation on Human Rights and Democracy . Working Paper del Observatori de Política Exterior Europea, No. 86 . Bellaterra, Barcelona : Institut Universitari d'Estudis Europeus .
   Google Scholar
• Willis , J. Michael . 2006 . ‘Containing Radicalism through the Political Process in North Africa’ . Mediterranean Politics , 11 ( 2 ) : 137 – 50 .
   Google Scholar
• Willis , J. Michael . 2009 . ‘Conclusion. The Dynamics of Reform in Morocco’ . Mediterranean Politics , 14 ( 2 ) : 229 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Bank . 2011 . “ ‘Worldwide Governance Indicators ” . available at http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.asp (accessed 18 January 2011)
   Google Scholar
• Youngs , Richard . 2009 . ‘Democracy Promotion as External Governance?’ . Journal of European Public Policy , 16 ( 6 ) : 895 – 915 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar