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Original Articles

Propositions on military deception

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Pages 155-177 | Published online: 24 Jan 2008

Notes

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  • Whaley , Barton . 1969 . Stratagem. Deception and Surprise in War , Cambridge, Mass. : MIT unpublished mimeographed manuscript .
  • Harris , William R. 1973 . “ ‘On Countering Strategic Deception’ ” . Santa Monica, Ca. draft R‐1230‐ARPA, Rand Corporation
  • Bok , Sissela . 1978 . Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life , NY : Pantheon Books .
  • Betts , Richard K. 1978 . ‘Analysis, War and Decision: Why Intelligence Failures are Inevitable’ . World Politics , XXXI Oct. : 69 – 72 .
  • Whaley , Barton . 1973 . Codeword Barbarossa , 242 Cambridge, Mass. : The MIT Press .
  • Greenfield , Kent Robert and Harrison , Gordon A. , eds. 1951 . United States Army in World War II, vol. 2 of The European Theatre of Operations: Cross‐Channel Attack , 351 – 2 . Washington, DC : Office of the Chief of Military History .
  • Whaley . Codeword Barbarossa 213 – 16 .
  • Axelrod , Robert . 1979 . ‘The Rational Timing of Surprise’ . World Politics , XXXI January : 228 – 46 .
  • Irving , David . 1977 . Hitler's War , 116 – 18 . NY : Viking .
  • Irving , David . 1965 . The Mare's Nest , 97 – 98 . 108 – 15 . Boston : Little, Brown and Co. .
  • Valenta , Jiri . 1979 . Soviet Intervention in Czechoslovakia, 1968: Anatomy of a Decision , Baltimore : Johns Hopkins Press .
  • Boorman , Scott A. 1972 . “ ‘Deception in Chinese Strategy’ ” . In The Military and Political Power in China in the 1970s , Edited by: Whitson , William W. 315 – 16 . NY : Praeger .
  • Tzu , Sun . 1963 . The Art of War , Edited by: Griffith , Samuel B. Oxford : Oxford University Press .
  • Jervis , Robert . 1970 . The Logic of Images in International Relations , 98 Princeton : Princeton University Press .
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  • Scheibe , Karl E. 1978 . ‘The Psychologist's Advantage and Its Nullification: Limits of Human Predictability’ . American Psychologist , 33 Oct. : 869 – 81 .
  • Goldhamer , Herbert . February 1979 . “ ‘Reality and Belief in Military Affairs: A First Draft’ (June 1977) ” . Edited by: Goldhamer , Joan . February , 107 – 8 . Rand Corporation: R‐2448‐NA
  • Allison , Graham T. 1971 . Essence of Decision , 88 – 95 . Boston : Little, Brown and Co. .
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  • Whaley . Stratagem 8 – 12 .
  • Fleming , Peter . 1957 . Operation Sea Lion , NY : Simon and Schuster .
  • Handel , Michael J. 1976 . “ ‘Perception, Deception and Surprise: The Case of the Yom Kippur War’ ” . 16 – 17 . 57 – 8 . Hebrew University of Jerusalem . Jerusalem Paper on Peace Problems No. 19
  • Whaley . Codeword Barbarossa 24 – 129 .
  • Whaley . Stratagem 229
  • 23 Feb. 1944 . “ ‘Plan “Fortitude"’ ” . 23 Feb. ,
  • Masterman , J. C. 1972 . The Double‐Cross System in the War of 1939 to 1945 , 30 – 31 . New Haven and London : Yale University Press .
  • Giskes , H. J. 1953 . London Calling North Pole , NY : The British Book Centre, Inc. .
  • Whaley . Codeword Barbarossa 223 – 4 .
  • Jervis , Robert . 1976 . Perception and Misperception in International Politics , Princeton : Princeton University Press .
  • Wohlstetter , Roberta . 1979 . ‘The Pleasures of Self‐Deception’ . The Washington Quarterly , 2 Autumn : 54 – 63 . 58 – 60 .
  • Montagu , Ewen . 1954 . The Man Who Never Was , Philadelphia and NY : J. B. Lippincott Co. .
  • Jervis . Perception 187 – 91 .
  • Janis , Irving L. and Mann , Leon . 1977 . Decision‐Making: A Psychological Analysis of Conflict, Choice, and Commitment , NY : Free Press .
  • This article will be published in Donald C. Daniel and Katherine L. Herbig (eds.), Strategic Military Deception (New York: Pergamon Press, 1982) and appears here with the granting of permission of the publisher. The authors express their own views in this article. What they say should not be construed as representing the opinion of the Naval Postgraduate School, the Department of the Navy, or any other agency of the United States Government. (Paper presented at the International Studies Convention, Los Angeles, 19 March 1980.)

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