High-resolution calorimetric study of the phase transitions of tridecylcyanobiphenyl and tetradecylcyanobiphenyl liquid crystals

References

• Gray , GW , Harrison , KJ and Nash , JA . 1973 . New family of nematic liquid crystals for displays . Electron. Lett. , 9 : 130 – 131 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashford , A , Constant , J , Kirton , J and Raynes , EP . 1973 . Electrooptic performance of a new room-temperature nematic liquid-crystal . Electron. Lett. , 9 : 118 – 120 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coles , HJ and Strazielle , C . 1979 . Order-disorder phase-transition in liquid-crystals as a function of molecular-structure.1. Alkyl cyanobiphenyls . Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. , 55 : 237 – 250 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thoen , J , Marynissen , H and Van Dael , W . 1982 . Temperature-dependence of the enthalpy and heat-capacity of the liquid crystal octylcyanobiphenyl (8CB) . Phys. Rev. A , 26 : 2886 – 2905 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marynissen , H , Thoen , J and Van Dael , W . 1983 . Heat-capacity and enthalpy behaviour near phase-transitions in some alkylcyanobiphenyls . Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. , 97 : 149 – 161 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marinelli , M , Mercuri , F , Zammit , U and Scudieri , F . 1998 . Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the cyanobiphenyl (nCB) homologous series . Phys. Rev. E , 58 : 5860 – 5866 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oweimreen , GA and Morsy , MA . 2000 . DSC studies on p-(n-alkyl)-p′-cyanobiphenyl (RCB's) and p-(n-alkoxy)-p′-cyanobiphenyl (ROCB's) liquid crystals . Thermochim. Acta , 346 : 37 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmalfuss , H , Weissflog , W , Würflinger , A , Masberg , S and Schneider , GM . 2001 . Thermodynamic measurements on selected liquid crystals at normal and elevated pressures . Z. Naturforsch. , 56 : 262 – 266 .
   Google Scholar
• Belyaev , BA , Drokin , NA , Shabanov , VF and Shepov , VN . 2001 . Dielectric anisotropy of nematic 4-pentil-4′-cyanobiphenyl . Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. , 366 : 2157 – 2164 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urban , S , Würflinger , A , Gestblom , B , Dabrowski , R and Przedmojski , J . 2003 . DTA, X-ray and dielectric relaxation studies of 14CB at atmospheric and elevated pressures . Liq. Cryst. , 30 : 305 – 311 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drozd-Rzoska , A . 2004 . “ The discontinuity of the isotropic-mesophase transition in n-cyanobiphenyls homologues series from 4CB to 14CB. Nonlinear dielectric effect (NDE) studies ” . In Nonlinear Phenomena in Complex Liquids, NATO Science Series II. Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry , Edited by: Rzoska , SJ and Zhelezny , VI . 201 – 210 . Dordrecht, , The Netherlands : Kluwer Academic Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Drozd-Rzoska , A , Rzoska , SJ , Pawlus , S and Ziolo , J . 2005 . Complex dynamics of supercooling n-butylcyanobiphenyl (4CB) . Phys. Rev. E , 72 : 031501
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thoen , J , Marynissen , H and Van Dael , W . 1984 . Nematic-smectic-A tricritical point in alkylcyanobiphenyl liquid crystals . Phys. Rev. Lett. , 52 : 204 – 207 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cross , CW and Fung , BM . 1995 . Tricritical points of smectic-A to nematic phase transitions for binary-liquid crystal mixtures containing cyanobiphenyls . Liq. Cryst. , 19 : 863 – 869 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lafouresse , MG , Sied , MB , Allouchi , H , Lopez , DO , Salud , J and Tamarit , LJ . 2003 . On the nature of the smectic mesophase in 8CB+10CB binary mixtures. Evidences for a smectic A to nematic tricritical point . Chem. Phys. Lett. , 376 : 188 – 193 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iannacchione , GS , Garland , CW , Mang , JT and Rieker , TP . 1998 . Calorimetric and small angle X-ray scattering study of phase transitions in octylcyanobiphenyl-aerosil dispersions . Phys. Rev. E , 58 : 5966 – 5981 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frunza , S , Frunza , L , Goering , H , Sturm , H and Schonhals , A . 2001 . On the dynamics of surface layer in octylcyanobiphenyl-aerosil systems . Europhys. Lett. , 56 : 801 – 807 .
   Google Scholar
• Hourri , A , Jamee , P , Bose , TK and Thoen , J . 2002 . Broadband dielectric relaxation study of 6CB and 6CB – aerosil dispersions in the nematic and isotropic phases . Liq. Cryst. , 29 : 459 – 466 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leheny , RL , Park , S , Birgeneau , RJ , Gallani , JL , Garland , CW and Iannacchione , GS . 2003 . Smectic ordering in liquid-crystal-aerosil dispersions. I. X-ray scattering . Phys. Rev. E , 67 : 011708
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Różański , SA , Sinha , GP and Thoen , J . 2006 . Influence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic aerosil particles on the molecular modes in the liquid crystal 4-n-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl . Liq. Cryst. , 33 : 833 – 840 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang , D and Leheny , RL . 2007 . Smectic liquid crystals in an anisotropic random environment . Phys. Rev. E , 75 : 031705
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellini , T , Clark , NA and Schaefer , DW . 1995 . Dynamic light-scattering study of nematic and smectic-A liquid-crystal ordering in silica-aerogel . Phys. Rev. Lett. , 74 : 2740 – 2743 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu , L , Zhou , B , Garland , CW , Bellini , T and Schaefer , DW . 1995 . Heat-capacity study of nematic-isotropic and nematic-smectic-A transitions for octylcyanobiphenyl in silica aerogels . Phys. Rev. E , 51 : 2157 – 2165 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iannacchione , GS , Mang , JT , Kumar , S and Finotello , D . 1994 . Surface-induced discrete smectic order in the isotropic phase of 12CB in cylindrical pores . Phys. Rev. Lett. , 73 : 2708 – 2711 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leys , J , Sinha , G , Glorieux , C and Thoen , J . 2005 . Influence of nanosized confinements on 4-n-decyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (10CB): A broadband dielectric study . Phys. Rev. E , 71 : 051709
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iannacchione , GS , Crawford , GP , Qian , S , Doane , JW and Finotello , D . 1996 . Nematic ordering in highly restrictive Vycor glass . Phys. Rev. E , 53 : 2402 – 2411 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kralj , S , Cordoyiannis , G , Zidanšek , A , Lahajnar , G , Amenitsch , H , Žumer , S and Kutnjak , Z . 2007 . Presmectic wetting and supercritical-like phase behaviour of octylcyanobiphenyl liquid crystal confined to controlled-pore glass matrices . J. Chem. Phys. , 127 : 154905
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamamoto , J and Tanaka , H . 2001 . Transparent nematic phase in a liquid-crystal-based microemulsion . Nature , 409 : 321 – 325 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caggioni , M , Giacometti , A , Bellini , T , Clark , NA , Mantegazza , F and Maritan , A . 2005 . Pretransitional behaviour of a water in liquid crystal microemulsion close to the demixing transition: Evidence for intermicellar attraction mediated by paranematic fluctuations . J. Chem. Phys. , 122 : 214721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kutnjak , Z , Cordoyiannis , G , Nounesis , G , Lebar , A , Zalar , B and Žumer , S . 2005 . Calorimetric study of phase transitions in a liquid-crystal-based microemulsion . J. Chem. Phys. , 122 : 224709
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denolf , K , Cordoyiannis , G , Glorieux , C and Thoen , J . 2007 . Effect of nonmesogenic impurities on the liquid crystalline phase transitions of octylcyanobiphenyl . Phys. Rev. E , 76 : 051702
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cordoyiannis , G , Kutnjak , Z , Lahajnar , G , Glorieux , C and Thoen , J . 2009 . High-resolution calorimetric investigation of the existence of a nematic phase for the dodecylcyanobiphenyl liquid crystal . to appear in Liq. Cryst. ,
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray , GW and Mosley , A . 1976 . Raman-spectra of 4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl and 4-cyano-4′-pentyl-d11-biphenyl . Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. , 35 : 71 – 81 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perrin , DD , Armarego , WLF and Perrin , DR . 1980 . Purification of Laboratory Chemicals , 2nd , London : Pergamon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Thoen , J . 1999 . “ Experimental methods and typical results. thermal methods. ” . In Handbook of Liquid Crystals , Edited by: Demus , D , Goodby , J , Gray , GW , Spiess , HW and Vill , V . 208 – 232 . Weinheim, , Germany : Wiley-VCH .
   Google Scholar
• Thoen , J . 1995 . Thermal investigations of phase-transitions in thermotropic liquid-crystals . Int. J. Mod. Phys. B , 9 : 2157 – 2218 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marčelja , S . 1973 . End-chain ordering in nematic liquid-crystals . Solid State Commun. , 13 : 759 – 762 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobinata , S , Kobayashi , T , Yoshida , H , Chandati , ADL and Maeda , S . 1986 . Molecular conformation and orientational order in nCB liquid-crystals . J. Mol. Struct. , 146 : 373 – 382 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thoen , J , Cordoyiannis , G and Glorieux , C . 2009 . Investigation of phase transitions in liquid crystals by means of adiabatic scanning calorimetry . to appear in Liq. Cryst. ,
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lushington , KJ , Kasting , GB and Garland , CW . 1980 . Calorimetric study of phase-transitions in the liquid-crystal butuloxybenzylidene octylaniline (4O.8) . J. Phys. (Paris) Lett. , 41 : L419 – L422 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar