Publication Cover
Phase Transitions
A Multinational Journal
Volume 84, 2011 - Issue 2
132
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Analysis of precipitation mechanisms in tempering of low-alloy steels using the kinetic theory of the overlapping transformations

, , &
Pages 179-191 | Received 19 Jul 2010, Accepted 04 Oct 2010, Published online: 04 Jan 2011

References

  • Ham , FS . 1958 . The theory of diffusion-limited precipitation . J. Phys. Chem. Solids , 6 : 335 – 351 .
  • Ham , FS . 1959 . Stress-assisted precipitation on dislocations . J. Appl. Phys. , 30 : 915 – 926 .
  • Christian , JW . 1975 . The Theory of Transformations in Metals and Alloys , 2nd , Oxford : Part I, Pergamon Press .
  • Starink , MJ . 1997 . Kinetic equations for diffusion-controlled precipitation reactions . J. Mater. Sci. , 32 : 4061 – 4070 .
  • Rios , PR , Godiksen , RB , Schmidt , S , Jensen , DJ and Vandermeer , RA . 2006 . Analytical expression for the evolution of interfacial area density between transformed grains during nucleation and growth transformations . Scripta Mater. , 54 : 1509 – 1513 .
  • Tong , WS , Rickman , JM and Barmak , K . 1999 . Quantitative analysis of spatial distribution of nucleation sites: Microstructural implications . Acta Mater. , 47 : 435 – 445 .
  • Vandermeer , RA . 2005 . Microstructural descriptors and the effects of nuclei clustering on recristallization path kinetics . Acta Mater. , 53 : 1449 – 1457 .
  • Rios , PR , Pereira , LO , Oliveira , FF , Assis , WLS and Castro , JA . 2007 . Impingement function for nucleation on non-random sites . Acta Mater. , 55 : 4339 – 4348 .
  • Rios , PR and Villa , E . 2009 . Transformation kinetics for inhomogeneous nucleation . Acta Mater. , 57 : 1199 – 1208 .
  • Wilkes , P . 1968 . The kinetics of alloy carbide formation in ferrite . Met. Sci. , 2 : 8 – 17 .
  • Lai , JKL and Meshkat , M . 1978 . Kinetics of precipitation of X-phase and M23C6 carbide in a cast of type 316 stainless steel . Met. Sci. , 9 : 415 – 420 .
  • Lee , E-S and Kim , YG . 1990 . A transformation kinetic model and its application to Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloys-I. Isothermal conditions . Acta Metall. Mater. , 38 : 1669 – 1676 .
  • Muraleedharan , RV . 1999 . Variation of slope in Avrami plots . Scripta Mater. , 40 : 1367 – 1370 .
  • Morales , EV , Leiva , JV , Villar , CE , Antiquera , MJ and Fadragas , RC . 2005 . Some comments about the Avrami plots . Scr. Mater. , 52 : 217 – 219 .
  • Cahn , JW . 1956 . The kinetics of grain boundary nucleated reactions . Acta Metall. , 4 : 449 – 459 .
  • Bratland , DH , Grong , O , Shercliff , H , Myhr , OR and Tjotta , S . 1997 . Modelling of precipitation reactions in industrial processing . Acta Mater. , 45 : 1 – 21 .
  • Jones , SJ and Bhadeshia , HKDH . 1997 . Kinetics of the simultaneous decomposition of austenite into several transformation products . Acta Mater. , 45 : 2911 – 2920 .
  • Hanawaka , K and Mimura , T . 1984 . Kinetics of precipitation from quenched low carbon steel . Metall. Trans. A , 15 : 1147 – 1153 .
  • Luiggi , NJ and Betancourt , A . 1994 . Multiphase precipitation of carbides in Fe-C system: Part I. Model based upon simple kinetic reactions . Metall. Trans. B , 25 : 917 – 925 .
  • Luiggi , NJ and Betancourt , A . 1994 . Multiphase precipitation of carbides in Fe-C system: Part II. Model based on kinetics of complex reactions . Metall. Trans. B , 25 : 927 – 935 .
  • Luiggi , NJ and Betancourt , A . 1997 . Kinetics of simultaneous two-phase precipitation in the Fe-C system . Metall. Trans. B , 28 : 161 – 168 .
  • Kempen , ATW , Sommer , F and Mittemeijer , EJ . 2002 . Determination and interpretation of isothermal and non-isothermal transformation kinetics; the effective activation energies in terms of nucleation and growth . J. Mater. Sci. , 37 : 1321 – 1332 .
  • Liu , F , Sommer , F and Mittemeijer , EJ . 2004 . An analytical model for isothermal and isochronal transformation kinetics . J. Mater. Sci. , 39 : 1621 – 1634 .
  • Wang , D , Liu , Y , Gao , Z and Zhang , Y . 2008 . A multi-peak transformation kinetics model and its application to the isothermal crystallization of Mg65Cu25Y10 amorphous alloy . J. Non-Cryst. Solids , 354 : 3990 – 3999 .
  • Wang , D , Liu , Y and Zhang , Y . 2008 . Improved analytical model for isochronal transformation kinetics . J. Mater. Sci. , 43 : 4876 – 4885 .
  • Wang , D , Liu , Y , Bao , C , Tan , W and Gao , Z . 2009 . Approaches for isochronal transformation kinetics model and their application to the crystallization of amorphous alloys . Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. , 96 : 721 – 729 .
  • Morales , EV , Galeano , NJ , Leiva , JV , Castellanos , LM , Villar , CE and Hernández , RJ . 2004 . Kinetic theory of the overlapping transformations: Case of the dilatometric method . Acta Mater. , 52 : 1083 – 1088 .
  • Robson , JD . Modelling of carbide and laves phase precipitation in 9–12 wt% chromium steels, Ph.D. diss., University of Cambridge, UK, 1996
  • Wang , Y , Denis , S , Appolaire , B and Archambault , P . 2004 . Modelling of precipitation of carbides during tempering of martensite . J. Phys. IV (France) , 120 : 103 – 110 .
  • Parker , ER . 1977 . Interrelations of compositions, transformation kinetics, morphology, and mechanical properties of alloy steels . Metall. Trans. A , 8 : 1025 – 1042 .
  • Taylor , KA , Olson , GB , Cohen , M and Vander Sande , JB . 1989 . Carbide precipitation during stage I tempering of Fe-Ni-C martensites . Metall. Trans. A , 20 : 2749 – 2765 .
  • Nagakura , S , Hirotsu , Y , Kusunoki , M , Suzuki , T and Nakamura , Y . 1983 . Crystallographic study of the tempering of martensitic carbon steel by electron microscopy and diffraction . Metall. Trans. A , 14 : 1025 – 1031 .
  • Dirand , M and Afqir , L . 1983 . Identification structurale precise des carbures precipites dans les aciers faiblement allies aux divers stades du revenue. Mecanismes de precipitation . Acta Metall. , 31 : 1089 – 1107 .
  • Imai , Y , Ogura , T and Inoue , A . 1973 . Study of the precipitation of χ-carbide in tempered high carbon steel . Trans. ISIJ , 13 : 183 – 191 .
  • Nutting , J . 1969 . The physical metallurgy of alloy steels . J. Iron Steel Inst. , 207 : 872 – 893 .
  • Tekin , E and Kelly , PM . 1965 . Precipitation from iron-base alloys , Edited by: Speich , GR and Clark , JB . 173 – 229 . Warrendale , PA : AIME .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.