NOTES AND REFERENCES
- Freire , Paulo . 1970 . Pedagogy of the Oppressed , Edited by: Ramos , Myra Bergman . 28 New York : Herder & Herder .
- Wiles , Maurice . 1992 . Christian Theology and Inter‐religious Dialogue , 5 7 – 8 . London : SCM . Wiles refers to this dilemma with a brief discussion, but the discussion has developed over a period of centuries and has been quite lively in contemporary discourse. See, for example, Geoffrey Parrinder, The Salvation of Other Men’ in E J Sharpe and J R Hinnels (eds), Man and His Salvation (Manchester Manchester University, 1973)
- Wiles , Maurice . 1992 . Christian Theology and Inter‐religious Dialogue , 64 – 82 . London : SCM . Wiles describes such theology as perspectival, parabolic, and provisional, recognising that theological affirmations in the Christian community, including affirmations about Jesus Christ, contain ‘seriously conflicting features.’ (p.74; cf pp.5‐12). He himself chooses to build theology on the affirmation of ‘Christ as witness to the universal love of God.’ (p.69)
- Race , Alan . 1992 . “ ‘Christ and the Scandal of Particularities’ ” . In Many Mansions: Interfaith and Religious Intolerance , Edited by: Cohn‐Sherbok , Dan . 70 – 72 . London : Bellew Publishing . John Hick has led the way in formulating a pluralist position, and many others have built upon his basic conceptuality. See John Hick, An Interpretation of Religion, London: Macmillan, 1989); John Hick, God Has Many Names, London: Macmillan, 1980). Although Hick's view is basically theocentric, Alan Race has described views of Christ that are fitting to a pluralist position. See, for example
- Pannenburg , Wolfhart . 1990 . “ ‘Religious Pluralism and Conflicting Faith Claims’ ” . In Christian Uniqueness Reconsidered: The Myth of a Pluralistic Theology of Religions , Edited by: D'Costa , Gavin . 103 – 104 . Maryknoll, New York : Orbis .
- Hellwig , Monika K . 1990 . “ ‘Christology in the Wider Ecumenicism’ ” . In Christian Uniqueness Reconsidered: The Myth of a Pluralistic Theology of Religions , Edited by: D'Costa , Gavin . 116 Maryknoll, New York : Orbis .
- Moltmann , Jurgen . 1990 . “ ‘Is “Pluralistic Theology” Useful for the Dialogue of World Religions?’ ” . In Christian Uniqueness Reconsidered: The Myth of a Pluralistic Theology of Religions , Edited by: D'Costa , Gavin . 155 Maryknoll, New York : Orbis .
- Cobb , John B Jr . 1990 . “ ‘Beyond “Pluralism"’ ” . In Christian Uniqueness Reconsidered: The Myth of a Pluralistic Theology of Religions , Edited by: D'Costa , Gavin . 81 92 Maryknoll, New York : Orbis . Cobb believes that most religions make some claim to universal value and, at the same time, teach humility about their own formulations and express some appreciation for other religions. Further, most religions can be enlarged in terms of the norms they use to judge themselves and others, (pp.86‐87)
- Ibid 90
- Ibid 92
- Sanneh , Lamin . 1992 . “ The Universal and the Particular in Muslim‐Christian Dialogue’ ” . In Ecumenical and Interreligious Perspectives: Globalization in Theological Education , Edited by: Richey , Russell E . 91 Nashville : Quarterly Review Books .
- Ibid 95
- Ibid 96
- Ibid 104
- Ibid
- Wesley Ariarajah , S . 1985 . The Bible and People of Other Faiths , 24 Geneva : World Council of Churches .
- Mack , Burton L . 1988 . A Myth of Innocence , 13 Philadelphia : Fortress .
- Ibid Mack adds that ‘the unbelievable concentration of authority upon the figure of Jesus that accrued during this early period is related directly to the quest for legitimation in the face of such competition.’ Even the views of Jesus expressed by different movements of Christianity were ‘correlated with positions taken by the group in the process of distinguishing itself from that form of Judaism experienced as its competitor, as well as from other movements stemming from Jesus.’ Thus, the early shaping of Christianity was done vis a vis movements within Judaism and Christianity
- Rausch , David A . 1984 . A Legacy of Hatred: Why Christians Must Not Forget the Holocaust , 1 Grand Rapids : Baker Book House . Rausch's assumptions about the accessibility of Jesus's attitudes is much different from Burton Mack's. He is drawing upon the Bible as a revelation of Jesus's vision for diverse people, rather than a revelation of diverse communities’ visions of God and the world. The realities of Christian concern for the issues of particularity and pluralism are evident in both, however
- Ibid Rausch develops these ideas by noting that prejudice toward persons outside Christianity was often paralleled by prejudice toward persons within Christianity. For example, Hitler's campaign against the Jews was paralleled with judgements of worth within the white Christian community as well, with the pure Aryans valued over the Slavs, Ukrainians, Poles, and mentally and physically ill (pp.6‐7). Saying this is not a claim for the equality of persecution, but an observation regarding the complex interplay between attitudes directed outside and inside the community
- Williamson , Clark M and Allen , Ronald J . 1991 . The Teaching Minister , 50 – 55 . Louisville : Westminster/John Knox .
- Wesley Ariarajah , S . 1985 . The Bible and People of Other Faiths , 27 Geneva : World Council of Churches .
- Ibid
- Jesu , Jesu . 1989 . The United Methodist Hymnal , 432 Nashville : The United Methodist Publishing House . and in many other hymn books
- Wesley Ariarajah , S . 1985 . The Bible and People of Other Faiths , 30 – 33 . Geneva : World Council of Churches .
- Ibid 30 – 31 .
- Koyama , Kosuke . 1979 . 50 Meditations , 72 – 73 . Maryknoll, New York : Orbis . Kosuke Koyama, a Japanese‐American theologian, is only one among many for whom this tenet is very important. See
- Williamson , Clark M and Allen , Ronald J . 1991 . The Teaching Minister , 79 Louisville : Westminster/John Knox . The double message suggests an uneasy relationship with truth. Truth claims become less important than the demands of love
- Cobb , John B Jr . 1990 . “ ‘Beyond “Pluralism"’ ” . In Christian Uniqueness Reconsidered: The Myth of a Pluralistic Theology of Religions , Edited by: D'Costa , Gavin . 81 90 – 91 . Maryknoll, New York : Orbis .
- Birch , Bruce . 1988 . “ ‘Memory in Congregational Life’ ” . In Congregations: Their Power to Form and Transform , Edited by: Ellis Nelson , C . 20 – 42 . Atlanta : John Knox .
- Ibid 31 – 35 .
- Moltmann , Jurgen . 1990 . “ ‘Is “Pluralistic Theology” Useful for the Dialogue of World Religions?’ ” . In Christian Uniqueness Reconsidered: The Myth of a Pluralistic Theology of Religions , Edited by: D'Costa , Gavin . 155 – 156 . Maryknoll, New York : Orbis .
- Wesley Ariarajah , S . 1985 . The Bible and People of Other Faiths , 1 – 3 . Geneva : World Council of Churches . Wesley Ariarajah's interpretation is fitting here because that which is named in the two creation stories of Genesis includes the whole world as the early Hebrews might have known it
- Ibid 11
- Wimbush , Vincent L , ed. 1990 . Ascetic Behavior in Greco‐Roman Antiquity: A Sourcebook , 2 Minneapolis : Fortress . The readings in the book reinforce the basic thesis of the collection: ‘that ascetic behavior represents a range of responses to social, political, and physical worlds often perceived as oppressive or unfriendly, or as stumbling blocks to the pursuit of heroic personal or communal goals, life styles, and commitments.’ (p.2)
- Hostetler , John A and Huntington , Gertrude Enders . Children in Amish Society: Socialization and Communal Education , 4 – 9 . New York : Holt, Rinehart & Winston, Inc . The separatism and communal disciplines are grounded in Amish theology: ‘An underlying theme in Amish society is a world view conditioned by Christian dualism, that is, a world containing opposites, such as good and evil, light and darkness.’ (p.5) Hostetler and Huntington identify two biblical texts that epitomise the Amish message of separation: ‘Be not conformed to this world, but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind that ye may prove what is that good and acceptable and perfect will of God’ (Romans 12:1) . . . ‘Be ye not unequally yoked together with unbelievers; for what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness? And what communion hath light with darkness?’ (2 Corinthians 6:14) (p.5)
- Ibid 49
- Moltmann , Jurgen . 1990 . The Way of Jesus Christ: Christologyin Messianic Dimensions , 102 London : SCM . He adds, ‘Conversion is life in anticipation of the kingdom of God, on the basis of the prevenience of this kingdom.’ (pp.102‐103)
- Metz , Johann Baptist . 1986 . The Emergent Church , New York : Crossroad . Isabel Carter Heyward, The Redemption of God (Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1982)
- Hull , John M . 1993 . ‘The Place of Christianity in the Curriculum: The Theology of the Department for Education’ , Essex : Hockerill Educational Foundation . Hockerill Lecture (Frinton‐on‐Sea
- Grimmitt , Michael . 1994 . ‘Religious Education and the Ideology of Pluralism’ . British Journal of Religious Education , 16 ( 3 ) : 133 – 147 . Summer
- Knitter , Paul F . 1991 . “ ‘Beyond a Mono‐religious Theological Education’ ” . In Shifting Boundaries , Edited by: Wheeler , Barbara G and Farley , Edward . 160 – 161 . Louisville : Westminster/John Knox .
- Ibid 161
- Badham , Paul . 1992 . “ ‘The Case for Religious Pluralism’ ” . In Many Mansions: Interfaith and Religious Intolerance , Edited by: Cohn‐Sherbok , Dan . 85 London : Bellew Publishing . Badham argues here that personal contact discourages Christians from taking an exclusivist position, makes them more aware of their prejudices, and contributes to understanding
- Ibid 84