Social mobilization and nationalism in multicultural societiesFootnote*

This paper is based upon Chapter 2 of my PhD thesis, ‘Language Decline and Nationalist Resurgence in Wales’, 2 vols (unpublished PhD thesis, 1978, University of Wales).

References

• ADORNO , T. W. 1950 . The Authoritarian Personality , New York : Harper .
   Google Scholar
• AKE , C. 1967 . A Theory of Political Integration , Homewood, Illinois : Dorsey Press .
   Google Scholar
• ALMOND , G. A. and PYE , L. , eds. 1965 . Comparative Political Culture , Princeton : Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• BRASS , P. 1974 . Language, Religion and Politics in North India , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• CONNOR , W. 1972 . ‘Nation‐Building or Nation‐Destroying’ . World Politics , 24 : 319 – 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CONNOR , W. 1978 . ‘A nation is a nation, is a state, is an ethnic group, is a …’ . Ethnic and Racial Studies , 1 ( 4 ) : 377 – 400 .
   Google Scholar
• CONVERSE , P. 1964 . “ ‘The nature of belief systems in mass politics’ ” . In Ideology and Discontent , Edited by: Aptet , David . New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• DEUTSCH , K. W. 1961 . ‘Social mobilization and political development’ . American Political Science Review , LV ( 3 ) : 493 – 514 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DEUTSCH , K. W. 1966 . Nationalism and Social Communication , Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• DEUTSCH , K. W. 1969 . Nationalism and Its Alternatives , New York : Knopf .
   Google Scholar
• DOOB , L. W. 1964 . Patriotism and Nationalism , New Haven : Yale University Press .
   Google Scholar
• EASTON , D. and DENNIS , J. 1969 . Children in the Political System: Origins of Political Legitimacy , New York : McGraw‐Hill .
   Google Scholar
• FISHMAN , J. A. 1972 . Language and Nationalism , Rowley, Mass. : Newbury House .
   Google Scholar
• FORBES , H.D. 1974 . ‘Two approaches to the psychology of nationalism’ . Canadian Review of Studies in Nationalism , 2 ( 1 ) : 172 – 81 .
   Google Scholar
• FROMM , E. 1941 . Escape from Freedom , New York : Avon .
   Google Scholar
• GEERTZ , C. 1967 . “ ‘The integrative revolution: primordial sentiments and civil politics in new states’ ” . In Old Societies and New States: The Quest for Modernity in Asia and Africa , Edited by: Geertz , C. New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• GELLNER , E. 1964 . Thought and Change , London : Weidenfeld and Nicolson .
   Google Scholar
• HESS , D. R. and TORNEY , J. V. 1957 . The Development of Political Attitudes in Children , Chicago : Chicago University Press .
   Google Scholar
• LERNER , D. 1964 . The Passing of Traditional Society , New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• LEVISON , D. J. 1957 . ‘Authoritarian personality and foreign policy’ . Journal of Conflict Resolution , 1 : 37 – 47 .
   Google Scholar
• LIJPHART , A. 1968 . The Politics of Accommodation , Berkeley : University of California Press .
   Google Scholar
• McROBERTS , K. 1974 . ‘Social communication and mass nationalism’ . Canadian Review of Studies in Nationalism , 2 ( 1 ) : 148 – 51 .
   Google Scholar
• MUZAFER , S. 1966 . In Common Predicament: Social Psychology of Intergroup Conflict and Co‐operation , Boston : Little, Brown .
   Google Scholar
• NELDE , P. H. 1981 . ‘Language “contact universals” along the Germanic‐Romanic linguistic border’ . Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development , 2 ( 2 ) : 117 – 26 .
   Google Scholar
• NETTLE , J. P. and ROBERTSON , R. 1966 . ‘Modernization, industrialization or development?’ . British Journal of Sociology , XVII ( 3 ) : 274 – 91 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ORRIDGE , A. and WILLIAMS , C.H. 1982 . ‘Autonomist nationalism: a theoretical framework for spatial variations in its genesis and development’ . Political Geography Quarterly , 1 ( 1 ) : 19 – 39 .
   Google Scholar
• RABUSHKA , A. and SHEPSLE , K. A. 1972 . Politics in Plural Societies: A Theory of Democratic Instability , Columbus, Ohio : Merrill Publishing Co. .
   Google Scholar
• REX , J. 1981 . ‘Race relations and minority groups: some convergences’ . International Social Science Journal , XXXIII ( 2 ) : 351 – 73 .
   Google Scholar
• RIESMAN , D. 1950 . The Lonely Crowd , New Haven : Yale University Press .
   Google Scholar
• RUSTOW , D. A. 1967 . A World of Nations: Problems of Political Modernization , Washington, DC : The Brookings Institution .
   Google Scholar
• SMITH , A. D. 1971 . Theories of Nationalism , London : Duckworth .
   Google Scholar
• SMITH , A. D. 1979 . Nationalism in the Twentieth Century , Oxford : Martin Robertson .
   Google Scholar
• SMITH , A. D. 1981 . The Ethnic Revival , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• SMITH , H. P. and ROSEN , E. W. 1958 . ‘Some psychological correlates of world mindedness and authoritarianism’ . Journal of Personality , 26 : 170 – 83 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TAIFEL , H. 1969 . “ ‘The formation of national attitudes: a social psychological perspective’ ” . In Interdisciplinary Relationships in the Social Sciences , Edited by: Sherif and Sherif . Chicago : Chicago University Press .
   Google Scholar
• THOMAS , C. J. and WILLIAMS , C. H. 1978 . ‘Language and nationalism in Wales’ . Ethnic and Racial Studies , 1 ( 2 ) : 235 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• VAN DEN BERGHE , P. 1978 . ‘Race and ethnicity: a sociobiological perspective’ . Ethnic and Racial Studies , 1 ( 4 ) : 401 – 11 .
   Google Scholar
• VERBA , S. 1965 . “ ‘Conclusion: comparative political culture’ ” . In Political Culture and Political Development , Edited by: Pye , L. W. and Verba , S. Princeton : Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• WATSON , J. K. P. 1980 . ‘Cultural pluralism, nation‐building and educational policies in peninsular Malaysia’ . Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development , 1 ( 2 ) : 155 – 74 .
   Google Scholar
• WILLIAMS , C. H. 1977 . ‘Non‐violence and the development of the Welsh Language Society, 1962–1974’ . Welsh History Review , 8 ( 4 ) : 426 – 55 .
   Google Scholar
• WILLIAMS , C. H. 1978 . ‘Some spatial considerations in Welsh language planning’ . Cambria , 5 ( 2 ) : 171 – 81 .
   Google Scholar
• WILLIAMS , C. H. 1979 . “ ‘An ecological and behavioural analysis of ethno‐linguistic change in Wales’ ” . In Language and Ethnic Relations , Edited by: Giles , H. and Saint‐Jacques , B. Oxford : Pergamon Press .
   Google Scholar
• WILLIAMS , C. H. 1980a . ‘Ethnic separatism in Western Europe’ . Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie , 71 ( 3 ) : 142 – 58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WILLIAMS , C. H. 1980b . ‘Language contact and language change in Wales, 1901–1971: a study in historical geolinguistics’ . Welsh History Review , 10 ( 2 ) : 207 – 38 .
   Google Scholar
• WILLIAMS , C. H. 1981 . “ ‘Identity through autonomy’ ” . In Political Studies from Spatial Perspectives , Edited by: Burnett , A. D. and Taylor , P. 389 – 418 . London : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• WILLIAMS , C. H. , ed. 1982 . National Separatism , Cardiff : University of Wales Press .
   Google Scholar
• WOOD , R. 1979 . ‘National language planning and treatment’ . Word , 30 : 1 – 2 .
   Google Scholar
• YINGER , J. M. 1981 . ‘Towards a theory of assimilation and dissimilation’ . Ethnic and Racial Studies , 4 ( 3 ) : 249 – 64 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YOUNG , C. 1976 . The Politics of Cultural Pluralism , Madison, Wisc. : University of Wisconsin Press .
   Google Scholar
• This paper is based upon Chapter 2 of my PhD thesis, ‘Language Decline and Nationalist Resurgence in Wales’, 2 vols (unpublished PhD thesis, 1978, University of Wales).
   Google Scholar