To be or not to be Indigenous? Understanding the rise of Australia’s Indigenous population since 1971

References

• Alba, Richard. 1990. Ethnic Identity: The Transformation of White America. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• ABS (Australian Bureau of Statistics) 2012. Information Paper: Perspectives on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Identification in Selected Data Collection Contexts. Catalogue No. 4726.0. Canberra, ACT: Australian Bureau of Statistics.
   Google Scholar
• Aveling, N. 2013. “‘Don’t Talk about What You Don’t Know’: On (Not) Conducting Research with/in Indigenous Contexts.” Critical Studies in Education 54 (2): 203–14. doi: 10.1080/17508487.2012.724021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basu, Paul. 2007. Highland Homecomings: Genealogy and Heritage Tourism in the Scottish Diaspora. Oxon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, Bindi. 2015. “Developing Identity as a Light-Skinned Aboriginal Person with Little or No Community and/or Kinship Ties.” Australian Catholic University. http://researchbank.acu.edu.au/theses.
   Google Scholar
• Berger, Peter, Brigette Berger, and Hansfried Kellner. 1973. The Homeless Mind: Modernization and Consciousness. New York: Vintage Books.
   Google Scholar
• Biddle, Nicholas, and Francis Markham. 2018. “Indigenous Identification Change between 2011 and 2016: Evidence from the Australian Census Longitudinal Dataset.” 1. Topical Issue, Canberra.
   Google Scholar
• Bolt, Andrew. 2009a. “It's so hip to be Black.” Herald Sun, April 14. https://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/opinion/its-so-hip-to-be-black/news-story/08d5fe90dfe7b779e3bcbf6b25f710a1?sv=3253694c287cf45f294d720f51da8193.
   Google Scholar
• Bolt, Andrew. 2009b. “White is the New Black.” Herald Sun, April 15. http://blogs.news.com.au/heraldsun/andrewbolt/index.php/heraldsun/comments/column_white_is_the_new_black.
   Google Scholar
• Bolt, Andrew. 2017a. “Choosing to Be Aboriginal.” Herald Sun, July 2. http://www.heraldsun.com.au/blogs/andrew-bolt/choosing-to-be-aboriginal/news-story/9110174ad29849d50a5afdbd6d3888e6.
   Google Scholar
• Bolt, Andrew. 2017b. “Huge Growth in Aborigines. It is Fashionable to Identify?” Herald Sun. http://www.heraldsun.com.au/blogs/andrew-bolt/huge-growth-in-aborigines-is-it-fashionable-to-identify/news-story/efa1b64fd54051dbf368127b73414d4b.
   Google Scholar
• Bond, Chelsea, Mark Brough, and Leonie Cox. 2014. “Blood in Our Hearts or Blood on Our Hands? The Viscosity, Vitality and Validity of Aboriginal 'Blood Talk'“.  International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies 7 (2): 2–14.
   Google Scholar
• Bowden, Denise. 2017. “Submission to the Productivity Commission Inquiry into Horizontal Fiscal Equalisation.” Darwin.
   Google Scholar
• Carlson, Bronwyn. 2016. The Politics of Identity: Who Counts as Aboriginal Today? Canberra, ACT: Aboriginal Studies Press.
   Google Scholar
• Caron-Malenfant, Éric, Simon Coulombe, Eric Guimond, Chantal Grondin, and André Lebel. 2014. “Ethnic Mobility of Aboriginal Peoples in Canada Between the 2001 and 2006 Censuses.” Population 69 (1): 29. doi:10.3917/popu.1401.0029.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cornell, Stephen. 1994. The Return of the Native: American Indian Political Resurgence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cornell, Stephen, and Douglas Hartmann. 2007. Ethnicity and Race: Making Identities in a Changing World. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press.
   Google Scholar
• Curthoys, Ann. 1999. “Expulsion, Exodus and Exile in White Australian Historical Mythology.” Journal of Australian Studies 23 (61): 1–19. doi:10.1080/14443059909387469.
   Google Scholar
• Deloria, Philip. 1998. Playing Indian. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Denholm, Matthew. 2015. “Brawl Over ‘Wannabe’ and ‘Tick-a-Box’ Aborigines.” February 16.
   Google Scholar
• Dillon, Anthony. 2011. “Identifying as Aboriginal Can Hurt.” The Australian.
   Google Scholar
• Dodson, Shannan. 2017. “Too White, Too Black, or Not Black Enough? This is Not a Question for Others to Decide.” The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/jun/09/too-white-too-black-or-not-black-enough-this-is-not-a-question-for-others-to-decide.
   Google Scholar
• Eschbach, Karl. 1993. “Changing Identification among American Indians and Alaska Natives.” Demography 30 (4): 635–652.
   Google Scholar
• Fitzgerald, Kathleen. 2007. Beyond White Ethnicity Developing a Sociological Understanding of Native American Identity Reclamation. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
   Google Scholar
• Frankenberg, Ruth. 1993. White Women, Race Matter: The Social Construction of Whiteness. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gans, Herbert. 1979. “Symbolic Ethnicity: The Future of Ethnic Groups and Cultures in America.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 2 (1): 1–20. doi: 10.1080/01419870.1979.9993248
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garroutte, Eva. 2003. Real Indians: Identity and the Survival of Native America. Oakland, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Giddens, Anthony. 1991. Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Stanford, CA: Standford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Golbeck, Natasha, and Wendy Roth. 2012. “Aboriginal Claims: DNA Ancestry Testing and Changing Concepts of Indigeneity.” In Biomapping Indigenous Peoples: Towards an Understanding of the Issues, edited by Susanne Berthier-Foglar, Sheila Collingwood-Whittick, and Sandrine Tolazzi, 415–432. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
   Google Scholar
• Gray, A., and L. R. Smith. 1983. “The Size of the Aboriginal Population.” Australian Aboriginal Studies 1 (1): 2–9.
   Google Scholar
• Grossman, Michele, and Denise Cuthbert. 1998. “Forgetting Red: Aboriginality in the New Age.” Meanjin 4: 770–88.
   Google Scholar
• Guimond, Eric. 1999. “Ethnic Mobility and the Demographic Growth of Canada's Aboriginal Population from 1986 to 1996.” In Report on the Demographic Situation in Canada, 1998–1999. Ottowa: Statistics Canada.
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton, Graeme. 2017. “Who Gets to Be Metis? As More People Self-Identify, Critics Call out Opportunists.” National Post. http://nationalpost.com/news/canada/who-gets-to-be-metis-as-more-people-self-identify-critics-call-out-opportunists.
   Google Scholar
• Hanegraaff, W. J. 1999. “New Age Spiritualities as Secular Religion: A Historian’s Perspective.” Social Compass 46 (2): 145–60. doi:10.1177/003776899046002004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanson, Pauline. 1997. The Truth: On Asian Immigration, the Aboriginal Question, the Gun Debate and the Future of Australia. Parkholme, SA: St George Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Heelas, Paul. 1999. “De-Traditionalisation of Religion and Self: The New Age and Postmodernity.” In Postmodernity, Sociology and Religion, 64–82. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Heelas, Paul, and Linda Woodhead. 2005. The Spiritual Revolution: Why Religion is Giving Way to Spirituality. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Hitt, Jack. 2005. “The Newest Indians.” The New York Times Magazine, August 21.
   Google Scholar
• Hughey, Matthew. 2012. “Color Capital, White Debt, and the Paradox of Strong White Racial Identities.” Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 9 (1): 169–200. doi: 10.1017/S1742058X11000506
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hume, Lynee. 2000. “The Dreaming in Contemporary Australia.” In Indigenous Religions: A Companion, edited by Graham Harvey, 125–39. London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs, Jane M. 1994. “Western Desires and Indigenous Knowledges.” Meanjin 53 (2): 305–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keeler, Jacqueline. 2015. “The Real Problem With Susan Taffe Reed and Fake Indian Tribes.” Daily Beast, February 10. https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-real-problem-with-susan-taffe-reed-and-fake-indian-tribes.
   Google Scholar
• Kehoe, Alice. 1990. “Primal Gaia: Primitivists and Plastic Medicine Men.” In The Invented Indian: Cultural Fictions and Government Policies, edited by Clinton James, 193–210. New Brunswick, Transaction Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Kelaher, Margaret, Amy Parry, Susan Day, Ying Paradies, Jenny Lawlor, and Lexine Solomon. 2010. Improving the Identification of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People in Mainstream General Practice. Melbourne: The Lowitja Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Kinfu, Yohannes, and John Taylor. 2002. “Estimating the Components of Indigenous Population Change, 1996–2001.” Discussion Paper, Canberra.
   Google Scholar
• Kowal, Emma. 2011. “The Stigma of White Privilege: Australian Anti-racists and Indigenous Improvement.” Cultural Studies 25 (3): 313–333.
   Google Scholar
• Kowal, Emma. 2015. “Trapped in the Gap: Doing Good in Indigenous Australia.”
   Google Scholar
• Kowal, Emma. 2016. “Descent, Classification and Indigeneity in Australia.” In Mixed Race Identities in Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands, edited by Fozdar Farida, and McGavin Kirsten, 19–36. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Kowal, Emma, and Yin Paradies. 2017. “Indigeneity and the Refusal of Whiteness.” Postcolonial Studies 20 (1): 101–117. doi: 10.1080/13688790.2017.1334287
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence, Bonita. 2004. “Real” Indians and Others: Mixed-Blood Urban Native Peoples and Indigenous Nationhood. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
   Google Scholar
• Leroux, Darryl, and Adam Gaudry. 2017. “Becoming Indigenous: The Rise of Eastern Métis in Canada.” The Conversation, October 26. https://theconversation.com/becoming-indigenous-the-rise-of-eastern-metis-in-canada-80794.
   Google Scholar
• Liebler, Carolyn A. 2001. “The Fringes of American Indian Identity.” University of Minnesota.
   Google Scholar
• Liebler, Carolyn, and Timothy Ortyl. 2014. “More than a Million New American Indians in 2000: Who are they?” Demography 51 (3): 1101–1130.
   Google Scholar
• Markham, Francis, and Nicholas Biddle. 2017. “Indigenous Population Change in the 2016 Census”, 2016 Census Paper No. 1. Canberra. ACT: Australia National University, Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research.
   Google Scholar
• Moreton-Robinson, Aileen. 2003. “I Still Call Australia Home : Indigenous Belonging and Place in a White Postcolonising Society.” In Uprootings/ Regrounding: Question of Home and Migration, 23–40. Oxford: Berg Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Morgan, Bob. 2011. Aboriginality and Ientity: Perspectives, Practices and Policies. Stanmore: New South Wales Aboriginal Education Consultative Group.
   Google Scholar
• Muir, Stewart. 2011. “Australian Alternative Spiritualities and a Feeling for Land.” The Australian Journal of Anthropology 22 (3): 370–87. doi:10.1111/j.1757-6547.2011.00151.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulcock, Jane. 2007. “Dreaming the Circle: Indigeneity and the Longing for Belonging in White Australia.” In Transgressions: Critical Australian Indigenous Histories, edited by Ingereth Macfarlane, and Hannah Mark, 63–82. Canberra: ANU EPress.
   Google Scholar
• Nagel, Joane. 1997. American Indian Ethnic Renewal: Red Power and the Resurgence of Identity and Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nash, Catherine. 2008. Of Irish Descent: Origin Stories, Genealogy, and the Politics of Belonging. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, Alondra. 2016. The Social Life of DNA: Race, Reparations, and Reconciliation After the Genome. Boston: Beacon Press.
   Google Scholar
• Noble, Fiona. 1996. “Who Do We Think We Are? People Who Are Learning about Their Aboriginality.” Griffith University, MA thesis.
   Google Scholar
• Painter, Nell Irvin. 2011. The History of White People. New York: W.M Norton & Company.
   Google Scholar
• Passel, Jeffery. 1976. “Provisional Evaluation of the 1970 Census Count of American Indians.” Demography 13 (3): 397–409. doi: 10.2307/2060536
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips, Gregory. 2016. “Aboriginality and Identity.” NITV, May 20. http://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/the-point-with-stan-grant/article/2016/05/20/gregory-phillips-aboriginality-and-dna.
   Google Scholar
• Robinson, Cheryl. 1997. “Effects of Colonisation, Cultural and Psychological, on My Family.” University of Western Sydney.
   Google Scholar
• Roth, Wendy, and Biorn Ivemark. 2018. “Genetic Options: The Impact of Genetic Ancestry Testing on Consumers’ Racial and Ethnic Identities.” American Journal of Sociology 124 (1): 150–184.
   Google Scholar
• St John, Graham. 1997. “Going Feral: Authetica on the Edge of Australian Culture.” The Australian Journal of Anthropology 8 (2): 167–89. doi: 10.1111/j.1835-9310.1997.tb00348.x
   Google Scholar
• Stats, N. Z. 2000. “How is our Maori Population changing?” Stats NZ Archive, November 17. http://archive.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/people_and_communities/maori/maori-population-article-2015.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Sturm, Circe. 2011. Becoming Indian: The Struggle Over Cherokee Identity in the Twenty-First Century. Santa Fe: School for Advanced Research Press.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, Charles. 1991. The Ethics of Authenticity. Boston: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, Andrew, and Lauren Bell. 2012. “The Northern Territory’s Declining Share of Australia’s Indigenous Population: A Call for a Research Agenda.” 201302. Research Brief.
   Google Scholar
• Thomson, David. 2004. Reading Doctors' Writing: Race, Politics and Power in Indigenous Health Research 1870–1969. Canberra, ACT: Aboriginal Studies Press.
   Google Scholar
• Thornton, Russell. 1996. “Tribal Membership Requirements and the Demography of ‘Old’ and ‘New’ Native Americans.” In Changing Numbers, Changing Needs: American Indian Demography and Public Health, edited by G. D. Sandefur, R. R. Rindfuss, and B. Cohen, 103–112. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK233104/.
   Google Scholar
• Torgovnick, Marianna. 1997. Primitive Passions: Men, Women and the Quest for Ecstasy. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
   Google Scholar
• Waters, Mary. 1990. Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in American. Oakland, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Watt, Elizabeth, Emma Kowal, and Shaun Lehman. 2018. “A DNA Test Says you’ve Got Indigenous Australia Ancestry. Now What?” The Conversation, May 13. https://theconversation.com/a-dna-test-says-youve-got-indigenous-australian-ancestry-now-what-95785.
   Google Scholar
• Weinstein, Barbara. 2015. The Color of Modernity: São Paulo and the Making of Race and Nation in Brazil. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Yamanouchi, Yuriko. 2010. “Kinship, Organisations and ‘Wannabes’: Aboriginal Identity Negotiation in South-Western Sydney.” 216–228.
   Google Scholar