1,351
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Broomscapes: racial capitalism, waste, and caste in Indian Railway Stations

ORCID Icon
Pages 235-256 | Received 15 Aug 2020, Accepted 28 Jul 2021, Published online: 18 Aug 2021

References

  • Bledsoe, Adam, Tyler McCreary, and Willie Wright. 2019. “Theorizing Diverse Economies in the Context of Racial Capitalism.” Geoforum. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.07.004.
  • Butt, Waqas H. 2019. “Beyond the Abject: Caste and the Organization of Work in Pakistan’s Waste Economy.” International Labor and Working-Class History 95 (95): 18–33.
  • Butt, Waqas H. 2020. “Accessing Value in Lahore’s Waste Infrastructures.” Ethnos, 1–21.
  • CAG. 2007. “Cleanliness and Sanitation on Indian Railways.” Vol. 2007.
  • CAG. 2017. “Upkeep and Maintenance of Bio-Toilets.” Vol. 2017.
  • Charsley, Simon. 1996. “‘Untouchable’: What Is in a Name ?” The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 2 (1): 1–23.
  • Chaturvedi, Bharati, and Vinay Gidwani. 2011. “The Right to Waste: Informal Sector Recyclers and Struggles for Social Justice in Post-Reform Urban India.” In India’s New Economic Policy: A Critical Analysis, edited by Ahmed Waquar, Kundu Amitabh, and Peet Richard, 125–153. New Delhi: Routledge.
  • Chauhan, C. 2017. “No Water in 60% Toilets Puts Question Mark over Modi Govt’s Swachh Bharat Mission.” Hindustan Times, May 14. https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/no-water-in-60-toilets-built-under-swachh-bharat-mission/story-3rdu1Hv1UZbabYQhb68OTP.html.
  • Das, Purba. 2014. “‘Is Caste Race?’ Discourses of Racial Indianization.” Journal of Intercultural Communication Research 43 (3): 264–282.
  • Dhillon, Amrit. 2021. “‘Untouchable’ Bollywood Poster Provokes Outrage over Caste Stereotypes.” Guardian Online, January.
  • Dillon, Lindsey. 2014. “Race, Waste, and Space: Brownfield Redevelopment and Environmental Justice at the Hunters Point Shipyard.” Antipode 46 (5): 1205–1221.
  • Dirks, Nicholas B. 2001. Castes of Mind. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Doron, Assa, and Ira Raja. 2015. “The Cultural Politics of Shit: Class, Gender and Public Space in India.” Postcolonial Studies 18 (2): 189–207.
  • D’Souza, Paul. 2016. “Clean India, Unclean Indians Beyond the Bhim Yatra.” Economic and Political Weekly 51 (26–27): 22–25.
  • Fields, Barbara. 2001. “Whiteness, Racism, and Identity.” International Labor and Working-Class History 60 (Fall): 43–47.
  • Frantz, Fanon. 1967. Black Skin White Masks. Edited by Charles Lam Markmann. New York: Grove Press.
  • Frantz, Fanon, and Richard Philcox. 2004. The Wretched of the Earth. 1st ed. New York: Grove Press.
  • Fraser, Nancy. 2016. “Expropriation and Exploitation in Racialized Capitalism: A Reply to Michael Dawson.” Critical Historical Studies 3 (1): 163–178.
  • Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand. 1934. “Most Honourable Occupation.” Harijan, January 19.
  • Gans, Herbert J. 2017. “Racialization and Racialization Research.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 40 (3): 341–352.
  • Gatade, Subhash. 2015. “Silencing Caste, Sanitising Oppression.” Economic and Political Weekly L 44: 29–35.
  • Gidwani, Vinay. 2015. “The Work of Waste: Inside India’s Infra-Economy.” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 40 (4): 575–595.
  • Gidwani, Vinay, and Rajyashree N. Reddy. 2011. “The Afterlives of ‘Waste’: Notes from India for a Minor History of Capitalist Surplus.” Antipode 43 (5): 1625–1658.
  • Gilmore, Ruth Wilson. 2002. “Fatal Couplings of Power and Difference: Notes on Racism and Geography.” Professional Geographer 54 (1): 15–24.
  • Gilmore, Ruth Wilson. 2007. The Golden Gulag: Prisons, Surplus, Crisis, and Opposition in Globalizing California. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Glenn, E Nakano. 1991. “Cleaning Up/Kept Down: A Historical Perspective on Racial Inequality in ‘Women’s Work.’” Stanford Law Review 43 (6): 1333–1356.
  • Glenn, E Nakano. 2001. “Gender, Race, and the Organization of Reproductive Labor.” In Critical Study of Work, edited by Rick Baldoz, Charles Koeber, and C Kraft Philip, 71–80. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
  • Goldberg, David Theo. 2009. The Threat of Race. Massachusetts, USA: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Gonzalez-Sobrino, Bianca, and Devon R. Goss. 2019. “Exploring the Mechanisms of Racialization Beyond the Black–White Binary.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 42 (4): 505–510.
  • Gopal, Meena. 2013. “Ruptures and Reproduction in Caste/Gender/Labour.” Economic and Political Weekly 48 (18): 91–97.
  • Guha, Sumit. 2013. Beyond Caste: Identity and Power in South Asia, Past and Present. Leiden: Brill.
  • Gupta, Charu. 2012. “‘Fashioning’ Swadeshi: Clothing Women in Colonial North India.” Economic and Political Weekly 47 (42): 76–84.
  • Harriss-White, Barbara. 2017. “Formality and Informality in an Indian Urban Waste Economy.” International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 37 (7–8): 417–434.
  • Harriss-White, Barbara, and Gilbert Rodrigo. 2016. “Discrimination in the Waste Economy: Narratives from the Waste Workers of a Small Town.” Journal of Social Inclusion Studies 2 (2): 3–27.
  • Harvey, David. 1998. “The Body as an Accumulation Strategy.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 16 (1): 401–421.
  • Jewitt, Sarah. 2011. “Geographies of Shit: Spatial and Temporal Variations in Attitudes Towards Human Waste.” Progress in Human Geography 35 (5): 608–626.
  • Jodhka, Surinder S. 2018. Caste in Contemporary India. Caste in Contemporary India. 2nd ed. London: Routledge.
  • Jodhka, Surinder S., and Ghanshyam Shah. 2010. “Comparative Contexts of Discrimination: Caste and Untouchability in South Asia.” Economic and Political Weekly 45 (48): 99–106.
  • Katz, Cindi. 1996. “Towards Minor Theory.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 14 (4): 487–499.
  • Kirsch, Scott. 2014. “Cultural Geography II : Cultures of Nature (and Technology).” Progress in Human Geography 38 (5): 691–702.
  • Lee, Joel. 2018. “Who Is the True Halalkhor? Genealogy and Ethics in Dalit Muslim Oral Traditions.” Contributions to Indian Sociology 52 (1): 1–27.
  • Leong, Nancy. 2013. “Racial Capitalism.” Harvard Law Review 126 (8): 2151–2226.
  • Loomba, Ania. 2016. “Race and the Possibilities of Comparative Critique.” New Literary History 40 (3): 501–522.
  • Lowe, Lisa. 2015. The Intimacies of Four Continents. North Carolina: Duke University Press.
  • McClintock, Anne. 1995. Imperial Leather. New York: Routledge.
  • McFarlane, Colin, and Jonathan Silver. 2017a. “Infrastructure, ‘Seeing Sanitation’ and the Urban Political in an Era of Late Neoliberalism.” In The Urban Political: Ambivalent Spaces of Late Neoliberalism, edited by Theresa Enright and Ugo Rossi, 123–143. Cham: Springer International Publishing AG.
  • McFarlane, Colin, and Jonathan Silver. 2017b. “The Political City: ‘Seeing Sanitation’ and Making the Urban Political in Cape Town.” Antipode 49 (1): 125–148.
  • Menon, Nivedita. 2019. “Marxism, Feminism and Caste in Contemporary India.” In Racism After Apartheid, edited by Vishwas Satgar, 137–156. Johannesburg: Wits University Press.
  • Millington, Nate, and Mary Lawhon. 2018. “Geographies of Waste: Conceptual Vectors from the Global South.” Progress in Human Geography 43 (6): 1044–1063.
  • Ministry of Railways. 2015. “Report of the Committee for Mobilization of Resources for Major Railway Projects and Restructing of Railway Ministry and Railway Board.” New Delhi.
  • Ministry of Railways. 2019. “Implementation of Swachh Rail, Swachh Bharat Programme.” Press Information Bureau. https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1576177.
  • Ministry of Social Justice. 2013. “Standing Committee on Social Justice and Empowerment.” Vol. 32 Report. New Delhi.
  • Mosse, David. 2013. “Christianity and Dalit Struggle.” In The Saint in the Banyan Tree, 169–202. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Mosse, David. 2018. “Caste and Development: Contemporary Perspectives on a Structure of Discrimination and Advantage.” World Development 110: 422–436.
  • Ngo, Helen. 2017. The Habits of Racism: A Phenomenology of Racism and Racialized Embodiment. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books.
  • Omi, Michael, and Howard Winant. 1994. Racial Formation in the US: From the 1960s to the 1990s. New York: Routledge.
  • Prashad, Vijay. 2000. Untouchable Freedom: A Social History of a Dalit Community. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
  • Pulido, Laura. 2017. “Geographies of Race and Ethnicity II: Environmental Racism, Racial Capitalism and State-Sanctioned Violence.” Progress in Human Geography 41 (4): 524–533.
  • Ramaswamy, Gita. 2005. India Stinking: Manual Scavengers in Andhra Pradesh and Their Work. Chennai: Navayana.
  • Rao, Anupama. 2009. The Caste Question. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Rao, Anupama. 2012. “Stigma and Labour: Remembering Dalit Marxism.” Seminar 633 (May): 23–27.
  • Robinson, Cedric J. 1983. Black Marxism: The Making of the Black Radical Tradition. North Carolina: University of North Carolina Press.
  • Rodrigues, Valerian. 2002. “Annihilation of Caste.” In The Essential Writing of B.R. Ambedkar, edited by Valerian Rodrigues. 1st ed., 263–305. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
  • Sagar. 2017. “Swachh Bharat Is Focused On Using Latrines That People Won’t Use: An Interview With Diane Coffey.” Caravan Online Edition, July. https://caravanmagazine.in/vantage/interview-diane-coffey.
  • Shah, Ghanshyam, Harsh Mander, Sukhdeo Thorat, Satish Deshpande, and Amita Baviskar. 2006. Untouchability in Rural India. New Delhi: SAGE Publications India.
  • Sreeraj, T. K. 2018. “‘Swachh Bharat Is A Publicity Stunt’. Why This Dalit BJP MP Refused To Hold A Broom.” Indian Express, October 3. http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=https://www-proquest-com.libproxy.lib.unc.edu/newspapers/swachh-bharat-is-publicity-stunt-why-this-dalit/docview/2115974957/se-2?accountid=14244.
  • Star, Susan Leigh. 2010. “This Is Not a Boundary Object: Reflections on the Origin of a Concept.” Science Technology and Human Values 35 (5): 601–617.
  • Teltumbde, Anand. 2010. The Persistence of Caste. London: Zed Books.
  • Teltumbde, Anand. 2014. “No Swachh Bharat Without Annihilation of Caste.” Economic and Political Weekly XLIX 45: 11–12.
  • Thorat, Amit, and Omkar Joshi. 2015. “The Continuing Practice of Untouchability in India: Patterns and Mitigating Influences.” India Human Development Survey Working Paper.
  • Thorat, Sukhadeo, and Katherine S. Neuman. 2012. Blocked by Caste: Economic Discrimination in Modern India. Edited by Sukhadeo Thorat and Katherine S. Neuman. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
  • Vasudevan, Pavithra. 2019. “An Intimate Inventory of Race and Waste.” Antipode 53 (3): 770–790.
  • Vālmīki, Omaprakāśa, and Arun Prabha Mukherjee. 2003. Joothan: A Dalit’s Life. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Viswanath, Rupa. 2014. The Pariah Problem: Caste, Religion, and the Social in Modern India. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Wankhede, Asang. 2017. “The Pot, Broom And Battle of Koregaon: Its Significance and The Rattling Rhetoric.” CounterCurrents.Org. December. https://countercurrents.org/2017/12/pot-broom-battle-koregaonits-significance-rattling-rhetoric/.
  • Wilson, Bezwada. 2019. “Safai Karmachari Andolan.” In The Right to Sanitation In India, edited by Philippe Cullet, Sujith Koonan, and Lovleen Bhullar, 287–298. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
  • Zimring, Carl. 2016. “Dirty Work, Dirty Workers.” In Clean and White : A History of Environmental Racism in the United States, 109–136. New York: New York University Press.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.