819
Views
16
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The pillars of well-constructed simulated patient programs: A qualitative study with experienced educators

, , &

References

  • Amano H, Sano T, Gotoh K, Kakuta S, Suganuma T, Kimura Y, Tsukasaki H, Miyashita H, Okano T, Goto N, et al. 2004. Strategies for training standardized patient instructors for a competency exam. J Dent Educ. 68:1104–1111.
  • Black SA, Nestel DF, Horrocks EJ, Harrison RH, Jones N, Wetzel CM, Wolfe JHN, Kneebone RL, Darzi AW. 2006. Evaluation of a framework for case development and simulated patient training for complex procedures. Simul Healthc. 1:66–71.
  • Bokken L, Van Dalen J, Rethans J. 2004. Performance-related stress symptoms in simulated patients. Med Educ. 38:1089–1094.
  • Bokken L, Van Dalen J, Rethans J. 2006. The impact of simulation on people who act as simulated patients: a focus group study. Med Educ. 40:781–786.
  • Bouter S, van Weel-Baumgarten E, Bolhuis S. 2013. Construction and validation of the Nijmegen Evaluation of the Simulated Patient (NESP): assessing simulated patients' ability to role-play and provide feedback to students. Acad Med. 88:253–259.
  • Braun V, Clarke V. 2006. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol. 3:77–101.
  • Cantillon P, Stewart B, Haeck K, Bills J, Ker J, Rethans J. 2010. Simulated patient programmes in Europe: collegiality or separate development? Med Teach. 32:e106–e110.
  • Chee J. 2014. Clinical simulation using deliberate practice in nursing education: a Wilsonian concept analysis. Nurse Educ Pract. 14:247–252.
  • Cheng A, Palaganas J, Eppich W, Rudolph J, Robinson T, Grant V. 2015. Co-debriefing for simulation-based education: a primer for facilitators. Simul Healthc. 10:69–75.
  • Cleland JA, Abe K, Rethans J. 2009. The use of simulated patients in medical education: AMEE Guide No 42. Med Teach. 31:477–486.
  • Cleland JA, Patey R, Thomas I, Walker K, O'Connor P, Russ S. 2016. Supporting transitions in medical career pathways: the role of simulation-based education. Adv Simul. 1:14.
  • Dirkx JM, Prenger SM. 1997. A guide for planning and implementing instruction for adults: a theme-based approach. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
  • Dudley F. 2012. The simulated patient handbook. Milton Keynes: Radcliffe Publishing.
  • Eikeland-Husebø S, O'Regan S, Nestel D. 2015. Reflective practice and its role in simulation. Clin Simul Nurs. 11:368–375.
  • Fanning RM, Gaba DM. 2007. The role of debriefing in simulation-based learning. Simul Healthc. 2:115–125.
  • Gaba DM. 2007. The future vision of simulation in healthcare. Simul Healthc. 2:126–135.
  • Hansen EC. 2006. Successful qualitative health research: a practical introduction. Sydney (Australia): Allen and Unwin.
  • Howley LD, Gliva-McConvey G, Thornton J. 2009. Standardized patient practices: initial report on the survey of US and Canadian medical schools. Med Educ Online. 14:7.
  • Issenberg SB, McGaghie WC, Petrusa ER, Gordon DL, Scalese RJ. 2005. Features and uses of high-fidelity medical simulations that lead to effective learning: a BEME systematic review. Med Teach. 27:10–28.
  • Ker JS, Dowie A, Dowell J, Dewar G, Dent JA, Ramsay J, Benvie S, Bracher L, Jackson C. 2005. Twelve tips for developing and maintaining a simulated patient bank. Med Teach. 27:4–9.
  • Kolb DA. 1984. Experiential learning: experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs (NJ): Prentice Hall.
  • May W, Park JH, Lee JP. 2009. A ten-year review of the literature on the use of standardized patients in teaching and learning: 1996–2005. Med Teach. 31:487–492.
  • McGaghie WC, Issenberg SB, Barsuk JH, Wayne DB. 2014. A critical review of simulation-based mastery learning with translational outcomes. Med Educ. 48:375–385.
  • McGaghie WC, Issenberg SB, Cohen ER, Barsuk JH, Wayne DB. 2011. Does simulated-based medical education with deliberate practice yield better results than traditional clinical education? A meta-analytic comparative review of the evidence. Acad Med. 86:706.
  • Meier RS, Perkowski LC, Wynne CS. 1982. A method for training simulated patients. J Med Educ. 57:535–540.
  • Motola I, Devine LA, Chung HS, Sullivan JE, Issenberg SB. 2013. Simulation in healthcare education: a best evidence practical guide. AMEE Guide No. 82. Med Teach. 35:e1511–e1530.
  • Nestel D, Bearman M. 2015a. Introduction to simulated patient methodology. In: Simulated patient methodology: theory, evidence, and practice. Sussex: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Nestel D, Bearman M, editors. 2015b. Simulated patient methodology: theory, evidence and practice. Oxford: Wiley Blackwell.
  • Nestel D, Groom J, Eikeland-Husebø S, O'Donnell JM. 2011. Simulation for learning and teaching procedural skills. Simul Healthc. 6:S10–S13.
  • Nestel D, Kidd J. 2005. Peer assisted learning in patient-centred interviewing: the impact on student tutors. Med Teach. 27:439–444.
  • Nestel D, Morrison T, Pritchard SA. 2015. Scope of contemporary simulated patient methodology. In: Simulated patient methodology: theory, evidence and practice. London (UK): Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Nestel D, Tabak D, Tierney T, Layat-Burn C, Robb A, Clark S, Morrison T, Jones N, Ellis R, Smith C, et al. 2011. Key challenges in simulated patient programs: an international comparative case study. BMC Med Educ. 11:69.
  • Nestel D, Watson MO, Bearman ML, Morrison T, Pritchard SA, Andreatta PB. 2013. Strategic approaches to simulation-based education: a case study from Australia. J Health Spec. 1:4–12.
  • Newlin-Canzone ET, Scerbo M, Gliva-McConvey G, Wallace AM. 2013. The cognitive demands of standardized patients: understanding limitations in attention and working memory with the decoding of nonverbal behavior during improvisations. Simul Healthc. 8:207–214.
  • Nieman LZ, Thomas R. 1987. Training and evaluating teams of simulated patients. South Med J. 80:1164–1167.
  • O'Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, Reed DA, Cook DA. 2014. Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations. Acad Med. 89:1245–1251.
  • Patton M. 1990. Qualitative evaluation and research methods. Beverly Hills (CA): Sage.
  • Plaskin J, Nicholson J, Kundrod S, Zabar S, Kalet A, Altshuler L. 2016. The benefits and risks of being a standardized patient: a narrative review of the literature. Patient. 9:15–25.
  • Pritchard SA, Blackstock FC, Nestel D, Keating JL. 2016. Simulated patients in physical therapy education: systematic review and meta-analysis. Phys Ther. 96:1342–1353.
  • Schlegel C, Bonvin R, Rethans J, van der Vleuten C. 2016. Standardized patients' perspectives on workplace satisfaction and work-related relationships: a multicenter study. Simul Healthc. 11:278–285.
  • Schlegel C, Woermann U, Rethans J, van der Vleuten C. 2012. Validity evidence and reliability of a simulated patient feedback instrument. BMC Med Educ. 12:6.
  • Smith C, Edlington TL, Lawton R, Nestel D. 2015. The dramatic arts and simulated patient methodology. In: Simulated patient methodology: theory, evidence and practice. Oxford (UK): Wiley Blackwell.
  • Society for Simulation (SSH). 2012. Society for Simulation in Healthcare Committee for Certification of Healthcare Simulation Educators. SSH Certified Healthcare Simulation Educator Handbook.
  • Taylor DCM, Hamdy H. 2013. Adult learning theories: Implications for learning and teaching in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 83. Med Teach. 35:e1561–e1572.
  • Walker S, Armstrong KJ, Jarriel AJ. 2011. Standardized patients, part 4: training. Int J Athl Ther Train. 16:29–33.
  • Wallace P. 2006. Coaching standardized patients for use in the assessment of clinical competence. New York: Springer Publishing Company.
  • Wind LA, Van Dalen J, Muijtjens AM, Rethans JJ. 2004. Assessing simulated patients in an educational setting: the MaSP (Maastricht Assessment of Simulated Patients). Med Educ. 38:39–44.
  • Zabar S, Kachur EK, Kalet A, Hanley K, editors. 2013. Objective structured clinical examinations: 10 steps to planning and implementing OSCEs and other standardized patient exercises. New York: Springer.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.