Incidence of resident mistreatment in the learning environment across three institutions

References

• Association of American Medical Colleges. 2018. Medical School Graduation Questionnaire 2018 All Schools Summary Report.
   Google Scholar
• Billings ME, Lazarus ME, Wenrich M, Curtis JR, Engelberg RA. 2011. The effect of the hidden curriculum on resident burnout and cynicism. J Grad Med Educ. 3(4):503–510.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Binder R, Friedli A, Fuentes-Afflick E. 2015. Preventing and managing unprofessionalism in medical school faculties. Acad Med. 90(4):442–446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buery-Joyner SD, Ryan MS, Santen SA, Borda A, Webb T, Cheifetz C. 2019. Beyond mistreatment: learner neglect in the clinical teaching environment. Med Teach. 41(8):949–955.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bynum WE, Lindeman B. 2016. Caught in the middle: a resident perspective on influences from the learning environment that perpetuate mistreatment. Acad Med. 91(3):301–304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castillo-Angeles M, Watkins AA, Acosta D, Frydman JL, Flier L, Garces-Descovich A, Cahalane MJ, Gangadharan SP, Atkins KM, Kent TS. 2017. Mistreatment and the learning environment for medical students on general surgery clerkship rotations: What do key stakeholders think? Am J Surg. 213(2):307–312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caulfield M, Litsch T, Trainer M. 2019. AAMC update: AAMC student surveys. Presented at AAMC Southern and Central Group on Student Affairs.
   Google Scholar
• Cook AF, Arora VM, Rasinski KA, Curlin FA, Yoon JD. 2014. The prevalence of medical student mistreatment and its association with burnout. Acad Med. 89(5):749–754.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dzau VJ, Johnson PA. 2018. Ending sexual harassment in academic medicine. N Engl J Med. 379(17):1589–1591.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB, Hu Y-Y, Johnson JK, Merkow RP, Yang AD, Potts JRI, Hoyt DB, Buyske J, Bilimoria KY. 2019. An empirical national assessment of the learning environment and factors associated with program culture. Ann Surg. 270(4):585.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellis S, Purkiss J, Abdoler E, Opaskar A, Mangrulkar RS, Kolars JC, Santen SA. 2019. Variability in student perceptions of mistreatment. Clin Teach. 16(2):142–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fnais N, Soobiah C, Chen MH, Lillie E, Perrier L, Tashkhandi M, Straus SE, Mamdani M, Al-Omran M, Tricco AC. 2014. Harassment and discrimination in medical training: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acad Med. 89(5):817–827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fried JM, Vermillion M, Parker NH, Uijtdehaage S. 2012. Eradicating medical student mistreatment: a longitudinal study of one institution's efforts. Acad Med. 87(9):1191–1198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gan R, Snell L. 2014. When the learning environment is suboptimal: exploring medical students’ perceptions of “mistreatment”. Acad Med. 89(4):608–617.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruppen LD, Irby DM, Durning SJ, Maggio LA. 2019. Conceptualizing learning environments in the health professions. Acad Med. 94(7):969–974.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruppen LD, Simpson D, Searle NS, Robins L, Irby DM, Mullan PB. 2006. Educational fellowship programs: common themes and overarching issues. Acad Med. 81(11):990–994.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu Y-Y, Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB, Yang AD, Cheung EO, Moskowitz JT, Potts JR, Buyske J, Hoyt DB, Nasca TJ, et al. 2019. Discrimination, abuse, harassment, and burnout in surgical residency training. N Engl J Med. 381(18):1741–1752.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jennings ML, Slavin SJ. 2015. Resident wellness matters: optimizing resident education and wellness through the learning environment. Acad Med. 90(9):1246–1250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson PA, Widnall SE. 2018. Sexual harassment of women: climate, culture, and consequences in academic sciences, engineering, and medicine [Internet]. [accessed 2019 May 7]. https://www.nap.edu/catalog/24994/sexual-harassment-of-women-climate-culture-and-consequences-in-academic.
   Google Scholar
• Karani R, Fromme HB, Cayea D, Muller D, Schwartz A, Harris IB. 2014. How medical students learn from residents in the workplace: a qualitative study. Acad Med. 89(3):490–496.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larsson C, Hensing G, Allebeck P. 2003. Sexual and gender-related harassment in medical education and research training: results from a Swedish survey. Med Educ. 37(1):39–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucey C, Levinson W, Ginsburg S. 2016. Medical student mistreatment. JAMA. 316(21):2263–2264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Making The Case For The Chief Wellness Officer In America’s Health Systems. 2019 [accessed 2019 Jul 10]. https://www.healthaffairs.org/do/10.1377/hblog20181025.308059/full/.
   Google Scholar
• Mavis B, Sousa A, Lipscomb W, Rappley MD. 2014. Learning about medical student mistreatment from responses to the medical school graduation questionnaire. Acad Med. 89(5):705–711.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayo Foundation for Medical Ed. and Research v. United States, 562 U.S. 44 2010. Justia Law [Internet]. [accessed 2019 Jul 10]. https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/562/44/.
   Google Scholar
• Mazer LM, Bereknyei Merrell S, Hasty BN, Stave C, Lau JN. 2018. Assessment of programs aimed to decrease or prevent mistreatment of medical trainees. JAMA Netw Open. 1(3):e180870. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6324298/.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musselman LJ, MacRae HM, Reznick RK, Lingard LA. 2005. 'You learn better under the gun': intimidation and harassment in surgical education. Med Educ. 39(9):926–934.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross PT, Abdoler E, Flygt L, Mangrulkar RS, Santen SA. 2018. Using a modified A3 lean framework to identify ways to increase students' reporting of mistreatment behaviors. Acad Med. 93(4):606–611.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheehan K, Sheehan DV, White K, Leibowitz A, Baldwin DC. Jr. 1990. A pilot study of medical student “'abuse'. Student perceptions of mistreatment and misconduct in medical school”. JAMA. 263(4):533–537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silver HK. 1982. Medical students and medical school. JAMA. 247(3):309–310.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slavin SJ, Chibnall JT. 2017. Mistreatment of medical students in the third year may not be the problem. Med Teach. 39(8):891–893.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith-Coggins R, Prober CG, Wakefield K, Farias R. 2017. Zero tolerance: Implementation and evaluation of the stanford medical student mistreatment prevention program. Acad Psychiatry. 41(2):195–199.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone L, Phillips C, Douglas KA. 2019. Sexual assault and harassment of doctors, by doctors: a qualitative study. Med Educ. 53(8):833–843.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stratton TD, McLaughlin MA, Witte FM, Fosson SE, Nora LM. 2005. Does students’ exposure to gender discrimination and sexual harassment in medical school affect specialty choice and residency program selection? [Report]. Acad Med. 80(4):400–408.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swick M. 2000. Toward a normative definition of professionalism. Acad Med. 75:612–616.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ulusoy H, Swigart V, Erdemir F. 2011. Think globally, act locally: understanding sexual harassment from a cross-cultural perspective. Med Educ. 45(6):603–612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss KB, Co JPT, Bagian JP. 2018. Challenges and opportunities in the 6 focus areas: CLER national report of findings 2018. J Grad Med Educ. 10(4 Suppl):25–48.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar