Metacognition in oral health education: A pedagogy worthy of further exploration

References

• Callan GL, Marchant GJ, Finch WH, German RL. 2016. Metacognition, strategies, achievement, and demographics. Educ Sci Theory Pract. 16(5):1485–1502.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colbert CY, Graham L, West C, White BA, Arroliga AC, Myers JD, Ogden PE, Archer J, Mohammad ZTA, Clark J. 2015. Teaching metacognitive skills: helping your physician trainees in the quest to 'know what they don’t know. Am J Med. 128(3):318–324. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.11.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conlon KE, Brewer LE. 2018. Improving metacognition with pre-and post-exam reflection exercises (academic advising). Teach Metacogn. 2:16–19.
   Google Scholar
• Cook E, Kennedy E, McGuire SY. 2013. Effect of teaching metacognitive learning strategies on performance in general chemistry courses. J Chem Educ. 90(8):961–967. doi:10.1021/ed300686h.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coskun K, Oksuz Y, Baba M, Ici A, Akturk M. 2011. Education online: can the children really recognize names of letters. [accessed 2022 July 1]. http://www.leeds.ac.uk/bei/Education-line/browse/ allitems/204075.html. Hong 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Dennis JL, Somerville MP. 2022. Supporting thinking about thinking: examining the metacognition theory-practice gap in higher education. High Educ. 86(1):99–117. doi:10.1007/s10734-022-00904-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dweck C. 2012. Mindsets and human nature: promoting change in the middle east, the schoolyard, the racial divide and willpower. Am Psychol. 67(8):614–622. doi:10.1037/a0029783.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Education Endowment Foundation. 2019. [accessed 2020 September 1]. https://educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/education-evidence/guidance-reports/metacognition.
   Google Scholar
• Eichbaum QG. 2014. Thinking about thinking and emotion: the metacognitive approach to the medical humanities that integrates the humanities with the basic and clinical sciences. Perm J. 18(4):64–75. doi:10.7812/TPP/14-027.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Entwistle NJ, Ramsden P. 1983. Understanding student learning. London: Croom Helm.
   Google Scholar
• Flavell JH. 1976. Metacognitive aspects of problem solving. In: L Resnick, editor. The nature of intelligence. Hillsdale (NJ): Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Fonteyn ME, Cahill M. 1998. The use of clinical logs to improve nursing student’s metacognition: a pilot study. J Adv Nurs. 28(1):149–154. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.1998.00777.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardner WL, Avolio BJ, Luthans F, May DR, Walumbwa F. 2005. “Can you see the real me?” A self-based model of authentic leader and follower development. Leadership Quarterly. 16(3):343–372. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.03.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GDC General Dental Council. 2015. Preparing for practice. [accessed 2020 May 20]. https://www.gdc-uk.org/docs/default-source/quality-assurance/preparing-for-practice-(revised-2015).pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Goldup W, Osler C. 2000. The dyslexic child at home and school. In: J Townend, J Turner, editors. Dyslexia in practice: a guide for teachers. London: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Green J, Rasmussen K. 2018. Becoming a dentist: faculty perceptions of student experiences with threshold concepts in a Canadian dental program. Can Med Ed J. 9(4):e102–110. doi:10.36834/cmej.43351.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Higgs J, Jones M, Loftus S, Christensen C. 2008. Factors influencing clinical decision-making. Clinical reasoning in the health professions. 2nd ed. New York: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Hong WV, Vadivelu J, Daniel EG, Sim JH. 2015. Thinking about thinking: changes in first year medical students’ metacognition and its relation to performance. Med Educ Online. 20(1):27561. doi:10.3402/meo.v20.27561.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hook C, Comer R, Trombly R, Guinn J, Shrout M. 2002. Treatment planning processes in dental schools. J Dent Educ. 66(1):68–74. doi:10.1002/j.0022-0337.2002.66.1.tb03509.x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lai NM, Teng CL. 2011. Self-perceived competence correlates poorly with objectively measured competence in evidence based medicine among medical students. BMC Med Educ. 11(1):25. doi:10.1186/1472-6920-11-25.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lai ER. 2011. Metacognition: a literature review. Pearson Assessment Research Reports. [accessed 2019 July 19]. https://psychcorp.pearsonassessments.com/hai/images/tmrs Metacognition_Literature_Review_Final.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Limeri LB, Carter NT, Choe J, Harper HG, Martin HR, Benton A, Dolan EL. 2010. Growing a growth mindset: characterizing how and why undergraduate students’ mindsets change. IJ STEM Ed. 7(1):35. doi:10.1186/s40594-020-00227-2.
   Google Scholar
• Marton F. 1986. Phenomenography – a research approach investigating different understandings of reality. J Thought. 21:28–49.
   Google Scholar
• Mays N, Pope C. 1995. Qualitative research rigour and qualitative research. BMJ. 311(6997):109–112. doi:10.1136/bmj.311.6997.109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGleenon E, Morison S. 2021. Preparing dental students for independent practice: a scoping review of methods and trends in undergraduate clinical skills teaching in the UK and Ireland. Br Dent J. 230(1):39–45. doi:10.1038/s41415-020-2505-7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGuire SY, McGuire S. 2015. Teach students how to learn. Strategies you can incorporate into any course to improve student metacognition, study skills, and motivation. Sterling (VA): Stylus Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Medina MS, Castleberry AN, Persky AM. 2017. Strategies for improving learner metacognition in health professional education. Am J Pharm Educ. 81(4):78. doi:10.5688/ajpe81478.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muijs D, Bokhove C. 2020. Metacognition and self-regulation: evidence review: Education Endowment Foundation. [accessed 2022 July 20]. https://bep.education/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Metacognition_and_self-regulation_review.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Nendaz M, Perrier A. 2012. Diagnostic errors and flaws in clinical reasoning: mechanisms and prevention in practice. Swiss Med Wkly. 142(13706):1–9.
   Google Scholar
• Norris M, Gimber P. 2013. Developing nursing students’ metacognitive skills using social technology. Teach Learn Nurs. 8(1):17–21. doi:10.1016/j.teln.2012.09.003.
   Google Scholar
• Nothnagle M, Anandarajah G, Goldman RE, Reis S. 2011. Struggling to be self-directed: residents’ paradoxical beliefs about learning. Acad Med. 86(12):1539–1544. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e3182359476.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pate ML, Miller G. 2011. Effects of regulatory self-questioning on secondary-level students’ problem-solving performance. JAE. 52(1):72–84. doi:10.5032/jae.2011.01072.
   Google Scholar
• Ray M, Milston A, Doherty P, Crean S. 2018. In their own words: investigating the preparedness of final year dental students in the UK for independent general dental practice. Br Dent J. 225(4):340–349. doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.646.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider EF, Castleberry AN, Vuk J, Stowe CD. 2014. Pharmacy students’ ability to think about thinking. Am J Pharm Educ. 78(8):148. doi:10.5688/ajpe788148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schraw G. 1998. Promoting general metacognitive awareness. Instruct Sci. 26(1/2):113–125. doi:10.1023/A:1003044231033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen CY, Liu HS. 2011. Metacognitive skills development: a web based approach in higher education. Turk Online J Educ Technol. 10(2):140–150.
   Google Scholar
• Sin S. 2010. Considerations of quality in phenomenographic research. Int J Qual Meth. 9(4):305–319. doi:10.1177/160940691000900401.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sjostrom B, Dahlgren LO. 2002. Applying phenomenography in nursing research. J Adv Nurs. 40(3):339–345. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2002.02375.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanner KD. 2012. Feature approaches to biology teaching and learning. Promoting student metacognition. CBE Life Sci Educ. 11(2):113–120. doi:10.1187/cbe.12-03-0033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarricone P. 2011. The taxonomy of metacognition. NY: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tavakol M, Sandars J. 2014. Quantitative and qualitative methods in medical education research: AMEE Guide No 90: part II. Med Teach. 36(9):746–756. doi:10.3109/0142159X.2014.915298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor DS, Janzen KM, Walton AM, Nisly SA. 2017. Assessment of learner metacognition in a professional pharmacy elective course. Am J Pharm Educ. 81(10):6034. article 6034. doi:10.5688/ajpe6034.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tipton P. 2014. Back to basics. Private dentistry. 61–62. [accessed 2020 May 1]. http://tiptontraining.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Pg61-62-PD.pdf.
   Google Scholar