REFERENCES
- AlbermARLE Report . 1960 . Youth Service in England and Wales , London : Ministry of Education . Cmnd 929
- Altarf . 1984 . Challenging Racism , London : All London Teachers Against Racism and Fascism .
- Ball , S. , ed. 1984 . Comprehensive Schooling: a reader , Lewes : Falmer Press .
- Barker , M. 1981 . The New Racism , London : Junction Books .
- Berkshire , L.F.A. 1983 . Education for Racial Equality , Berkshire : Berkshire LEA . policy paper 1; General Policy, policy paper 2; Implications: Policy Paper 3; Support
- Bernstein , B. 1970 . “ A critique of the concept of compensatory education ” . In Education for Democracy , Edited by: Rubenstein , D. and Stoneman , C. London : Penguin .
- Bernstein , B. 1971 . “ A sociolinguistic approach to socialisation: with some reference to educability ” . In 1971 Directions in Sociolinguislics , Edited by: Hymes , I. and Gumperz , J. London : Holt Reinhart & Winston .
- Bernstein , B. and Davies , B. 1969 . “ Some sociological comments on Plowden ” . In Perspectives on Plowden, , Edited by: Peters , R.S. 55 – 83 . London : Routledgc & Kegan Paul .
- Bone , M. and ROSS , E. 1972 . Youth Seivice and Similar provision for Young People , London : Office of Population and Census Statistics), for the DES .
- Bowles , S. and Gintis , H. 1976 . Schooling in Capitalist America , London : Routlcdgc & Kcgan Paul .
- Bradford LEA . 1982 . “ ) (Local Administrative Memorandum 2/82) Education for a Multicultural Society, ” . In (1983) Racial Behaviour in Schools , Bradford : Bradford LEA . (LAM 6/83)
- Braham , P. and Rhodes , E. 1981 . Discrimination and Disadvantage in Employment , Edited by: Pearn , M. London : Harper & Row .
- Brent Lea . 1983 . Education fora Multicultural Democracy , London : Brent LEA .
- Brittan , E. 1976 . Multiracial education, teacher opinions . Educational Research , 182 : 96 – 107 .
- Brown , C. 1984 . Black and White Britain, Third PSI Survey , London : Heinemann .
- Carby , H. 1981 . Multicultural Fictions , University of Birmingham . CCCS Occasional paper
- Carby , H. 1982 . “ Schooling in Babylon ” . In The Empire Strikes Back, , Edited by: CCCS . 183 – 211 . London : Hutehinson .
- Cashmore , E. and Troyna , B. 1982 . Black Youth in Crisis , London : Allen & Unvin .
- Central Advisory Council for Education (England) . 1954 . Early learning , HMSO : London .
- Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies . 1981 . Unpopular Education , London : Hutchinson .
- Coates , D. and Sllburn , R. 1970 . Poverty: the forgotten Englishman , London : Penguin .
- Cochrane , R. and Billig , M. 1984 . I'm not National Front myself, but. . . New Society , 17 May : 255 – 258 .
- Cohen , S. 1971 . Images of Deviance , London : Penguin .
- Cohen , S. 1972 . Folk Devils and Moral Panics , London : MacGibban & Kee .
- Commission for Racial Equality (Nottingham) . 1980 . Half a Chance , London : CRE .
- Commission for Racial Equality . 1980 . Youth in Multiracial Society , London : CRE .
- Commission for Racial Equality . 1984 . Racial Equality and the Youth Training Scheme , London : CRE .
- Committee of Inquiry into the Education of Children from Ethnic Minority Groups (Rampton Committee) . 1981 . West Indian Children in our Schools (Interim Report) , London : HMSO . Cmnd 8723
- Committee of Inquiry into the Education of Children from Ethnic Minority Groups (Swann Committee) . 1985 . Education for All , London : HMSO . Cmnd 9453
- Cox , C.B. and Dyson , A.E. , eds. 1969 . Black Paper Two: the crisis in education , London : Critical Quarterly Society .
- Cox , C.B. and Boyson , R. , eds. 1971 . Black Paper , London : Davis & Poynter . 1971
- Cox , C.B. and Boyson , R. , eds. 1977 . Black Paper , London : Temple Smith . 1977
- Craft , M. and Craft , A. 1983 . The participation of ethnic minority pupils in further and higher education . Educational Research , 251 : 10 – 19 .
- Cross , M. 1982 . “ The manufacture of marginality ” . In Black Youth in Crisis, , Edited by: Cashmore , E. and Troyna , B. 35 – 52 . London : Allen & Unwin .
- Crowther Report . 1959 . 15 to 18 Central Advisory Council for Education (England) , London : HMSO .
- Dale , R. 1981 . Education and the State , London : Falmer Press .
- Department of Education and Science . 1985 . Better Schools , London : HMSO . Cmnd 9469
- Douglas , J.W.B. 1964 . The Home and the School , London : MacGibbon & Kee .
- Dummett , A. 1985 . In the Shadows of Understanding Institutional Racism , Oxford : Third World First . Links 21
- Dunn , D. 1984 . Black youth and YTS . Multiracial Education , 11 (3) : 7 – 22 .
- Edwards , V. 1984 . “ Language Issues in schools ” . In (1979) Education and Cultural Pluralism: the West Indian language issue in British schools, , Edited by: Craft , M. 79 – 93 . London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
- Fevre , R. 1984 . Cheap Labour and Racial Discrimination , Aldershot : Gower .
- Flew , A. 1984a . Education, Race and Revolution , London : Centre for Policy Studies .
- Flew . 1984b . The race relations industry . The Salisbury Review , Winter : 24 – 27 .
- Fletcher , R. 1961 . Issues in education . The Plain View , : 26
- Flude , M. 1974 . “ Sociological accounts of differential education attainment ” . In Educability, Schools and Ideology , Edited by: Flude , M. and Ahier , J. 15 – 52 . London : Croom Helm .
- German , R.A. The commission for Racial Equality and antiracist teaching . paper presented to conference, Geography and Education for a multicultural society: context and curriculum . March 29 . London : University Institute of Education .
- GILL , O. 1977 . Luke Street , Basingstoke : Macmillan .
- Grace , G. 1978 . Teachers, Ideology and Control , London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
- Grace , G. 1984 . Education and the City , London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
- Gutzmore , C. 1983 . Capital, black youth and crime . Race and Class , 25 : 89 – 93 .
- Hall , S. and Jefferson , T. , eds. 1975 . Resistance through Rituals , London : Hutchison .
- Hall , S. 1978 . Policing the Crisis , London : Macmillan .
- Hall , S. 1980 . Teaching race . Multiracial Education , 9 : 3 – 13 .
- Hall , S. 1983 . “ Education in Crisis ” . In Is there Anyone Here from Education, , Edited by: Wolpe , A.M. and Donald , J. 2 – 10 . London : Pluto Press .
- Halsey , A.H. , ed. 1972 . Educational Priority, Volume I: EPA problems and policies , London : HMSO . (DES/SSRC)
- Halsey , A.H. 1980 . Origins and Destinations , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
- Hargreaves , D.H. 1967 . Social Relations in a Secondary School , London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
- Hatcher , R. 1985 . On education for racial equality . Multiracial Education , 13 : 30 – 46 .
- Hatcher , R. and Shallice , J. 1983 . The politics of antiracist education . Multiracial Education , 12 : 3 – 21 .
- Hebdige , D. 1979 . Subculture: the meaning of style , London : Methuen .
- Home Affairs Committee . 1981 . “ Fifth Report ” . In Racial Disadvantage , London : HMSO .
- Home Office . 1981 . Racial Attacks , London : Home Office .
- Honeyford , R. 1984 . Educational and race: an alternative view . The Salisbury Review , Winter : 30 – 32 .
- Husbands , C. 1983 . Racial exclusionism and the city: the urban support for the National Front , London : Allen & Unwin .
- Ingleby Report . 1960 . Children and Young Persons, 1956‐60 , London : HMSO . Cmnd 1191
- Inner London Education Authority . 1983a . Race, Sex and Class 3, A Policy for Equality: race , London : ILEA .
- Ilea . 1983b . Race, Sex and Class, Anti‐racist Statement and Guidelines , London : ILEA .
- Ilea . 1985 . Race, Sex and Class 6. A Policy for Equality: sex , London : ILEA .
- Jackson , B. 1964 . Streaming: an education system in miniature , London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
- James , A. 1979 . Why language matters . Multiracial School , 5 : 2 – 9 .
- James , A. 1983 . Whats wrong with multicultural education? . New Community , 10 : 225 – 231 .
- Jeffcoate , R. 1984a . Ethnic Minorities and Education , London : Harper & Row .
- Jeffcoate , R. 1984b . “ Ideologies and multicultural education ” . In Education and Cultural Pluralism, , Edited by: Craft , M. 161 – 187 . Lewes : Falmer Press .
- Jones , J. 1974 . “ Birmingham: priority area playgroups and daycare centres ” . In Preschool Priorities, , Edited by: Midwinter , E. 13 – 28 . London : Wardlock Educational .
- Jones , K. 1983 . Beyond Progressive Education , Basingstoke : Macmillan .
- Joshi , S. and Carter , B. 1985 . The role of labour in the creation of a racist Britain . Race and Class , 25 : 53 – 70 .
- Joshua , H. and Fisher , G. 1982 . “ Social policy and black youth ” . In Black Youth in Crisis , Edited by: Cashmore , E. and Troyna , B. London : Allen & Unwin .
- Joshua , H. and Wallace , T. 1984 . To Ride the Storm , London : Heinemann Educational .
- Howell , R. and Airey , C. 1985 . British Social Attitudes, Social Trends , London : HMSO . 1985
- Lea , J. and Young , J. 1982 . Urban violence and political marginalisation . Critical Social Policy , 1 : 59 – 69 .
- Lee , G. and Wrench , J. 1983 . “ A subtle hammering—young black people and the labour market ” . In Racism, School and the Labour Market , Edited by: Troyna , B. and Smith , D. Leicester : National Youth Bureau .
- Lee , G. and Wrench , J. 1984 . Routes into segmented youth labour markets . International Journal of Social Economics , 11 ( 7 ) : 77 – 89 .
- Manchester LEA . 1982 . Institutional Policy on Racism, 1985, antiracist education policy statement , Manchester : Manchester Lea .
- Marable , M. 1984 . Race, Reform and Rebellion: the second reconstruction in black America 1945‐1982 , Basingstoke : Macmillan .
- Massey , D. 1984 . Spatial Divisions of labour , Basingstoke : Macmillan .
- Midwinter , E. no date . Education: a priority area , London : NUT .
- Midwinter , E. 1972 . Priority Education , London : Penguin .
- Miles , R. 1982 . Racism and Migrant Labour , London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
- Miles , R. 1984 . “ Racialisation ” . In Dictionary of Race and Ethnic Relations, , Edited by: Cashmore , E.E. 223 – 225 . London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
- Miles , R. and Phizacklea , A. 1984 . White Mans Country , London : Pluto Press .
- Ministry of Education . 1964 . Report of Working Party on Schools’ Curricula and Examinations , London : Ministry of Education .
- Morell , T. 1984 . “ Policy for schools in Inner London ” . In Education and the City, , Edited by: Grace , G. 195 – 209 . London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
- Morrison , A. and McIntyre , D. 1971 . Schools and Socialisation , London : Penguin .
- Mullard , C. 1984 . Anti‐Racist Education: the three O's , Cardiff : National Association for Multiracial Education .
- National Union of Teachers . 1981 . Combatting Racialism in Schools , London : NUT .
- Newsom Report . 1963 . Half our Future Central Advisory Council for Education (England) , London : HMSO .
- OMI , M. and Winant , H. 1983 . By the Rivers of Babylon: race in the United States, Part I . Socialist Review , 71 : 31 – 65 .
- Part 2 . Socialist Review , 72 35 – 65 .
- Pearce , S. 1985 . Education and the multi‐racial Society London Monday Club Policy Paper no 1R4
- Plowden Report . 1967 . Children and their Primary Schools , London : HMSO . Central Advisory Council for Education (England)
- Racial Equality in Traininc Schemes . 1985 . YTS or White TS3 , Coventry : REITs .
- Reeves , F. 1983 . British Racial Discourse , London : Cambridge University Press .
- Reeves , F. and Chevannes , M. 1981 . The underachievement of Rampton . Multiracial Education , 10 : 35 – 45 .
- Reeves , F. and Chevannes , M. 1983 . The ideological construction of black underachievement . Multiracial Education , 12 : 22 – 41 .
- Robbins Report . 1963 . Higher Education , London : HMSO . Cmnd 2154
- Roberts , K. , Noble , M. and Duggan , J. 1983 . “ Young black and out of work ” . In Racism, School and the Labour Market , Edited by: Troyna , B. and Smith , D. Leicester : National Youth Bureau .
- Scarman Report . 1981 . The Brixton Disorders 10‐12 April 1981 , London : HMSO . Cmnd 8427
- Scruton , R. 1984 . The enemy in the classroom . The Times , 22 May : 14
- Scruton , R.O. 1985 . The paths blocked by antiracists . The Times , 16 April : 14
- Searle , C. 1977 . The World in a Classroom , London : Writers and Readers Publishing Company .
- Searle , C. 1984 . Towards an anti‐imperialist education . Teaching London Kids ,
- Sheffield LEA . 1984 . Education in Multicultural Sheffield, 1985, Antiracist Strategy for Sheffield Schools , Sheffield : Sheffield LEA . draft discussion document
- Simon , B. 1984 . Breaking school rules . Marxism Today , September : 19 – 25 .
- Sivanandan , A. 1982 . A Different Hunger , London : Pluto Press .
- Sivanandan , A. 1983 . Challenging racism: strategies for the 1980s . Race and Class , 25 : 1 – 11 .
- Sivanandan , A. 30 June 1985a . Talk to the Asian Teachers Association 30 June , Birmingham
- Sivanandan , A. 1985b . RAT and the degradation of the black struggle . Race and Class , 26 : 1 – 33 .
- Solomos , J. Problems, but whose problems? . paper given to the Political Studies Association Annual Conference . University of Southampton .
- Solomos , J. 1983 . The Politics of Black Youth Unemployment , Birmingham : Research Unit on Ethnic Relations, University of Aston . Working Papers in Ethnic Relations no. 20
- Solomos , J. Racism, urban conflict and industrial restructuring: the changing context of class formation in the 1980s . Paper given to the 5th Urban Change and Conflict Conference . University of Sussex .
- Steingberg , S. 1981 . The Ethnic Myth , New York : Atheneium .
- Straker‐Welds , M. , ed. 1984 . Education for a Multicultural Society: case studies in ILEA schools , London : Bell & Hyman .
- Taylor , M. 1981 . Caught Between , Slough : NFER Nelson .
- Tierney , J. 1982 . Race, Migration and Schooling , London : Holt, Rinehart & Winston .
- Tomlinson , S. 1980 . The Educational Performance of Ethnic Minority Children . New Community , 8 : 213 – 34 .
- Troyna , B. 1984 . Fact or artefact? The educational underachievement of black pupils . British Journal of Sociology of Education , 5 : 153 – 166 .
- Troyna , B. and Ball , W. 1985a . Styles of LEA policy intervention in multicultural/antiracist education . Educational Review , 37 : 165 – 173 .
- Troyna , B. and Ball , W. 1985b . Views from the challk face: school responses to an LEAs multicultural education policy , Coventry : University of Warwick . Policy Papers on Ethnic Relations
- Troyna , B. and Williams , J. 1985 . Racism, Education and the State , London : Croom Helm .
- W'ellman , D. 1977 . Portraits of White Racism , London : Cambridge University Press .
- Willey , R. 1984 . Race, Equality and Schools , London : Mcthuen .
- Williams , J. 1967 . “ The younger generation ” . In Race Community and Conflict, , Edited by: Rex , J. and Moore , R. 230 – 257 . Oxford : Oxford University Press .
- Williams , J. 1984 . From institutional racism to anti‐racism: the relationship between theories, policies and practices , University of Aston . unpublished MSC thesis,
- Williams , J. 1985 . Redefining institutional racism theoretical, empirical and political issues . Ethnic and Racial Studies , 8 : 323 – 348 .
- Williams , J. and Carter , R. forthcoming . “ Attacking racism in education ” . In Racial Inequality in Education , Edited by: Troyna , B. London : Tavistock .
- Williams , R. 1961 . The Eong Revolution , London : Penguin .
- Willis , P. 1983 . “ Cultural production and theories of reproduction ” . In Race, Class and Education, , Edited by: Barton , L. and Walker , S. 109 – 138 . Beckenham : Croom Helm .