117
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Monitoring snowmelt across the Arctic forest–tundra ecotone using Synthetic Aperture Radar

, , &
Pages 4347-4370 | Received 16 Nov 2005, Accepted 01 Apr 2005, Published online: 22 Feb 2007

References

  • Andersson , N. Å. , Callaghan , T. V. and Karlsson , P. S. 1996 . The Abisko Scientific Research Station. . Ecological Bulletins , 45 : 11 – 14 .
  • Baghdadi , N. , Gauthier , Y. and Bernier , M. 1997 . Capability of multitemporal ERS‐1 SAR data for wet snow cover mapping. . Remote Sensing of Environment , 60 : 174 – 186 .
  • Baghdadi , N. , Livingstone , C. E. and Bernier , M. 1998 . Airborne C‐band SAR measurements of wet snow‐covered areas. . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 36 : 1977 – 1981 .
  • Balzter , H. , Baker , J. R. , Hallikainen , M. and Tomppo , E. 2002 . Retrieval of timber volume and snow water equivalent over a Finnish boreal forest from airborne polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar. . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 23 : 3185 – 3208 .
  • Barber , D. G. and Ledrew , E. F. 1994 . Modeling Synthetic‐Aperture Radar (SAR) scattering from a seasonally varying snow‐covered sea‐ice volume at 5.3 and 9.25 Ghz. . Polar Research , 13 : 35 – 54 .
  • Basist , A. , Williams , C. , Grody , N. , Ross , T. F. , Shen , S. , Chang , A. T. C. , Ferraro , R. and Menne , M. J. 2001 . Using the special sensor microwave imager to monitor surface wetness. . Journal of Hydrometeorology , 2 : 297 – 308 .
  • Bayer , T. , Winter , R. and Schreier , G. 1991 . Terrain influences in SAR backscatter and attempts to their correction. . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 29 : 451 – 462 .
  • Bernier , M. and Fortin , J. 1998 . The potential of time series of C‐band SAR data to monitor dry and shallow snow cover. . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 36 : 226 – 243 .
  • Billings , W. D. and Bliss , L. C. 1959 . An alpine snowbank environment and its effects on vegetation, plant development, and productivity. . Ecology , 40 : 388 – 390 .
  • Bowman , W. D. 1992 . Inputs and storage of nitrogen in winter snowpack in an alpine ecosystem. . Arctic and Alpine Research , 24 : 211 – 215 .
  • Capstick , D. and Harris , R. 2001 . The effects of speckle reduction on classification of ERS SAR data. . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 22 : 3627 – 3641 .
  • Christiansen , H. H. 2001 . Snow‐cover depth, distribution and duration data from northeast Greenland obtained by continuous automatic digital photography. . Annals of Glaciology , 32 : 102 – 108 .
  • Cubasch , U. , Meehl , G. A. , Boer , G. J. , Stouffer , R. J. , Dix , M. , Noda , A. , Senior , C. A. , Raper , S. and Yap , K. S. 2001 . “ Projections of future climate change. ” . In Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis—Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Edited by: Houghton , J. T , Ding , Y , Griggs , D. J , Noguer , M , van der Linden , P. J , Dai , X , Maskell , K and Johnson , C. A . (IPCC)
  • Dean , A. M. 2003 . “ Vegetation, topography and snow melt at the forest–tundra ecotone in Arctic Europe: an investigation using Synthetic Aperture Radar. ” . PhD thesis, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, UK
  • Denoth , A. 1994 . An electronic device for long term snow wetness recording. . Annals of Glaciology , 19 : 104 – 106 .
  • Drinkwater , M. R. and Crocker , G. B. 1988 . Modeling changes in the dielectric and scattering properties of young snow‐covered sea ice at GHz frequencies. . Journal of Glaciology , 34 : 274 – 282 .
  • Fily , M. , Dedieu , J. P. and Surdyk , S. 1995 . A SAR image study of a snow covered area in the French Alps. . Remote Sensing of Environment , 51 : 253 – 262 .
  • Fung , A. K. 1994 . Microwave Scattering and Emission Models and their Applications , Bosten, MA : Artech House .
  • Goering , D. J. , Chen , H. , Hinzman , L. D. and Kane , D. L. 1995 . Removal of terrain effects from SAR satellite imagery of Arctic tundra. . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 33 : 185 – 194 .
  • Gottfried , M. , Pauli , H. and Grabherr , G. 1998 . Prediction of vegetation patterns at the limits of plant life: a new view of the alpine‐nival ecotone. . Arctic and Apline Research , 30 : 207 – 221 .
  • Goyal , S. K. , Seyfried , M. S. and O'Neill , P. E. 1998 . Effect of digital elevation model resolution on topographic correction of airborne SAR. . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 19 : 3075 – 3096 .
  • Green , R. O. , Eastwood , M. L. , Sarture , C. M. , Chrien , T. G. , Aronsson , A. , Chippendale , B. J. , Faust , J. A. , Pavri , B. E. , Chovit , C. J. , Solis , M. S. , Olah , M. R. and Williams , O. 1998 . Imaging spectroscopy and the Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS). . Remote Sensing of Environment , 65 : 227 – 248 .
  • Guneriussen , T. 1997 . Backscattering properties of a wet snow cover derived from DEM corrected ERS‐1 SAR data. . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 18 : 375 – 392 .
  • Harding , R. , Kuhry , P. , Christensen , T. R. , Sykes , M. T. , Dankers , R. and van der Linden , S. 2002 . Climate feedbacks at the tundra‐taiga interface. . Ambio, Special Report , 12 : 47 – 55 .
  • Hinkler , J. , Pedersen , S. B. , Rasch , M. and Hansen , B. U. 2002 . Automatic snow cover monitoring at high temporal and spatial resolution, using images taken by a standard digital camera. . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 23 : 4669 – 4682 .
  • Huntley , B. , Baxter , R. , Bradshaw , R. H. W. , Cramer , W. , Dean , A. M. , Eronen , M. , Evans , S. P. , Hofgaard , A. , Hulme , P. E. , Hytteborn , H. , Molau , U. , Oksanen , L. , Olofsson , J. , SÆlthun , N.‐R. , Seppä , H. , Sjögersten , S. , Thomas , C. J. , Venevski , S. and Wookey , P. A. 2003 . “ DART: dynamic response of the forest–tundra ecotone to environmental change. ” . Brussels : European Commission . Final Report. Volume 1—Scientific Report
  • Josberger , E. G. and Mognard , N. M. 2002 . A passive microwave snow depth algorithm with a proxy for snow metamorphism. . Hydrological Processes , 16 : 1557 – 1568 .
  • Kaplan , J. O. 2001 . “ Geophysical applications of vegetation modelling. ” . Department of Ecology, Lund University
  • Kasischke , E. S. , Melack , J. M. and Dobson , M. C. 1997 . The use of imaging radars for ecological applications—a review. . Remote Sensing of Environment , 59 : 141 – 156 .
  • Koh , G. and Jordan , R. 1995 . Subsurface melting in a seasonal snow cover. . Journal of Glaciology , 41 : 474 – 482 .
  • Koskinen , J. T. , Pulliainen , J. and Hallikainen , M. T. 1997 . The use of ERS‐1 SAR data in snow melt monitoring. . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 35 : 601 – 610 .
  • Koskinen , J. T. , Metsamaki , S. , Grandell , J. , Janne , S. , Matikainen , L. and Hallikainen , M. 1999 . Snow monitoring using radar and optical satellite data. . Remote Sensing of Environment , 69 : 16 – 29 .
  • Laur , H. , Bally , P. , Meadows , P. , Sanchez , J. , Schaettler , B. , Lopinto , E. and Esteban , D. 1998 . ERS SAR Calibration: Derivation of the Backscattering Coefficient in ESA ERS SAR PRI Products (ESA Publications Division)
  • Magagi , R. and Bernier , M. 2003 . Optimal conditions for wet snow detection using RADARSAT SAR data. . Remote Sensing of Environment , 84 : 221 – 233 .
  • Myneni , R. B. , Keeling , C. D. , Tucker , C. J. , Asrar , G. and Nemani , R. R. 1997 . Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991. . Nature , 386 : 698 – 702 .
  • Nagler , T. and Rott , H. 2000 . Retrieval of wet snow by means of multitemporal SAR data. . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 38 : 754 – 765 .
  • Pereg , D. and Payette , S. 1998 . Development of black spruce growth forms at the treeline. . Plant Ecology , 138 : 137 – 147 .
  • Pomeroy , J. W. , Toth , B. , Granger , R. J. , Hedstrom , N. R. and Essery , R. L. H. 2003 . Variation in surface energetics during snowmelt in a subarctic mountain catchment. . Journal of Hydrometeorology , 4 : 702 – 719 .
  • Pulliainen , J. and Hallikainen , M. 2001 . Retrieval of regional snow water equivalent from space‐borne passive microwave observations. . Remote Sensing of Environment , 75 : 76 – 85 .
  • Rees , W. G. 1999 . The Remote Sensing Data Book , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Rees , W. G. and Steel , A. M. 2001 . Radar backscatter coefficients and snow detectability for upland terrain in Scotland. . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 22 : 3015 – 3026 .
  • Rees , W. G. , Brown , I. A. , Mikkola , K. , Virtanen , T. and Werkman , B. 2002 . How can the dynamics of the tundra‐taiga boundary be remotely monitored? . Ambio, Special Report , 12 : 56 – 62 .
  • Rott , H. 1984 . The analysis of backscattering properties from SAR data of mountain regions. . IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering , OE‐9 : 347 – 355 .
  • Rott , H. and Mätlzer , C. 1987 . Possibilities and limits of synthetic aperture radar for snow and glacier surveying. . Annals of Glaciology , 9 : 195 – 199 .
  • Rott , H. and Nagler , T. 1992 . “ Snow and glacier investigations by ERS‐1 SAR. ” . In First ERS‐1 Symposium 577 – 582 . Cannes, France (Frascati, Italy: ESA)
  • Serreze , M. C. , Walsh , J. E. , Chapin , F. S. , Osterkamp , T. , Dyurgerov , M. , Romanovsky , V. , Oechel , W. C. , Morison , J. , Zhang , T. and Barry , R. G. 2000 . Observational evidence of recent change in the northern high‐latitude environment. . Climate Change , 46 : 159 – 207 .
  • Shi , J. C. and Dozier , J. 1997 . Mapping seasonal snow cover with SIR‐C/X‐SAR in mountainous areas. . Remote Sensing of Environment , 59 : 294 – 307 .
  • Sjogersten , S. and Wookey , P. A. 2002 . Spatio‐temporal variability and environmental controls of methane fluxes at the forest–tundra ecotone in the Fennoscandian mountains. . Global Change Biology , 8 : 885 – 894 .
  • Tiuri , M. E. , Sihvola , A. H. , Nyfors , E. G. and Hallikaiken , M. T. 1984 . The complex dielectric constant of snow at microwave frequencies. . IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering , 9 : 377 – 382 .
  • Ulaby , F. T. , Moore , R. K. and Fung , A. K. 1982 . Microwave Remote Sensing Fundamentals and Radiometry , London, UK : Addison‐Wesley Publishing Company .
  • Ulaby , F. T. , Moore , R. K. and Fung , A. K. 1986 . From Theory to Application, Vol. 3, Microwave Remote Sensing: Active and Passive , London, UK : Addison‐Wesley Publishing Company .
  • Walker , D. A. , Halfpenny , J. C. , Walker , M. D. and Wessman , C. A. 1993 . Long‐term studies of snow–vegetation interactions. . Bioscience , 43 : 287 – 301 .
  • Walker , M. D. , Walker , D. A. , Welker , J. M. , Arft , A. M. , Bardsley , T. , Brooks , P. D. , Fahnestock , J. T. , Jones , M. H. , Losleben , M. , Parsons , A. N. , Seastedt , T. R. and Turner , P. L. 1999 . Long‐term experimental manipulation of winter snow regime and summer temperature in arctic and alpine tundra. . Hydrological Processes , 13 : 2315 – 2330 .
  • Way , J. , Rignot , E. , McDonald , K. C. , Oren , R. , Kwok , R. , Bonan , G. , Dobson , M. C. , Viereck , L. A. and Roth , J. E. 1994 . Evaluating the type and state of Alaska taiga forests with imaging radar for use in ecosystem models. . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 32 : 353 – 370 .
  • Way , J. , Paris , J. , Kasischke , E. S. , Slaughter , C. , Viereck , L. , Christensen , N. , Dobson , M. C. , Ulaby , F. T. , Richards , J. , Milne , A. , Sieber , A. , Ahern , F. J. , Simonett , D. , Hoffer , R. R. , Imhoff , M. L. and Weber , J. 1990 . The effect of changing environmental conditions on microwave signatures of forest ecosystems: preliminary results of the March 1988 Alaskan aircraft SAR experiment. . International Journal of Remote Sensing , 11 : 1119 – 1144 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.