Road network extraction: a neural-dynamic framework based on deep learning and a finite state machine

References

• Barsi, A., and C. Heipke. 2003. “Artificial Neural Networks for the Detection of Road Junctions in Aerial Images.” International Archives of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 34 (3/W8): 113–118.
   Google Scholar
• Bastien, F., P. Lamblin, R. Pascanu, J. Bergstra, I. Goodfellow, A. Bergeron, N. Bouchard, D. Warde-Farley, and Y. Bengio. 2012. “Theano: New Features and Speed Improvements.” NIPS 2012 Deep Learning Workshop, Lake Tahoe, November 23.
   Google Scholar
• Chai, D., W. Forstner, and F. Lafarge. 2013. “Recovering Line-Networks in Images by Junction-Point Processes.” 2013 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Portland, OR, June 23–28, 1894–1901. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2013.247.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, Y., Z. Lin, X. Zhao, G. Wang, and Y. Gu. 2014. “Deep Learning-Based Classification of Hyperspectral Data.” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 7 (6): 2094–2107. doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2014.2329330.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, J., W. Ding, X. Ku, and J. Sun. 2012. “Road Extraction from High-Resolution SAR Images via Automatic Local Detecting and Human-Guided Global Tracking.” International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012: 1–10. doi:10.1155/2012/989823.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciresan, D., U. Meier, and J. Schmidhuber. 2012. “Multi-Column Deep Neural Networks for Image Classification.” 2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Providence, RI, June 16–21, 3642–3649. doi:10.1109/CVPR.2012.6248110.
   Google Scholar
• Coburn, C. A., and A. C. B. Roberts. 2004. “A Multiscale Texture Analysis Procedure for Improved Forest Stand Classification.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 25 (20): 4287–4308. doi:10.1080/0143116042000192367.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Da Silva, C. R., and J. A. S. Centeno. 2012. “Semiautomatic Extraction of Main Road Centrelines in Aerial Images Acquired over Rural Areas.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 33 (2): 502–516. doi:10.1080/01431161.2010.540589.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das, S., T. T. Mirnalinee, and K. Varghese. 2011. “Use of Salient Features for the Design of a Multistage Framework to Extract Roads from High-Resolution Multispectral Satellite Images.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 49 (10): 3906–3931. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2011.2136381.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Der, R., G. Martius, and R. Pfeifer. 2012. The Playful Machine: Theoretical Foundation and Practical Realization of Self-Organizing Robots. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media.
   Google Scholar
• Gang, L., A. Jinliang, and C. Chen. 2011. “Automatic Road Extraction from High-Resolution Remote Sensing Image Based on Bat Model and Mutual Information Matching.” Journal of Computers 6 (11): 2417–2426.
   Google Scholar
• Gerl, T. M., H. Kreibich, and M. Bochow. 2003. “Urban Structure Mapping using High-Resolution Remote Sensing Data for Modelling Flood Losses in Dresden, Germany.” EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts 15: 679.
   Google Scholar
• Haklay, M., and P. Weber. 2008. “Openstreetmap: User-Generated Street Maps.” IEEE Pervasive Computing 7 (4): 12–18. doi:10.1109/MPRV.2008.80.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, C., Z.-X. Liao, F. Yang, X.-P. Deng, and M.-S. Liao. 2012. “Road Extraction from SAR Imagery Based on Multiscale Geometric Analysis of Detector Responses.” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 5 (5): 1373–1382. doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2012.2219614.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henaff, M., K. Jarrett, K. Kavukcuoglu, and L. Yann. 2011. “Unsupervised Learning of Sparse Features for Scalable Audio Classification.” International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference 11: 681–686.
   Google Scholar
• Hinton, G. E., and R. R. Salakhutdinov. 2006. “Reducing the Dimensionality of Data with Neural Networks.” Science 313 (5786): 504–507. doi:10.1126/science.1127647.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, J., A. Razdan, J. C. Femiani, M. Cui, and P. Wonka. 2007. “Road Network Extraction and Intersection Detection from Aerial Images by Tracking Road Footprints.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 45 (12): 4144–4157. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2007.906107.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, Q., W. Wu, T. Xia, Q. Yu, P. Yang, Z. Li, and Q. Song. 2013. “Exploring the Use of Google Earth Imagery and Object-Based Methods in Land Use/Cover Mapping.” Remote Sensing 5 (11): 6026–6042. doi:10.3390/rs5116026.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, X., Q. Lu, and L. Zhang. 2014. “A Multi-Index Learning Approach for Classification of High-Resolution Remotely Sensed Images over Urban Areas.” ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 90: 36–48. doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.01.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, X., and L. Zhang. 2009. “Road Centreline Extraction from High-Resolution Imagery Based on Multiscale Structural Features and Support Vector Machines.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 30 (8): 1977–1987. doi:10.1080/01431160802546837.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, X., and L. Zhang. 2013. “An SVM Ensemble Approach Combining Spectral, Structural, and Semantic Features for the Classification of High-Resolution Remotely Sensed Imagery.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 51 (1): 257–272. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2012.2202912.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen, K., M. Cramer, R. Ladstädter, C. Ressl, and V. Spreckels. 2010. “DGPF-Project: Evaluation of Digital Photogrammetric Camera Systems–Geometric Performance.” Photogrammetrie-Fernerkundung-Geoinformation 2010 (2): 83–97. doi:10.1127/1432-8364/2010/0042.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarrett, K., K. Kavukcuoglu, M. Ranzato, and Y. LeCun. 2009. “What is the Best Multi-Stage Architecture for Object Recognition?” IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision, Kyoto, September 29–October 2, 2146–2153. doi:10.1109/ICCV.2009.5459469.
   Google Scholar
• Koriakine, A., and E. Saveliev. 2008. “WikiMapia.” Online: wikimapia. org.
   Google Scholar
• Krizhevsky, A., I. Sutskever, and G. E. Hinton. 2012. “Imagenet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks.” Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, Sierra Nevada, Lake Tahoe, November 23.
   Google Scholar
• Kurt, A., and Ü. Özgüner. 2013. “Hierarchical Finite State Machines for Autonomous Mobile Systems.” Control Engineering Practice 21 (2): 184–194. doi:10.1016/j.conengprac.2012.09.020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, X., S. Zhang, X. Pan, P. Dale, and R. Cropp. 2010. “Straight Road Edge Detection from High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images Based on the Ridgelet Transform with the Revised Parallel-Beam Radon Transform.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 31 (19): 5041–5059. doi:10.1080/01431160903283835.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, X., J. Zhang, Z. Liu, J. Shen, and M. Duan. 2011. “Semi-Automatic Extraction of Road Networks by Least Squares Interlaced Template Matching in Urban Areas.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 32 (17): 4943–4959. doi:10.1080/01431161.2010.493565.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, J., H. Sui, M. Tao, K. Sun, and X. Mei. 2013. “Road Extraction from SAR Imagery Based on an Improved Particle Filtering and Snake Model.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 34 (22): 8199–8214. doi:10.1080/01431161.2013.835082.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKeown, J., M. David, and J. L. Denlinger. 1988. “Cooperative Methods for Road Tracking in Aerial Imagery.” Proceedings CVPR’ 88, Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Ann Arbor, MI, June 5–9, 662–672. doi:10.1109/CVPR.1988.196307.
   Google Scholar
• Medeiros, A. A. D. 1998. “A Survey of Control Architectures for Autonomous Mobile Robots.” Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society 4: 3. doi:10.1590/S0104-65001998000100004.
   Google Scholar
• Miao, Z., B. Wang, W. Shi, and H. Wu. 2014. “A Method for Accurate Road Centerline Extraction From a Classified Image.” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 7 (12): 4762–4771. doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2014.2309613.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mnih, V. 2013. Machine Learning for Aerial Image Labeling. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto.
   Google Scholar
• Mnih, V., and G. E. Hinton. 2010. “Learning to Detect Roads in High-Resolution Aerial Images.” In Computer Vision ECCV 2010, Vol. 6316, 210–223. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-15567-3.
   Google Scholar
• Montoya-Zegarra, J. A., J. D. Wegner, Ľ. Ladický, and K. Schindler. 2014. “Mind the Gap: Modeling Local and Global Context in (Road) Networks.” Pattern Recognition 8753: 212–223. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11752-2_17.
   Google Scholar
• Opitz, M., M. Diem, S. Fiel, F. Kleber, and R. Sablatnig. 2014. “End-to-End Text Recognition Using Local Ternary Patterns, MSER and Deep Convolutional Nets.” 11th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems (DAS), Tours, April 7–10, 186–190. doi:10.1109/DAS.2014.29.
   Google Scholar
• Peng, T., I. H. Jermyn, V. Prinet, and J. Zerubia. 2008. “Incorporating Generic and Specific Prior Knowledge in a Multiscale Phase Field Model for Road Extraction from VHR Images.” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 1 (2): 139–146. doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2008.922318.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poullis, C. 2014. “Tensor-Cuts: A Simultaneous Multi-Type Feature Extractor and Classifier and Its Application to Road Extraction from Satellite Images.” ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 95: 93–108. doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.06.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shao, Y., B. Guo, X. Hu, and L. Di. 2011. “Application of a Fast Linear Feature Detector to Road Extraction from Remotely Sensed Imagery.” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 4 (3): 626–631. doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2094181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, P. P., and R. D. Garg. 2014. “A Two-Stage Framework for Road Extraction from High-Resolution Satellite Images by Using Prominent Features of Impervious Surfaces.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 35 (24): 8074–8107. doi:10.1080/01431161.2014.978956.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, H., R. Xu, Y. Ma, and G. Li. 2013. “Classification of ETM+ Remote Sensing Image Based on Hybrid Algorithm of Genetic Algorithm and Back Propagation Neural Network.” Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013: 1–8. doi:10.1155/2013/719756.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, M., and D. Civco. 2004. “Road Extraction Using SVM and Image Segmentation.” Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 70 (12): 1365–1371. doi:10.14358/PERS.70.12.1365.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swietojanski, P., A. Ghoshal, and S. Renals. 2014. “Convolutional Neural Networks for Distant Speech Recognition.” IEEE Signal Processing Letters 21 (9): 1120–1124. doi:10.1109/LSP.2014.2325781.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, M., and S. Zhang. 2011. “Road Extraction from High-Spatial-Resolution Remotely Sensed Imagery by Combining Multi-Profile Analysis and Extended Snakes Model.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 32 (21): 6349–6365. doi:10.1080/01431161.2010.508801.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weng, Q. 2012. “Remote Sensing of Impervious Surfaces in the Urban Areas: Requirements, Methods, and Trends.” Remote Sensing of Environment 117: 34–49. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2011.02.030.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiedemann, C., and H. Ebner. 2000. “Automatic Completion and Evaluation of Road Networks.” International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 33 (B3/2; PART 3): 979–986.
   Google Scholar
• Xiangyun, H., and V. Tao. 2007. “Automatic Extraction of Main Road Centerlines from High Resolution Satellite Imagery Using Hierarchical Grouping.” Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 73 (9): 1049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeiler, M., and R. Fergus. 2014. “Visualizing and Understanding Convolutional Networks.” In Computer Vision–ECCV 2014, Vol. 8689, 818–833. Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10590-1_53.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, J., X. Lin, Z. Liu, and J. Shen. 2011. “Semi-Automatic Road Tracking by Template Matching and Distance Transformation in Urban Areas.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 32 (23): 8331–8347. doi:10.1080/01431161.2010.540587.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Q., and I. Couloigner. 2007. “Accurate Centerline Detection and Line Width Estimation of Thick Lines Using the Radon Transform.” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 16 (2): 310–316. doi:10.1109/TIP.2006.887731.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar