High altitude kite mapping: evaluation of kite aerial photography (KAP) and structure from motion digital elevation models in the Peruvian Andes

References

• Aber, J. S., and D. Gałązka. 2000. “Kite Aerial Photography.” Photogramm Record 24: 118–119. doi:10.1111/j.1477-9730.2009.00535.x.
   Google Scholar
• Aber, J. S., S. W. Aber, and F. Pavri. 2002. “Unmanned Small-Format Aerial Photography from Kites for Acquiring Large-Scale, High-Resolution, Multiview-Angle Imagery.” International Archives Photogramm Remote Sens Spat Information Sciences 34: 1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Aber, J. S., S. W. Aber, J. Janočko, R. Zabielski, and M. Górska-Zabielska. 2008. “High-Altitude Kite Aerial Photography.” Transactions Kansas Academic Sciences 111: 49–60. doi:10.1660/0022-8443(2008)111[49:HKAP]2.0.CO;2.
   Google Scholar
• Agisoft, L. L. C. 2013. Agisoft PhotoScan User Manual: Professional Edition, Version 1.0.0, Agisoft L.L.C. http://www.agisoft.com/pdf/photoscan-pro_1_0_en.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ahmad, A. 2011. “Digital Mapping Using Low Altitude UAV.” Pertanika Journal Sciences Technological 19: 51–58.
   Google Scholar
• Baraer, M., B. G. Mark, J. M. Mckenzie, T. Condom, J. Bury, K.-I. Huh, C. Portocarrero, J. Gómez, and S. Rathay. 2012. “Glacier Recession and Water Resources in Peru’s Cordillera Blanca.” Journal of Glaciology 58: 134–150. doi:10.3189/2012JoG11J186.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baraer, M., J. Mckenzie, B. G. Mark, R. Gordon, J. Bury, T. Condom, J. Gomez, S. Knox, and S. K. Fortner. 2015. “Contribution of Groundwater to the Outflow from Ungauged Glacierized Catchments: A Multi-Site Study in the Tropical Cordillera Blanca, Peru.” Hydrol Processing 29: 2561–2581. doi:10.1002/hyp.10386.
   Google Scholar
• Berni, J., P. J. Zarco-Tejada, L. Suarez, and E. Fereres. 2009. “Thermal and Narrowband Multispectral Remote Sensing for Vegetation Monitoring from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle.” IEEE Transactions Geosci Remote Sens 47: 722–738. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2008.2010457.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhardwaj, A., L. Sam, F. J. Akanksha Martín-Torres, and R. Kumar. 2016. “UAVs as Remote Sensing Platform in Glaciology: Present Applications and Future Prospects.” Remote Sens Environment 175: 196–204. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2015.12.029.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boike, J., and K. Yoshikawa. 2003. “Mapping of Periglacial Geomorphology Using Kite/Balloon Aerial Photography.” Permafr Periglac Processing 14: 81–85. doi:10.1002/ppp.437.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradley, R. S., M. Vuille, H. F. Diaz, and W. Vergara. 2006. “Threats to Water Supplies in the Tropical Andes.” Science 312 (80): 1755–1756. doi:10.1126/science.1128087.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryson, M., M. Johnson-Roberson, R. J. Murphy, and D. Bongiorno. 2013. “Kite Aerial Photography for Low-Cost, Ultra-High Spatial Resolution Multi-Spectral Mapping of Intertidal Landscapes.” PLoS One 8: e73550. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0073550.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryson, M., S. Duce, D. Harris, J. M. Webster, A. Thompson, A. Vila-Concejo, and S. B. Williams. 2016. “Geomorphic Changes of a Coral Shingle Cay Measured Using Kite Aerial Photography.” Geomorphology 270: 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.06.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bury, J., B. G. Mark, M. Carey, K. R. Young, J. M. Mckenzie, M. Baraer, A. French, and M. H. Polk. 2013. “New Geographies of Water and Climate Change in Peru : Coupled Natural and Social Transformations in the Santa River Watershed.” Annals Association American Geographic 103: 363–374. doi:10.1080/00045608.2013.754665.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casana, J., J. Kantner, A. Wiewel, and J. Cothren. 2014. “Archaeological Aerial Thermography: A Case Study at the Chaco-Era Blue J Community, New Mexico.” Journal of Archaeological Science 45: 207–219. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2014.02.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHDK. 2016. KAP UAV Exposure Control Script [WWW Document]. URL chdk.wikia.com/wiki/KAP_UAV_Exposure_Control_Script.
   Google Scholar
• Colomina, I., and P. Molina. 2014. “Unmanned Aerial Systems for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing: A Review.” ISPRS Journal Photogramm Remote Sens 92: 79–97. doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.02.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Condom, T., M. Escobar, D. Purkey, J. C. Pouget, W. Suarez, C. Ramos, J. Apaestegui, M. Zapata, J. Gomez, and W. Vergara. 2011. “Modelling the Hydrologic Role of Glaciers within A Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP): A Case Study in the Rio Santa Watershed (Peru).” Hydrol Earth Systems Sciences Discussions 8: 869–916. doi:10.5194/hessd-8-869-2011.
   Google Scholar
• D’Oleire-Oltmanns, S., I. Marzolff, K. D. Peter, and J. B. Ries. 2012. “Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for Monitoring Soil Erosion in Morocco.” Remote Sens 4: 3390–3416. doi:10.3390/rs4113390.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietrich, J. T., 2014. Application of Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry to fluvial geomorphology. PhD Thesis. University of Oregon.
   Google Scholar
• Dunford, R., K. Michel, M. Gagnage, H. Piégay, and M.-L. Trémelo. 2009. “Potential and Constraints of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Technology for the Characterization of Mediterranean Riparian Forest.” International Journal Remote Sens 30: 4915–4935. doi:10.1080/01431160903023025.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eisenbeiß, H., E. T. H. Zurich, H. Eisenbeiß, and E. T. H. Zürich. 2009. UAV Photogrammetry. Inst. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Switzerland: ETH Zurich. doi:doi:10.3929/ethz-a-005939264.
   Google Scholar
• Eisenbeiss, H., and M. Sauerbier. 2011. “Investigation of UAV Systems and Flight Modes for Photogrammetric Applications.” Photogramm Record 26: 400–421. doi:10.1111/j.1477-9730.2011.00657.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fonstad, M. A., J. T. Dietrich, B. C. Courville, J. L. Jensen, and P. E. Carbonneau. 2013. “Topographic Structure from Motion: A New Development in Photogrammetric Measurement.” Earth Surf Processing Landforms 38: 421–430. doi:10.1002/esp.3366.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedli, E., 2013. Photogrammetric Methods for the Reconstruction and Monitoring of Glaciers. Masters Thesis. Master’s Thesis, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
   Google Scholar
• Garver, J. I., P. W. Reiners, L. J. Walker, J. M. Ramage, and S. E. Perry. 2005. “Implications for Timing of Andean Uplift from Thermal Resetting of Radiation‐Damaged Zircon in the Cordillera Huayhuash, Northern Peru.” The Journal of Geology 113: 117–138. doi:10.1086/427664.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon, R. P., L. K. Lautz, J. M. McKenzie, B. G. Mark, D. Chavez, and M. Baraer. 2015. “Sources and Pathways of Stream Generation in Tropical Proglacial Valleys of the Cordillera Blanca, Peru.” Journal Hydrol 522: 628–644. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.01.013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harwin, S., and A. Lucieer. 2012. “Assessing the Accuracy of Georeferenced Point Clouds Produced via Multi-View Stereopsis from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Imagery.” Remote Sens 4: 1573–1599. doi:10.3390/rs4061573.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassan-Esfahani, L., A. Torres-Rua, A. Jensen, and M. McKee. 2015. “Assessment of Surface Soil Moisture Using High-Resolution Multi-Spectral Imagery and Artificial Neural Networks.” Remote Sens 7: 2627–2646. doi:10.3390/rs70302627.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffmann, H., S. Müller, and T. Friborg, 2014. Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and a Thermal Infrared Camera to Estimate Temperature Differences on a Lake Surface, Revealing Incoming Groundwater Seepage., in: EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts. p. 6234. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.4596.1840
   Google Scholar
• Hugenholtz, C. H., K. Whitehead, O. W. Brown, T. E. Barchyn, B. J. Moorman, A. LeClair, K. Riddell, and T. Hamilton. 2013. “Geomorphological Mapping with a Small Unmanned Aircraft System (Suas): Feature Detection and Accuracy Assessment of a Photogrammetrically-Derived Digital Terrain Model.” Geomorphology 194: 16–24. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.03.023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huh, K. I. 2014. Glacier Volume Changes in the Tropical Andes: A Multi-Scale Assessment in the Cordillera Blanca, Peruvian Andes. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University.
   Google Scholar
• Huh, K. I., B. G. Mark, Y. Ahn, and C. Hopkinson. 2017. “Volume Change of Tropical Peruvian Glaciers from Multi-Temporal Digital Elevation Models and Volume–Surface Area Scaling..” Geogr. Ann. Ser. A, Phys 99: 222–239. doi:10.1080/04353676.2017.1313095.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huh, K. I. N., B. G. Mark, and C. Hopkinson. 2012. “Changes of Topographic Context of the Yanamarey Glacier in the Tropical Peruvian Andes, In: Remote Sensing and Hydrology (Proceedings).” IAHS Publication 352: 1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Hunt, E. R., W. Dean Hively, S. J. Fujikawa, D. S. Linden, C. S. T. Daughtry, and G. W. McCarty. 2010. “Acquisition of NIR-green-blue Digital Photographs from Unmanned Aircraft for Crop Monitoring.” Remote Sens 2: 290–305. doi:10.3390/rs2010290.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Immerzeel, W. W., P. D. A. Kraaijenbrink, J. M. Shea, A. B. Shrestha, F. Pellicciotti, M. F. P. Bierkens, and S. M. De Jong. 2014. “High-Resolution Monitoring of Himalayan Glacier Dynamics Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles.” Remote Sens Environment 150: 93–103. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2014.04.025.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• James, M. R., and S. Robson. 2014. “Mitigating Systematic Error in Topographic Models Derived from UAV and Ground-Based Image Networks.” Earth Surf Processing Landforms 39: 1413–1420. doi:10.1002/esp.3609.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen, A. M., M. McKee, and C. YangQuan, 2014. Procedures for Processing Thermal Images Using Low-Cost Microbolometer Cameras for Small Unmanned Aerial Systems, in: 2014 IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. pp. 2629–2632. doi:10.1109/IGARSS.2014.6947013
   Google Scholar
• Koh, L. P., and S. A. Wich. 2012. “Dawn of Drone Ecology: Low-Cost Autonomous Aerial Vehicles for Conservation.” Tropical Conserv Sciences 5: 121–132. doi:10.1177/194008291200500202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraaijenbrink, P., S. W. Meijer, J. M. Shea, F. Pellicciotti, S. M. De Jong, and W. W. Immerzeel. 2016. “Seasonal Surface Velocities of a Himalayan Glacier Derived by Automated Correlation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery.” Annals Glaciol 57: 103–113. doi:10.3189/2016AoG71A072.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laliberte, A. S., and A. Rango. 2011. “Image Processing and Classification Procedures for Analysis of Sub-Decimeter Imagery Acquired with an Unmanned Aircraft over Arid Rangelands.” GIScience Remote Sens 48: 4–23. doi:10.2747/1548-1603.48.1.4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• López, M. E., and W. E. Howell. 1967. “Katabatic Winds in the Equatorial Andes.” Journal Atmos Sciences 24: 29–35. doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1967)024<0029:KWITEA>2.0.CO;2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lorenz, R. D., and S. P. Scheidt. 2014. “Compact and Inexpensive Kite Apparatus for Geomorphological Field Aerial Photography, with Some Remarks on Operations.” GeoResJ 3–4: 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.grj.2014.06.001.
   Google Scholar
• Lowe, D. G. 2004. “Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints.” International Journal Computation Vision 60: 91–110. doi:10.1023/B:VISI.0000029664.99615.94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mancini, F., M. Dubbini, M. Gattelli, F. Stecchi, S. Fabbri, and G. Gabbianelli. 2013. “Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) for High-Resolution Reconstruction of Topography: The Structure from Motion Approach on Coastal Environments.” Remote Sens 5: 6880–6898. doi:10.3390/rs5126880.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mark, B. G., J. Bury, J. M. McKenzie, A. French, and M. Baraer. 2010. “Climate Change and Tropical Andean Glacier Recession: Evaluating Hydrologic Changes and Livelihood Vulnerability in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru.” Annals Association American Geographic 100: 794–805. doi:10.1080/00045608.2010.497369.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marzolff, I., and J. Poesen. 2009. “The Potential of 3D Gully Monitoring with GIS Using High-Resolution Aerial Photography and a Digital Photogrammetry System.” Geomorphology 111: 48–60. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2008.05.047.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nex, F., and F. Remondino. 2014. “UAV for 3D Mapping Applications: A Review.” Applications Geomatics 6: 1–15. doi:10.1007/s12518-013-0120-x.
   Google Scholar
• Nouwakpo, S. K., M. A. Weltz, and K. McGwire. 2016. “Assessing the Performance of Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry and Terrestrial LiDAR for Reconstructing Soil Surface Microtopography of Naturally Vegetated Plots.” Earth Surf Processing Landforms 41: 308–322. doi:10.1002/esp.3787.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NRCAN, 2016. Natural Resources Canada Precise Point Positioning [WWW Document]. Accessed September 9 2014.  URL https://webapp.geod.nrcan.gc.ca/geod/tools-outils/ppp.php
   Google Scholar
• Oh, P. Y., and W. E. Green. 2004. “Mechatronic Kite and Camera Rig to Rapidly Acquire, Process, and Distribute Aerial Images.” IEEE/ASME Transactions Mechatronics 9: 671–678. doi:10.1109/TMECH.2004.839039.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scoffin, T. P. 1982. “Reef Aerial Photography from a Kite.” Coral Reefs 1: 67–69. doi:10.1007/BF00286542.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, J. S., J. Chandler, and J. Rose. 2009. “High Spatial Resolution Data Acquisition for the Geosciences: Kite Aerial Photography.” Earth Surf Processing Landforms 34: 155–161. doi:10.1002/esp.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snavely, N., S. M. Seitz, and R. Szeliski. 2008. “Modeling the World from Internet Photo Collections.” International Journal Computation Vision 80: 189–210. doi:10.1007/s11263-007-0107-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soliman, A., R. J. Heck, A. Brenning, R. Brown, and S. Miller. 2013. “Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture in Vineyards Using Airborne and Ground-Based Thermal Inertia Data.” Remote Sens 5: 3729–3748. doi:10.3390/rs5083729.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Somers, L. D., R. P. Gordon, J. M. McKenzie, L. K. Lautz, O. Wigmore, A. M. Glose, R. Glas, et al. 2016. “Quantifying Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions in a Proglacial Valley, Cordillera Blanca, Peru.” Hydrol Processing 30: 2915–2929. doi:10.1002/hyp.10912.
   Google Scholar
• Szeliski, R. 2010. Computer Vision : Algorithms and Applications. London: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-84882-935-0.
   Google Scholar
• Tonkin, T. N., and N. G. Midgley. 2016. “Ground-Control Networks for Image Based Surface Reconstruction: An Investigation of Optimum Survey Designs Using UAV Derived Imagery and Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry.” Remote Sens 8: 16–19. doi:10.3390/rs8090786.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tonkin, T. N., N. G. Midgley, D. J. Graham, and J. C. Labadz. 2014. “The Potential of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems and Structure-From-Motion for Topographic Surveys: A Test of Emerging Integrated Approaches at Cwm Idwal, North Wales.” Geomorphology 226: 35–43. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.07.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, D., A. Lucieer, and C. Watson. 2012. “An Automated Technique for Generating Georectified Mosaics from Ultra-High Resolution Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Imagery, Based on Structure from Motion (SFM) Point Clouds.” Remote Sens 4: 1392–1410. doi:10.3390/rs4051392.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verhoeven, G. 2011. “Taking Computer Vision Aloft - Archaeological Three-Dimensional Reconstructions from Aerial Photographs with Photoscan.” Archaeol Prospect. doi:10.1002/arp.399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vivoni, E. R., A. Rango, C. A. Anderson, N. A. Pierini, A. P. Schreiner-McGraw, S. Saripalli, and A. S. Laliberte. 2014. “Ecohydrology with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles.” Ecosphere 5: art130. doi:10.1890/ES14-00217.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vuille, M., R. S. Bradley, M. Werner, and F. Keimig. 2003. “20th Century Climate Change in the Tropical Andes: Observations and Model Results.” Climate Change 59: 75–99. doi:10.1023/A:1024406427519.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watts, A., and J. Perry. 2010. “Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Low‐Altitude Aerial Surveys.” Journal … 74: 1614–1619. doi:10.2193/2009-425.
   Google Scholar
• Watts, A. C., V. G. Ambrosia, and E. A. Hinkley. 2012. “Unmanned Aircraft Systems in Remote Sensing and Scientific Research: Classification and Considerations of Use.” Remote Sens 4: 1671–1692. doi:10.3390/rs4061671.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westoby, M. J., J. Brasington, N. F. Glasser, M. J. Hambrey, and J. M. Reynolds. 2012. ““Structure-From-Motion” Photogrammetry: A Low-Cost, Effective Tool for Geoscience Applications.” Geomorphology 179: 300–314. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.08.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitehead, K., B. J. Moorman, and C. H. Hugenholtz. 2013. “Brief Communication: Low-Cost, On-Demand Aerial Photogrammetry for Glaciological Measurement.” Cryosphere 7: 1879–1884. doi:10.5194/tc-7-1879-2013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wigmore, O., and B. Mark. 2017. “Monitoring Tropical Debris Covered Glacier Dynamics from High Resolution Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Photogrammetry, Cordillera Blanca, Peru.” Cryosph Discussions 2017: 1–27. doi:10.5194/tc-2017-31.
   Google Scholar
• Wundram, D., and J. Löffler. 2008. “High‐Resolution Spatial Analysis of Mountain Landscapes Using a Low‐Altitude Remote Sensing Approach.” International Journal Remote Sens 29: 961–974. doi:10.1080/01431160701352113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young, K. R. 2009. “Andean Land Use and Biodiversity: Humanized Landscapes in a Time of Change.” Annals Missouri Botanic Gard 96: 492–507. doi:10.3417/2008035.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young, K. R. 2014. “Ecology of Land Cover Change in Glaciated Tropical Mountains.” Reviews Peru Biologic 21: 259–270. doi:10.15381/rpb.v21i3.10900.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, C., and J. M. Kovacs. 2012. “The Application of Small Unmanned Aerial Systems for Precision Agriculture: A Review.” Precis Agricultural 13: 693–712. doi:10.1007/s11119-012-9274-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar